Access of WetAMD and DME patients to treatment in public hospitals

Degeneration (WetAMD) and Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) patients’ access to treatment in public hospitals, by identifying bottlenecks and stress points that prevent timely and adequate care to patients who suffer from a degenerative disease, and consequently for whom the lack of access to treatment can have disastrous consequences. Considering the specificity and degenerative traits of these conditions, the long queues for specialty appointments in public hospitals are a significant threat to patients’ health, as the disease may be misdiagnosed and or progress significantly, causing unnecessary permanent and non-reversible loss in visual acuity. Therefore optimizing the patient journey will increase patients’ access to adequate treatment, and prevent avoidable progress of a degenerative condition which causes permanent and non-reversible blindness. Following the investigation which supports this thesis, the patient journey was broken down into its different phases, so that key issues could be identified, and referred back to the main stress points highlighted during the interviews with physicians and administrators. Finally results were scrutinized and systematized, and a set of action points was proposed, considering what may cause major impact and is actually feasible to implement.

The 1st ISA forum of sociology on the “Sociological Research and Public Debate”

1st ISA Forum report

Towards a GIS-T database design and implementation for public transit planning: the case study of Dar-Es-salaam metropolitan city, Tanzania.

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies

The role of implicit contracts: Building public works in the 1840s in Portugal

Business History, Vol 50 No 2, p147-162

Comportamentos de sexo seguro em individuos infectados por VIH

A investigação científica que se seguiu à descoberta da infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH) representou um marco histórico importante, permitindo a instituição de terapêutica e alterando a história natural da infecção, melhorando as expectativas dos indivíduos infectados.Se, por um lado, a terapêutica antirretroviral de alta eficácia (do inglês, Highly Active Antiretroviral Theraphy: HAART), nos países desenvolvidos, teve um enorme impacto na melhoria da qualidade de vida e esperança média de vida dos indivíduos infectados, permitindo-lhes encarar a infecção como uma doença crónica, por outro lado, introduziu-se uma nova dinâmica epidemiológica na transmissão de VIH e um novo desafio para a sua prevenção.Os comportamentos sexuais são o factor-alvo através do qual se pode, de uma forma mais eficaz, prevenir a possibilidade de infectar um qualquer indivíduo na comunidade. Parece, pois, importante haver necessidade de um olhar atento da Saúde Pública sobre a vida sexual dos indivíduos infectados, não só na tentativa de, promover a sua qualidade de vida, como também, de prevenir a disseminação da doença, e, ainda mais importante, prevenir a disseminação do vírus nas suas formas resistentes.O objectivo deste estudo foi analisar a consistência do uso de preservativo/práticas de sexo seguro, em indivíduos infectados por VIH, seguidos em Consulta de Imunodepressão, do Serviço de Doenças Infecciosas, do Hospital de Santa Maria. Pretende-se avaliar, no âmbito da “Educação para a Saúde”, a necessidade de aconselhamento aos indivíduos infectados, relativamente aos seus comportamentos sexuais.Para o efeito, realizou-se um estudo descritivo e transversal. A população envolvida compreendeu todos os indivíduos infectados seguidos na Consulta de Imunodepressão. A amostra foi seleccionada através de aleatorização simples e constituída por 98 elementos. A colheita de dados foi efectuada através do método de entrevista, a qual só teve início após a assinatura do consentimento informado. O estudo decorreu entre 14 de Março e 27 de Junho de 2008.Foram analisados os dados relativamente às variáveis: sócio-demográficas, estado serológico da infecção, história sexual, consumo de substâncias, comportamento sexual e percepção de risco da transmissão da infecção por VIH.Os comportamentos de sexo não seguro foram associados ao número de parceiros sexuais/ano (p=0,007), ter parceiro sexual habitual (p=0,010), ter múltiplos parceiros sexuais ocasionais (p=0,000) e à prática de sexo oral (sexo oral receptivo, p=0,001; sexo oral activo, p=0,006).Os resultados demonstraram a importância da prevenção secundária nos indivíduos infectados por VIH. A necessidade dos centros de atendimento estarem providos de mensagem de prevenção, ensinos e aconselhamento a todas as pessoas infectadas e, também, aos seus parceiros sexuais, aumentando-lhes a qualidade de vida e reduzindo o risco de transmissão da infecção por HIV. ABSTRACT: The scientific research that followed the finding of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection represented an important historical mark, allowing therapeutic institution and changing the natural history of the infection, thus improving the expectations of infected individuals. If by one side the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) had an enormous impact on the improvement of life quality and life expectancy of the infected individuals on the developed countries, allowing them to face the infection as a chronic disease, on the other side it was introduced a epidemiologic dynamic on the HIV transmission and a new challenge for its prevention. Sexual behaviour is the main factor through which is possible to prevent more efficiently the possibility of infection of a community’s individual. Thus it appears important the need of Public Health to have a careful look into the sexual life of infected individuals, not only to try to promote their life quality but as well to prevent the dissemination of the disease and more importantly prevent the dissemination of the virus in its resistant forms. The objective of this study was to analyse the consistency of the use of condoms/safe sex by individuals infected by HIV that are followed by the Infectious Disease Service of the Santa Maria Hospital through Immune-depression Appointments. The goal was to evaluate the need of advisement to the infected individuals relatively to their sexual behaviours. For that it was done a descriptive and transversal study. The involved population included all infected individuals followed in the Immune-depression Appointments. The sample was selected by simple randomisation and was composed by 98 elements. The data was obtained by interview method, which was initiated after signing the informed consent. The study was took place between 14 March and 27 June 2008. It was analysed the data relative to the variables: socio-demographics, serologic state of the infection, sexual history, substances consumption, sexual behaviour and risk perception on the transmission of HIV infection. The unsafe sexual behaviours were associated to the number of sexual partners/year (p=0,007), having steady partner (p= 0,010), having occasional sexual partners (p=0,000) and oral sex practice (receptive oral sex, p=0,001; active oral sex, p= 0,006).The results demonstrated the importance of the secondary prevention on individuals infected by HIV. It also demonstrated the need of providing the attendance centres with a prevention message, teachings and advises to all infected persons as well as to their sexual partners, increasing their life quality and reducing the transmission risk of HIV infection.

