7 resultados para Intracellular Ca2 store
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA School of Business and Economics
Resumo:
A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA School of Business and Economics
Resumo:
A hemoterapia moderna baseia-se na utilizao correcta dos diversos componentes sanguneos, associados a um maior controle de qualidade do sangue, o que a torna mais segura e, actualmente, muitos doentes sao beneficiados pois, a transfuso de componentes sanguineos, em situaoes vrias, est na linha da frente na manuteno da vida e em casos extremos, o ltimo recurso que salva vidas. A qualidade e a segurana nas transfuses de sangue so grandes preocupaes da rea mdica, autoridades de sade e doente1. O sangue obtido pelos Centros de Sangue provem de dadores voluntrios, dotados de uma enorme sensibilidade social, que periodicamente assumem uma postura benevola e altruista e consequentemente mantm os bancos de sangue providos de um produto imprescindivel no tratamento de diversas patologias. O produto final disponvel concentrado de eritrcitos (CEs), plasma e concentrado plaquetrio tem de assumir um carcter seguro e vivel de modo a que os riscos para o doente sejam diminutos2. O controlo de qualidade aplicado a todo o sangue doado realiza provas de conformidade nas unidades com especificaes previamente definidas, sendo a hmolise um dos parmetros importantes na avaliao da qualidade dos concentrados de eritrcitos, pois, pode ocasionar implicaes clinicas para o receptor. Para alm disso a avaliao da concentrao de hemoglobina (Hg) no sangue doado mostra-se um controlo imprescindivel que salvaguarda a qualidade e segurana do componente a transfundir3;4.At se obter um CE h todo um processo moroso e de responsabilidade vital. Todo o sangue obtido passa por vrias etapas fundamentais at obteno do componente pretendido (analise, produo e armazenamento). Os CEs obtidos quando armazenados, num ambiente de refrigerao, tm uma vida til de 42 dias. Aps este perodo, o sangue deve ser inutilizado por se verificar alteraes bioqumicas, biomecnicas, e imunolgicas nos CEs e por consequncia a sua instabilidade vital no que ao tratamento de patologias, para as quais este componente est indicado, diz respeito5. Foi realizado um estudo experimental com o objetivo de avaliar a contribuio da Anexina V na apoptose celular nos concentrados de eritrcitos, constatando a degradao dos mesmos ao longo de todo o perodo de armazenamento e validar o paradigma que a cincia preconiza: Os CEs aps os 42 dias armazenados, em condies especficas (2 a 6 centgrados), so inviaveis para transfundir6;7. A avaliao dos nveis de apoptose por citometria de fluxo geralmente realizada por mtodos que utilizam Anexina V como marcador vital, que se associa aos resduos de fosfatidilserina, externalizados no incio do processo apopttico. A Anexina V uma protena humana endgena dependente do io Ca+2, amplamente distribuda intracelularmente em altas concentraes na placenta e em concentraes mais baixas nos eritrcitos, plaquetas e moncitos. Apresenta como principal caracterstica a capacidade de se ligar fosfatidilserina, um fosfolipdo presente na camada interna da bicamada lipdica, que durante a apoptose celular translocada para a camada externa da membrana celular. A determinao da Anexina V normalmente utilizada para verificar se as clulas so viveis, apoptticas ou necrticas por meio de diferenas na integridade da membrana plasmtica. Assim, ao conjugar a Anexina V ao FITC (Isotiocianato de fluorescena) possvel identificar e quantificar as clulas apoptticas por citometria de fluxo7. Numa amostra de 15 CEs, a qual foi induzida a hemlise, verificou-se, por citometria de fluxo, que a viabilidade deste componente se desvanesce ao longo do tempo, confirmando assim que o tratamento, manuseamento e armazenamento do sangue compromete a vitalidade terapeutica deste insubstituivel produto vital.
