Análise do WOM no contexto de um evento promocional inesperado

A acção promocional inesperada promovida pela cadeia de supermercados Pingo Doce do dia 1 de Maio de 2012 foi o ponto de partida para a recolha de dados acerca do passa-­‐palavra (WOM) gerado por esta campanha. Assim, a presente dissertação analisa o WOM neste contexto específico, adaptando a escala de medida de WOM validada por Goyette et al. (2010), pretendendo também compreender os factores que o determinam. Através de análise factorial confirmatória foi possível validar a escala considerando três constituintes do WOM: a intensidade, a valência positiva e o conteúdo. Foi ainda possível concluir que o factor intensidade é o que tem um maior impacto no WOM, sendo a valência positiva o que tem menor peso factorial. A análise dos factores antecedentes ao WOM e das características individuais dos respondentes, realizada posteriormente, permitiu ainda verificar se grupos de respondentes diferentes tinham comportamentos de WOM diferentes. Assim, concluiu-­‐ se que os antecedentes ao WOM (forma de conhecimento da campanha, comportamento de ida à loja no dia da campanha e mudança da opinião geral acerca do Pingo Doce) têm grande importância para explicar o WOM, a sua intensidade, a valência positiva e o seu conteúdo. Verificou-­‐se que diferentes grupos de respondentes têm valores significativamente diferentes relativamente a cada um destes factores latentes. Já no que toca às características individuais dos respondentes (género, idade e nível de escolaridade), verificou-­‐se que o seu impacto no WOM e nas dimensões consideradas não é tão significativo, continuando no entanto a estar associadas a estas. Neste caso, a idade e o nível de escolaridade dos respondentes são as características com maior impacto na caracterização do WOM e das suas dimensões.

How different generations contact and search for brands on social media? Comparing gen X and Y

This research intends to examine if there were significant differences on the brand engagement and on the electronic word of mouth (e-WOM)1 referral intention through Facebook between Generation X and Generation Y (also called millennials). Also, this study intends to examine if there are differences in the motivations that drive these generations to interact with brands through Facebook. Results indicated that Generation Y members consumed more content on Facebook brands’ pages than Generation X. Also, they were more likely to have an e-WOM referral intention as well as being more driven by brand affiliation and opportunity seeking. Finally, currently employed individuals were found to contribute with more content than students. This study fills the gap in the literature by addressing how marketing professionals should market their brand and interact and engage with their customers, based on customers’ generational cohort.

The antecedents of post-initial adoption behavior in a S-D logic context

Repercussions of innovation adoption and diffusion studies have long been imperative to the success of novel introductions. However, perceptions and deductions of current innovation understandings have been changing over time. The paradigm shift from the goods-dominant (G-D) logic to the service-dominant (S-D) logic potentially makes the distinction between product (goods) innovation and service innovation redundant as the S-D logic lens views all innovations as service innovations (Vargo and Lusch, 2004; 2008; Lusch and Nambisan, 2015). From this perspective, product innovations are in essence service innovations, as goods serve as mere distribution mechanisms to deliver service. Nonetheless, the transition to such a broadened and transcending view of service innovation necessitates concurrently a change in the underlying models used to investigate innovation and its subsequent adoption. The present research addresses this gap by engendering a novel model for the most crucial period of service diffusion within the S-D logic context – the post-initial adoption phase, which demarcates an individual’s behavior after the initial adoption decision of a service. As a wellfounded understanding of service diffusion and the complementary innovation adoption still lingers in its infancy, the current study develops a model based on interdisciplinary domains mapping. Here fore, knowledge of the relatively established viral source domain is mapped to the comparatively undetermined target domain of service innovation adoption. To assess the model and test the importance of the explanatory variables, survey data from 750 respondents of a bank in Northern Germany is scrutinized by means of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings reveal that the continuance intention of a customer, actual usage of the service and the customer influencer value all constitute important postinitial adoption behavior that have meaningful implications for a successful service adoption. Second, the four constructs customer influencer value, organizational commitment, perceived usefulness and service customization are evidenced to have a differential impact on a iv customer’s post-initial adoption behavior. Third, this study indicates that post-initial adoption behavior further underlies the influence of a user’s age and besides that is also provoked by the internal and external environments of service adoption. Finally, this research amalgamates the broad view of service innovation by Nambisan and Lusch (2015) with the findings ensuing this enquiry’s model to arrive at a framework that it both, generalizable and practically applicable. Implications for academia and practitioners are captured along with avenues for future research.