The Transversarium-Bifurcatus Zone boundary at Rocha (Peral area, East-Central Algarve, Portugal)

This paper represents the first detailed study of the Transversarium-Bifurcatus Zone boundary in the Algarve. The boundary studied in the Peral area is associated with a stratigraphic discontinuity, whose hiatus partially affects the Transversarium-Bifurcatus Zones. A discontinuity was also recognized in the Bifurcatus-Birnammatum Zone boundary, which can be correlated with the traces of a Type II unconformity, which separates cycles 4.3-4.4 in HAQ et al. (1987), present on the South Iberian palaeomargin. An analysis was made of the ecostratigraphic evolution in the interval between the uppermost Transversarium Zone and the lower part of the Bimammatum Zone on the basis of the faunal spectra obtained. We conclude that ammonites are the most tolerant cephalopods to the ecological stress caused by the increase of inflows and the decrease of the shelf's ecospace. Benthic fauna decreased considerably in these conditions. A relatively abundant and diversified fauna ofDichotomoceras is noteworthy among the ammonites collected, as this genus was previously little known in the Algarve.

Macroeconomic impacts of politics and policy: Applications to financial and real markets

A PhD Dissertation, presented as part of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the NOVA - School of Business and Economics

Evaluation of uv spectrophotometry for estimation of nitrite and nitrate in nitrified urine

Water is a limited resource for which demand is growing. Contaminated water from inadequate wastewater treatment provides one of the greatest health challenges as it restricts development and increases poverty in emerging and developing countries. Therefore, the connection between wastewater and human health is linked to access to sanitation and to human waste disposal. Adequate sanitation is expected to create a barrier between disposed human excreta and sources of drinking water. Different approaches to wastewater management are required for different geographical regions and different stages of economic governance depending on the capacity to manage wastewater. Effective wastewater management can contribute to overcome the challenges of water scarcity. Separate collection of human urine at its source is one promising approach that strongly reduces the economic and load demands on wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Treatment of source-separated urine appears as a sanitation system that is affordable, produces a valuable fertiliser, reduces pollution of water resources and promotes health. However, the technical realisation of urine separation still faces challenges. Biological hydrolysis of urea causes a strong increase of ammonia and pH. Under these conditions ammonia volatilises which can cause odour problems and significant nitrogen losses. The above problems can be avoided by urine stabilisation. Biological nitrification is a suitable process for stabilisation of urine. Urine is a highly concentrated nutrient solution which can lead to strong inhibition effects during bacterial nitrification. This can further lead to process instabilities. The major cause of instability is accumulation of the inhibitory intermediate compound nitrite, which could lead to process breakdown. Enhanced on-line nitrite monitoring can be applied in biological source-separated urine nitrification reactors as a sustainable and efficient way to improve the reactor performance, avoiding reactor failures and eventual loss of biological activity. Spectrophotometry appears as a promising candidate for the development and application of on-line nitrite monitoring. Spectroscopic methods together with chemometrics are presented in this work as a powerful tool for estimation of nitrite concentrations. Principal component regression (PCR) is applied for the estimation of nitrite concentrations using an immersible UV sensor and off-line spectra acquisition. The effect of particles and the effect of saturation, respectively, on the UV absorbance spectra are investigated. The analysis allows to conclude that (i) saturation has a substantial effect on nitrite estimation; (ii) particles appear to have less impact on nitrite estimation. In addition, improper mixing together with instabilities in the urine nitrification process appears to significantly reduce the performance of the estimation model.

Caracterização dos beneficiários do Programa De volta para casa de Belo Horizonte/MG/Brasil quanto à autonomia e comportamento social