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This work project (WP) is a study about a clustering strategy for Sport Zone. The general cluster studys objective is to create groups such that within each group the individuals are similar to each other, but should be different among groups. The clusters creation is a mix of common sense, trial and error and some statistical supporting techniques. Our particular objective is to support category managers to better define the product type to be displayed in the stores shelves by doing store clusters. This research was carried out for Sport Zone, and comprises an objective definition, a literature review, the clustering activity itself, some factor analysis and a discriminant analysis to better frame our work. Together with this quantitative part, a survey addressed to category managers to better understand their key drivers, for choosing the type of product of each store, was carried out. Based in a non-random sample of 65 stores with data referring to 2013, the final result was the choice of 6 store clusters (Figure 1) which were individually characterized as the main outcome of this work. In what relates to our selected variables, all were important for the distinction between clusters, which proves the adequacy of their choice. The interpretation of the results gives category managers a tool to understand which products best fit the clustered stores. Furthermore, as a side finding thanks to the clusterization, a STP (Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning) was initiated, being this WP the first steps of a continuous process.
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AuNPs are versatile systems used for different biomedical application including imaging, drug and gene delivery. These systems support the intracellular transport of active molecules, a step that is considered one of the crucial problems in drug delivery. Nevertheless, in order to design optimal multifunctional AuNPs for specific and efficient nanomedicine applications, the mechanism by which AuNPs interact with living cells must be fully understand. The main goal of this work consisted in the assessment of the cellular uptake mechanism of 14 nm spherical AuNPs by A549 cells, through fluorescent spectroscopy and microscopy, in combination with quantitative analysis by ICP-MS. TAMRA labeled AuNPs were characterized by UV-visible and fluorescent spectroscopy and the final hydrodynamic diameter of 22.5 0.33 nm was obtained by DLS. Regarding the cellular uptake studies, the AuNPs presented a fast cellular uptake kinetics reaching a saturation point after 6 hours of incubation in A549 cells. Further investigation concerning the internalization mechanism of this AuNPs was evaluated using specific inhibitors for different endocytic pathways. Optimal inhibition was achieved using chlorpromazine, inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, resulting in a 23.5 % inhibition of AuNPs after 1 hour of incubation. This preliminary result obtained by fluorescent spectroscopy suggests that these AuNPs were predominantly uptake by clathrin-mediated endocytosis, meaning that other endocytic pathways must be involved in the cellular uptake of this AuNPs. In what cell viability is concern, the prepared AuNPs and the endocytic inhibitors revealed no significant effect on the cell viability in A549 cell line.
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Consumer behavior: Sport Zone. The analysis of "The impact of in-store activations (communication) in the consumer's emotions" Several studies have been conducted on the consumer behavior. This study aims to analyze and understand which factors are important to consumers emotions when the purchase decision occurs, the brand awareness, brand loyalty and the campaigns/activations impact in the above factors. Two research surveys were conducted to realize this study, the first online and the other was an interview to the Agency Up Partner who conceived and put into practice this Fitness campaign. First of all, was the consumers survey, a survey with 100 answers, to understand which factors are taken into account when a campaign in-store is held, in which the atmosphere is mainly used to arouse consumers desire to purchase, and also emotions. Second, the interview with the agency was realized to find out on what they were based on when they delineate it, and if the raise of emotions was taken into account in the origin of it. Concluding, emotions have a significant impact on formation of consumer in-store behavior, satisfaction and loyalty. As we could assay through of how this Fitness campaign was carried out as well as the optimal feedback received by consumers, improved attention over in-store marketing activity strongly influences consumer behavior at the point of purchase. Sport Zone: A new store concept where the love for sports is combined with functionality
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This project aims to explore the Portuguese Beauty and Cosmetics market, and to discuss the usage and purchase behaviour of young female adults, between 18 and 26 years old. After a market analysis based on secondary data, it evaluates the results of qualitative and quantitative research based on 9 interviews and 126 online questionnaires to explore the consumers reasoning when choosing products from this category fragrances, skin care or make-up as well as their attitude towards brands, with a special focus on the premium cosmetics brand Lancme. Contrary to our expectations there was no statistically significant positive influence of the online touchpoints within this age segments purchase intention. However, results indicate that Lancme is already being perceived by some as young and modern, but is still suffering the threat of Mass Market brands that are valued by this target, mainly due to a price sensitivity towards premium beauty brands.
