Development of biocompatible and “smart” porous structures using CO2-assisted processes

Dissertação apresentada para a obtenção do grau de Doutor em Engenharia Química, especialidade Engenharia da Reacção Química, pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Protein glycosylation of exosomes from ovarian carcinoma cells: structures and biological roles

Dissertation presented to obtain the Ph.D. degree in Biology

Influence of the molecular weight in mechanical properties and degradation kinetics of chitosan inverted colloidal crystals

Tissue engineering arises from the need to regenerate organs and tissues, requiring the development of scaffolds, which can provide an optimum environment for tissue growth. In this work, chitosan with different molecular weights was used to develop biodegradable 3D inverted colloidal crystals (ICC) structures for bone regeneration, exhibiting uniform pore size and interconnected network. Moreover, in vitro tests were conducted by studying the influence of the molecular weight in the degradation kinetics and mechanical properties. The production of ICC included four major stages: fabrication of microspheres; assembly into a cohesive structure, polymeric solution infiltration and microsphere removal. Chitosan���s degree of deacetylation was determined by infrared spectroscopy and molecular weight was obtained via capillary viscometry. In order to understand the effect of the molecular weight in ICC structures, the mass loss and mechanical properties were analyzed after degradation with lysozyme. Structure morphology observation before and after degradation was performed by scanning electron microscopy. Cellular adhesion and proliferation tests were carried out to evaluate ICC in vitro response. Overall, medium molecular weight ICC revealed the best balance in terms of mechanical properties, degradation rate, morphology and biological behaviour.

Revestimento de superfícies metálicas com TiN e AIN produzidos com plasma magnetrão

Este trabalho visa a obtenção e o estudo das características dos revestimentos de AlN e TiN em substratos metálicos, produzidos por pulverização catódica em plasma magnetrão, num equipamento com cátodo oco, desenvolvido no LEF do CEFITEC. Este equipamento foi adaptado para o presente trabalho, através de alguns elementos adicionais, designadamente de um porta-amostras que permitiu o revestimento de provetes em lotes. Deste estudo conclui-se que a aplicação de uma tensão de “bias” na amostra altera a morfologia dos revestimentos e as características dos materiais que constituem o filme, não só no que diz respeito à sua composição, como também proporciona estruturas mais densas e com menos porosidade. As tensões de “bias” típicas foram de –100 V no caso de AlN e de –75 V e com uma potência de 2,0 kW no cátodo no caso de TiN. Neste último foi considerado apenas o objectivo da obtenção da fase d, de estrutura CFC (cor dourada), por ser a única de interesse industrial. Por difracção de raios x verificou-se a obtenção de TiN e TiN0,9 com as características pretendidas. Também se verificou que as tensões residuais dos filmes são de compressão e isotrópicas.

Electrochemical studies on small electron transfer proteins using membrane electrodes

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 541 (2003) 153-162

Bilirubin directly disrupts membrane lipid polarity and fluidity, protein order, and redox status in rat mitochondria

Background/Aims: Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) impairs crucial aspects of cell function and induces apoptosis in primary cultured neurones. While mechanisms of cytotoxicity begin to unfold, mitochondria appear as potential primary targets. Methods: We used electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis of isolated rat mitochondria to test the hypothesis that UCB physically interacts with mitochondria to induce structural membrane perturbation, leading to increased permeability, and subsequent release of apoptotic factors. Results: Our data demonstrate profound changes on mitochondrial membrane properties during incubation with UCB, including modified membrane lipid polarity and fluidity (P , 0:01), as well as disrupted protein mobility(P , 0:001). Consistent with increased permeability, cytochrome c was released from the intermembrane space(P , 0:01), perhaps uncoupling the respiratory chain and further increasing oxidative stress (P , 0:01). Both ursodeoxycholate, a mitochondrial-membrane stabilising agent, and cyclosporine A, an inhibitor of the permeability transition, almost completely abrogated UCB-induced perturbation. Conclusions: UCB directly interacts with mitochondria influencing membrane lipid and protein properties, redox status, and cytochrome c content. Thus, apoptosis induced by UCB may be mediated, at least in part, by physical perturbation of the mitochondrial membrane. These novel findings should ultimately prove useful to our evolving understanding of UCB cytotoxicity.

Development of Chitosan and Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Blended scaffolds for cell culture using supercritical fluids technology

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Química e Bioquímica

Production and decay of Sulphur excited species in a ECRIS plasma

The most important processes for the creation of S12+ to S14+ ions excited states from the ground configurations of S9+ to S14+ ions in an electron cyclotron resonance ion source, leading to the emission of K X-ray lines, are studied. Theoretical values for inner-shell excitation and ionization cross sections, including double KL and triple KLL ionization, transition probabilities and energies for the deexcitation processes, are calculated in the framework of the multi-configuration Dirac-Fock method. With reasonable assumptions about the electron energy distribution, a theoretical K$\alpha$ X-ray spectrum is obtained, which is compared to recent experimental data.

The influence of sludge characteristics from fullscale MBR in membrane filterability

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia do Ambiente,perfil Sanitária

Membrane design and characterisation by incorporation of ionic liquids

Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Engenharia Química, especialidade de Operações Unitárias e Fenómenos de Transferência, pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Interacções de proteínas do plasma com potenciais fármacos: estudos 3D a nível molecular

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Biotecnologia

Cavin 1 and cavin 2 roles on adipocyte cell function

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Genética Molecular e Biomedicina

The involvement of CDH1 in cancer angiogenesis

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Biotecnologia

Basement membrane alterarions in kernicteric brain microvasculature and pericyte response to bilirubin

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Genética Molecular e Biomedicina