RESUMO: INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVOS: Trata-se de estudo transversal descritivo, em etapa única, cujo objetivo foi traçar o perfil dos beneficiários do Programa De volta para casa (PVC), munícipes de Belo Horizonte / Minas Gerais / Brasil, quanto ás habilidades de vida independente (autonomia) e comportamento social. MÉTODO: O universo inicial de beneficiários era de 210, em julho de 2013, data de aprovação do protocolo. Por questões operacionais, o público-alvo considerado e estudado foi de 121 beneficiários. Foram utilizados como instrumentos as escalas Independent Living Skills Survey (ILSS) e Social Behavior Scale (SBS). Foi feita a análise estatística dos dados e os resultados foram analisados à luz do paradigma emergente de produção social da saúde. RESULTADOS: Considerando o total válido estudado de 121 beneficiários, os resultados revelaram que 82,4% apresentam diagnóstico de esquizofrenia e 62% eram do sexo masculino. Apresentaram média de idade de 57,9 anos e tempo médio de internação psiquiátrica antes de inserção no programa de 30,9 anos. Quanto à autonomia, os resultados da ILSS revelaram uma média global de 1,6 sendo que os melhores índices foram alcançados nos subitens Cuidados pessoais (2,69), Alimentação (2,53), Saúde (2,07) e os piores índices foram encontrados nos subitens Emprego (0,47), Lazer (0,86) e Preparo e armazenamento de alimentos (0,98). Quanto aos problemas no comportamento social, os resultados da SBS revelaram uma média global de 0,69 sendo que as áreas de maiores dificuldade foram: Rir ou falar sozinho (40,5%), Incoerência da fala (29%), Auto-cuidado precário e Pouca atividade (ambas com 25,6% cada). As áreas de menores dificuldades, ainda quanto à SBS, foram: Idéias suicidas 92,4%), Comportamento sexual inapropriado (7,4%) e Depressão (9,9%). CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que o perfil dos beneficiários do PVC, quanto à autonomia e aos problemas de comportamento social, aponta para médias relativamente baixas. O desafio para o enfrentamento desta questão deverá considerar estratégias múltiplas de ação à luz do paradigma emergente de saúde e da reabilitação psicossocial que priorize o empoderamento e protagonismo do beneficiário. É necessário o desenvolvimento de outros estudos que ampliem o evidenciamento desta clientela no que tange às suas reais necessidades e potencialidades para que se possa efetivar o ajuste necessário para a legitimação do programa enquanto ação efetivo-eficaz de promoção de saúde.-------------ABSTRACT: descriptive cross-sectional study in a single stage was conducted to investigate independent living skills and social behavior profile of beneficiaries of Programa De Volta para casa (PVC) who live in Belo Horizonte/Minas Gerais/Brazil. METHODS: The target population included a total of 210 individuals in july 2013, when the study was approved by the ethics committees. Because of operational reasons only 121 individuals were evaluated. Data were collected using the Independent Living Skills Survey (ILSS) and the Social Behavior Scale (SBS). Statistical results were analyzed considering as a reference framework both the emerging paradigm of social health production. RESULTS: Considering a sample of 121 individuals, results revealed that 82.4% were diagnosed with schizophrenia, and 62% were male. The mean age was 57.9 years and the mean stay in the psychiatric hospital prior to PVC was 30.9 years. Independent living skills measured by ILSS revealed a global mean of 1.6, and the best scores were in the following subscales: personal care (2.69), feeding (2.53) and health (2.07). On the other hand, the worst scores were in the following subscales: employment (0.47), leisure (0.86) and food preparation (0.98). Impairment of social functioning measured by SBS revealed a global mean of 0.69, and the best scores were in the following subscales: laughing and talking by itself (40.5%), conversation: incoherence (29%), appearance and personal hygiene (25.6%), and idleness (25.6%). The worst scores were in the following subscales: suicidal ideations (92.4%), improper sexual behavior (7.4%), and depression (9.9%). CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the profile of PVC beneficiaries, regarding their autonomy and their problems of social behavior, points to a relatively low average. The challenge of facing this issue should consider multiple strategies of intervention that prioritizes the empowerment and leadership of the beneficiaries, based on the emerging paradigm of health and psychosocial rehabilitation as a reference framework. The development of other studies that expand the evidencing of this target population with respect to their real needs and capabilities in order to carry out the necessary adjustments for the legitimacy of the program as effective health promotion action is required.

The determinants of Foreign Direct Investments attraction in Portugal and Spain: A comparative analysis

Double Degree. A Work Project presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Master Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics and a Master Degree in Business Engineering from Louvain School of Management

Stops and bonanzas in the EU: Does being part of the Euro Area make a difference?

In this paper, we investigate whether being part of the euro area influences the conditional probability of going through a sudden stop or a bonanza of capital flows. Our sample period is from 1995 until 2014. We identify these two phenomena and we evaluate which push and pull factors help predict the conditional probability of experiencing one of them. We find that most countries had significant capital inflows until 2008 and that there were more sudden stops during the recent financial crisis than in any other moment in our sample. The factors that better help forecast the conditional probability of a sudden stop are global uncertainty (represented by the push factor “Volatility Index”), and the domestic economic activity (pull factors “GDP growth” and “consumer confidence”). An indicator of country risk (pull factor “change in credit rating”) is the most significant one for predicting bonanzas. Ultimately, we find no evidence that being part of the euro area influences the conditional probability of going through a sudden stop or a bonanza.