Public works policy in Portugal: a case study in unsustainability

International Journal of Engineering and Industrial Management, nº 1, p. 195-208

Environmental pressures and impacts of public sector organizations: the case of the Portuguese Military

Progress in Industrial Ecology, An International Journal, nº 4(5), p. 363-381

The state of environmental performance evaluation in the public sector: the case of the Portuguese defence sector

Journal of Cleaner Production, nº 17, p. 36-52

Environmental performance policy indicators for the public sector: The case of the defence sector

Journal of Environmental Management, nº 82 p. 410–432

FROM NON-PLACE TO PLACE: A STUDY OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC SPACE AS A SPACE OF IDENTITY

Master Erasmus Mundus Crossways in European Humanities

Investigating habitat association of breeding birds using public domain satellite imagery and land cover data.

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies

Health care marketing: the theory of planned behavior applied to patients' choise between private and public providers in the portuguese health care system.

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Master in Statistics and Information Management.

The patient safety journey in Portugal : challenges and opportunities from a public health perspective

ABSTRACT - Despite improvements in healthcare interventions, the incidence of adverse events and other patient safety problems constitutes a major contributor to the global burden of diseases and a concern for Public Health. In the last years there have been some successful individual and institutional efforts to approach patient safety issues in Portugal, unless such effort has been fragmented or focused on specific small areas. Long-term and global improvement has remained elusive, and most of all the improvement of patient safety in Portugal, must evaluate not only the efficacy of a change but also what was effective for implementing the change. Clearly, patient safety issues result from various combinations of individual, team, organization, system and patient factors. A systemic and integrated approach to promote patient safety must acknowledge and strive to understand the complexity of work systems and processes in health care, including the interactions between people, technology, and the environment. Safety errors cannot be productively attributed to a single human error. Our objective with this paper is to provide a brief overview of the status quo in patient safety in Portugal, highlighting key aspects that should be taken into account in the design of a strategy for improving patient safety. With these key aspects in mind, policy makers and implementers can move forward and make better decisions about which changes should be made and about the way the needed changes to improve patient safety should be implemented. The contribution of colleagues that are international leaders on healthcare quality and patient safety may also contribute to more innovative research methods needed to create the knowledge that promotes less costly successful changes.---- ---------------------- RESUMO – As questões relacionadas com a Segurança do Doente, e em particular, com a ocorrência de eventos adversos tem constituído, de há uns tempos a esta parte, uma crescente preocupação para as organizações de saúde, para os decisores políticos, para os profissionais de saúde e para os doentes/utentes e suas famílias, sendo por isso considerado um problema de Saúde Pública a que urge dar resposta. Em Portugal, nos últimos anos, têm sido desenvolvidos esforços baseados, maioritariamente, em iniciativas isoladas, para abordar os aspectos da Segurança do Doente. O facto de essas iniciativas não serem integradas numa estratégia explícita e de dimensão regional ou nacional, faz com que os resultados sejam parcelares e tenham visibilidade reduzida. Paralelamente, a melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados de saúde (a longo prazo) resultante dessas iniciativas tem sido esparsa e nem sempre a avaliação tem sido feita tendo em conta critérios de efectividade e de eficiência. A Segurança do Doente resulta da interacção de diversos factores relacionados, por um lado, com o doente e, por outro, com a prestação de cuidados que envolvem elementos de natureza individual (falhas activas) e organizacional/estrutural (falhas latentes). Devido à multifactorialidade que está na base de «problemas/falhas» na Segurança do Doente, qualquer abordagem a considerar deve ser sistémica e integrada. Simultaneamente, tais abordagens devem contemplar a compreensão da complexidade dos sistemas e dos processos de prestação de cuidados de saúde e as suas interdependências (envolvendo aspectos individuais, tecnológicos e ambientais). O presente trabalho tem por objectivo reflectir sobre o «estado da arte» da Segurança do Doente em Portugal, destacando os elementos-chave que se consideram decisivos para uma estratégia de acção nesse domínio. Com esses elementos os responsáveis pela governação da saúde poderão valorizar os aspectos que consideram decisivos para uma política de Segurança do Doente mais eficaz. A contribuição de quatro colegas internacionalmente reconhecidos como líderes na área da Qualidade em Saúde e da Segurança do Doente, constitui, por certo, uma oportunidade ímpar para a identificação e discussão de alguns dos principais desafios, ameaças e oportunidades que s

Public private collaboration: Potentials for spatial data infrastructure development in developing countries - A caste study of Nigeria

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.

GI Systems for public health with an ontology based approach

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.