Enriquecer a competência sociocultural com os vídeos publicitários

O presente relatório visa investigar o contributo da utilização de vídeos publicitários como forma de desenvolver a competência sociocultural. Para isso, no primeiro capítulo, é feito um enquadramento teórico onde são abordados o(s) conceito(s) e tipos de cultura bem como aspetos relacionados com a importância dos conteúdos culturais e da competência sociocultural no ensino das línguas. É também feita uma análise das vantagens e desvantagens do uso dos audiovisuais como recurso didático e uma reflexão sobre a utilização dos vídeos publicitários em contexto de sala de aula. No segundo capítulo é feita a caracterização da Escola Secundária António Inácio da Cruz, onde foi realizada a Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, e uma descrição das turmas com as quais se trabalhou. Por fim, são descritas algumas das atividades trabalhadas em contexto de sala de aula, sobre as quais refletimos também.

Analyzing Geospatial patterns of syrian refugee flows in southeastern Turkey by use of remote sensing and complementary data

Crisis-affected communities and global organizations for international aid are becoming increasingly digital as consequence geotechnology popularity. Humanitarian sector changed in profound ways by adopting new technical approach to obtain information from area with difficult geographical or political access. Since 2011, turkey is hosting a growing number of Syrian refugees along southeastern region. Turkish policy of hosting them in camps and the difficulty created by governors to international aid group expeditions to get information, made such international organizations to investigate and adopt other approach in order to obtain information needed. They intensified its remote sensing approach. However, the majority of studies used very high-resolution satellite imagery (VHRSI). The study area is extensive and the temporal resolution of VHRSI is low, besides it is infeasible only using these sensors as unique approach for the whole area. The focus of this research, aims to investigate the potentialities of mid-resolution imagery (here only Landsat) to obtain information from region in crisis (here, southeastern Turkey) through a new web-based platform called Google Earth Engine (GEE). Hereby it is also intended to verify GEE currently reliability once the Application Programming Interface (API) is still in beta version. The finds here shows that the basic functions are trustworthy. Results pointed out that Landsat can recognize change in the spectral resolution clearly only for the first settlement. The ongoing modifications vary for each case. Overall, Landsat demonstrated high limitations, but need more investigations and may be used, with restriction, as a support of VHRSI.

La importancia de la competencia sociocultural: propuesta de actividades para su desarrollo en alumnos portugueses del 3.º ciclo de Enseñanza Básica y Enseñanza Secundaria

Este estudio pretende valorar la competencia sociocultural, presentando un abanico de actividades para desarrollarla en clase con nuestros alumnos. Asimismo se mostrará cómo un profesor puede y debe ser un mediador en la transmisión y adquisición de contenidos socioculturales. Para ello, en el primer capítulo se da la definición del término cultura, analizando la importancia de su integración en las clases de lengua y presentando la evolución del estudio de contenidos socioculturales en la didáctica de idiomas. Se analizará igualmente la relevancia dada hoy en día a los contenidos socioculturales en los documentos oficiales, el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia, el Plan Curricular del Instituto Cervantes y el Programa de Español del Ministerio de Educación Portugués. A continuación, definimos el concepto de interculturalidad e incidimos en el papel del profesor en la eliminación de estereotipos, prejuicios y malentendidos, en el descubrimiento de uno mismo y en la tolerancia por los demás, resaltando también la importancia de la intraculturalidad en las clases de lengua materna y terminando el capítulo con algunos aspectos socioculturales españoles, indispensables para la formación de un alumno de español. En un segundo capítulo, se presenta el Instituto de Ciências Educativas – institución privada en la que se realizó la Práctica Supervisionada de Español - , y se procede igualmente a la caracterización de los grupos. Finalmente, se presentan algunas de las actividades más significativas para el tema de estudio y su respectiva reflexión.

Evolutionary dynamics of Chlamydia trachomatis genome and identification of molecular patterns of hypothetical protein coding genes

The obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is a human pathogen of major public health significance. Strains can be classified into 15 main serovars (A to L3) that preferentially cause ocular infections (A-C), genital infections (D-K) or lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) (L1-L3), but the molecular basis behind their distinct tropism, ecological success and pathogenicity is not welldefined. Most chlamydial research demands culture in eukaryotic cell lines, but it is not known if stains become laboratory adapted. By essentially using genomics and transcriptomics, we aimed to investigate the evolutionary patterns underlying the adaptation of C. trachomatis to the different human tissues, given emphasis to the identification of molecular patterns of genes encoding hypothetical proteins, and to understand the adaptive process behind the C. trachomatis in vivo to in vitro transition. Our results highlight a positive selection-driven evolution of C. trachomatis towards nichespecific adaptation, essentially targeting host-interacting proteins, namely effectors and inclusion membrane proteins, where some of them also displayed niche-specific expression patterns. We also identified potential "ocular-specific" pseudogenes, and pointed out the major gene targets of adaptive mutations associated with LGV infections. We further observed that the in vivo-derived genetic makeup of C. trachomatis is not significantly compromised by its long-term laboratory propagation. In opposition, its introduction in vitro has the potential to affect the phenotype, likely yielding virulence attenuation. In fact, we observed a "genital-specific" rampant inactivation of the virulence gene CT135, which may impact the interpretation of data derived from studies requiring culture. Globally, the findings presented in this Ph.D. thesis contribute for the understanding of C.trachomatis adaptive evolution and provides new insights into the biological role of C. trachomatishypothetical proteins. They also launch research questions for future functional studies aiming toclarify the determinants of tissue tropism, virulence or pathogenic dissimilarities among C. trachomatisstrains.