The snakes (Reptilia, Serpentes) of the Miocene of Portugal

The ophidian fauna coming from the Miocene of Amor (MN 5), Quinta das Pedreiras and Quinta do Pombeiro (both MN4) (Portugal) consists of the following taxa: cf. Bavarioboa sp. (Boidae); cf. Coluber sp. (Coluhridae); two unidentified Colubridae; Vipera sp. ("Oriental vipers" complex) (Viperidae). The assemblage is characteristic for the lower/middle Miocene transition and it resembles snake faunas known from other European localities of similar age.

Amphibians and squamate reptiles from the lower Eocene of Silveirinha (Portugal)

Silveirinha (Portugal) has produced a diverse herpetofauna. In Europe, it is the only described assemblage of amphibians and squamate reptiles from the base of the Eocene (MP 7). The fauna includes at least two species of amphibians (belonging to the Salamandridae and perhaps the Pelobatidae) and at least 15 species of squamates (at least nine families: Iguanidae, Agamidae, Gekkonidae, one or two families of scincomorphans, Anguidae, ?Varanidae, Amphisbaenidae, Boidae, Tropidophiidae, and likely an indeterminate family of snakes). But, except for the snake Dunnophis matronensis, identifications at species level are not possible. The presence of iguanid lizards and of the snake D. matronensis in the base of the Eocene (MP 7) of Europe is confirmed. The fauna includes several squamates that show close affinities with North American taxa.