Gestão de consumos de água em campi universitários

Organizações de todos os tipos e dimensões têm desenvolvido e implementado Sistemas de Gestão Ambiental (SGA), com o objectivo de melhorar o seu desempenho ambiental, garantir o cumprimento da legislação, reduzir o consumo de recursos e melhorar a imagem nos mercados e na sociedade. A implementação de um SGA numa Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) permite a integração das questões ambientais na gestão global da instituição, constituindo ainda uma excelente oportunidade para o desenvolvimento de trabalhos académicos. Nos últimos anos, a Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa (FCT-UNL) tem sido objecto de várias iniciativas de índole ambiental. O Projecto Campus Verde tem trabalhado no sentido de implementar e certificar um SGA no campus da FCT-UNL, de acordo com os requisitos da norma NP EN ISO 14001:2004 e do Sistema Comunitário de Ecogestão e Auditoria (EMAS). Esta dissertação pretende fornecer orientações para IES que pretendam gerir o consumo de água nos seus campi, no âmbito da implementação de um SGA. Mediante a análise do caso de estudo, pretende-se determinar em que medida a implementação de um SGA numa IES pode contribuir para uma melhoria do desempenho ambiental da instituição, nomeadamente ao nível deste aspecto ambiental. A partir da experiência obtida com o caso de estudo, pretende-se, ainda,identificar os principais obstáculos à implementação de SGA em IES. Concluiu-se que a gestão dos consumos de água de uma IES no âmbito de um SGA conduz à melhoria do seu desempenho ambiental. Concluiu-se, ainda, que existem semelhanças entre as medidas propostas para a minimização dos consumos de água no campus da FCT e as medidas já adoptadas em outras IES, tidas como referências na gestão dos seus aspectos ambientais, o que revela a possibilidade de se criarem sinergias entre instituições desta natureza que pretendam implementar um SGA. Finalmente, resumiram-se os obstáculos encontrados à implementação de SGA em IES.

Analysis and visualization of energy use for university campus

The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is one of the big global challenges for the next decades due to its severe impact on the atmosphere that leads to a change in the climate and other environmental factors. One of the main sources of greenhouse gas is energy consumption, therefore a number of initiatives and calls for awareness and sustainability in energy use are issued among different types of institutional and organizations. The European Council adopted in 2007 energy and climate change objectives for 20% improvement until 2020. All European countries are required to use energy with more efficiency. Several steps could be conducted for energy reduction: understanding the buildings behavior through time, revealing the factors that influence the consumption, applying the right measurement for reduction and sustainability, visualizing the hidden connection between our daily habits impacts on the natural world and promoting to more sustainable life. Researchers have suggested that feedback visualization can effectively encourage conservation with energy reduction rate of 18%. Furthermore, researchers have contributed to the identification process of a set of factors which are very likely to influence consumption. Such as occupancy level, occupants behavior, environmental conditions, building thermal envelope, climate zones, etc. Nowadays, the amount of energy consumption at the university campuses are huge and it needs great effort to meet the reduction requested by European Council as well as the cost reduction. Thus, the present study was performed on the university buildings as a use case to: a. Investigate the most dynamic influence factors on energy consumption in campus; b. Implement prediction model for electricity consumption using different techniques, such as the traditional regression way and the alternative machine learning techniques; and c. Assist energy management by providing a real time energy feedback and visualization in campus for more awareness and better decision making. This methodology is implemented to the use case of University Jaume I (UJI), located in Castellon, Spain.

Is there a potential win for companies when women enrich their role of workers through the enrichement of their family lives?

While the work-family relation conflict literature has received much attention, there is a lack of empirical evidence towards work-family positive relation. Furthermore, there is a lack of understanding and recognition of possible benefits obtained by skills’ development during maternity. This study concludes that a family-work relation has a positive outcome, namely the enrichment. It was evident that there is a potential win when women enrich their role as workers through the enrichment of their family lives. Moreover, this enrichment is perceived by mothers along the development of their children; each age and phase have different challenges and enable different skills’ improvement. The findings support the notion that not all work and family experiences are negative and experiences from the work and home can improve outcomes both inside and outside the workplace.