Análise superficial em AFM de filmes finos com gradiente de composição em profundidade obtidos por codeposição catódica

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Física

Application of the EcoBlock method to eco-design - electric hand dryers versus paper towels

Sustainable Construction, Materials and Practice, p. 426-432

Factores de risco para doenças músculo-esqueléticas não específicas no sector das limpezas em ser

The aim of this paper is to characterize complaints in the upper limbs, shoulders, neck and back- lumbar region directly related to musculo-skeletal disorders in a sampling of 114 cleaners from seven cleaning (janitor) companies, operating at eight client organizations. Complaints had been diagnosed as stiffness, any pain, numbness, paraesthesiae, tingling, cold feeling and blanching of at least one finger tip, according to a temporal criteria of symptoms were present now or have been present on at least 4 days during the last 7 days, or symptoms have been present on at least 4 days during at least one week in the last 12 months. It was analyzed the severity of the complaints (interference with current activities) and the simultaneous occurrence of multiple symptoms. The causes of medical consultation in the last year were analyzed (osteo-articular pathology of the vertebral spine, of the upper and lower limbs, depressive syndromes and other complaints of the lower limbs among others). In the end, the relation between persistent complaints and musculo- skeletal pathology related to work activities was analyzed, considering particularly the age of the workers and the existence of osteo-articular pathology.

Validation of NASA rotor 67 with openFOAM's transonic density-based solver

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Compact ion-source based on superionic rubidium silver iodide (RbAg4I5) solid electrolyte

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Física

Estudo da Prevalência da Malária na Mulher Grávida Submetida ao Tratamento Intermitente e Preventivo com Sulfadoxina e Pirimetamina e sua Associação com Anemia

A malária é causada por parasitas de género Plasmodium e transmitida por mosquitos fêmea do género Anopheles. A doença é endémica em regiões tropicais e intertropicais e constituí uma das maiores causas de morbilidade e mortalidade principalmente no continente Africano. Segundo os dados da OMS ocorrem anualmente 300 a 500 milhões de casos clínicos e um milhão de mortes. Durante a gravidez, a malária é frequente e mais grave, com maior incidência nos países da África subsaariana. As mulheres grávidas têm maior risco de contrair a doença e muitas vezes em formas mais graves com associação à anemia. O objectivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a ocorrência dos casos de malária em mulheres grávidas submetidas ao tratamento intermitente preventivo (TIP) com a Sulfadoxina/ Pirimetamina (SP) nas Províncias de Benguela e Huíla. Neste estudo constatamos que todas as grávidas que participaram tinham tido episódios de malária antes da gravidez quer na província de Benguela tal como na província da Huíla. No total, 633 mulheres grávidas foram analisadas e apresentavam um valor de hemoglobina abaixo dos 14g/dl. A prevalência de malária em grávidas sujeitas a TIP foi significativamente menor (p< 0.01) do que nas grávidas que não a fizeram, respectivamente 4,5% e 10,0%, conforme esperado e descrito anteriormente por outros autores. Todos os casos de malária detectados corresponderam a Plasmodium falciparum, não se tendo verificado nenhuma infecção mista, de acordo com os métodos utilizados. O valor médio da hemoglobina nas grávidas foi inferior ao esperado em grávidas seguidas em consulta pré-natal, e existe uma diferença significativa entre os valores encontrados na Província de Benguela e da Huíla (significativamente mais elevados nesta última). O teste rápido Paracheck-pf detectou a presença de Plasmodium falciparum em maior número do que a microscopia óptica. Por constrangimentos logísticos, o número de amostras submetidas a teste molecular (PCR) não foi suficiente para se tirarem conclusões.

Share and Strife - The Strait of Melaka and the Portuguese (16th and 17th centuries)

The Strait of Melaka is the longest strait in the world, stretching for about 800 km from the northern tip of Sumatra to Singapore. It exhibits a dual character like no other, being simultaneously a privileged linking passage of two seas and two knots of human civilization – India and China – and a »bottleneck« that constrains the maritime connections between them. Today, the latter aspect is globally dominant. The strait is considered and analysed mostly as an obstacle rather than a linking point: how to reach China from the West or elsewhere is no longer an issue, but securing the vital flows that pass into the strait on a daily basis undoubtedly is. Accidents, natural catastrophes, political local crises or terrorist attacks are permanent dangers that could cut this umbilical cord of world trade and jeopardize a particularly sensitive and vulnerable area; piracy and pollution are the most common local threats and vulnerabilities.

Ion-beam sources based on superionic solid electrolytes

An ion emitter consisting of a sharp silver tip covered in RbAg4I5 solid electrolyte film has been developed and studied. An accelerating potential is applied and Ag+ ions are emitted from the tip’s apex by field evaporation. The emitted ions are collected by a Faraday cup, producing a current on the pico/nanoampere level which is read by an electrometer. The tips were produced mechanically by sandpaper polishing. The sharpest tip produced had a 2:4 m apex radius. Two deposition methods were studied: thermal vacuum and pulsed laser deposition. The best tip produced a peak current value of 96nA at 180oC, and a quasi-stable 4nA emission current at 160oC, both using an extraction potential of 10kV . The emission dependence on time, temperature and accelerating potential has been studied. Deposited films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), profilometry, optical and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) measurements. Several ion emitters were developed, the latter ones were all able to maintain stable high ion emissions for long periods of time. This investigation was a continuation of an ongoing project backed by the European Space Agency, with the objective of making a proof of concept of this kind of ion emitter with potential application on ion thrusters for orbiting satellites. Going forward, it would be interesting to make a finer analysis of the electrolyte’s conductivity at high temperatures, explore Wien Effect-based emission and to further develop a multi-tip ion emitter prototype.