5 resultados para Methods for Multi-criteria Evaluation
em RUN (Repositório da Universidade Nova de Lisboa) - FCT (Faculdade de Cienecias e Technologia), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Portugal
Resumo:
Geographic information systems give us the possibility to analyze, produce, and edit geographic information. Furthermore, these systems fall short on the analysis and support of complex spatial problems. Therefore, when a spatial problem, like land use management, requires a multi-criteria perspective, multi-criteria decision analysis is placed into spatial decision support systems. The analytic hierarchy process is one of many multi-criteria decision analysis methods that can be used to support these complex problems. Using its capabilities we try to develop a spatial decision support system, to help land use management. Land use management can undertake a broad spectrum of spatial decision problems. The developed decision support system had to accept as input, various formats and types of data, raster or vector format, and the vector could be polygon line or point type. The support system was designed to perform its analysis for the Zambezi river Valley in Mozambique, the study area. The possible solutions for the emerging problems had to cover the entire region. This required the system to process large sets of data, and constantly adjust to new problems needs. The developed decision support system, is able to process thousands of alternatives using the analytical hierarchy process, and produce an output suitability map for the problems faced.
Resumo:
The study of Quality of Life (Qol) has been conducted on various scales throughout the years with focus on assessing overall quality of living amongst citizens. The main focus in these studies have been on economic factors, with the purpose of creating a Quality of Life Index (QLI).When it comes down to narrowing the focus to the environment and factors like Urban Green Spaces (UGS) and air quality the topic gets more focused on pointing out how each alternative meets this certain criteria. With the benefits of UGS and a healthy environment in focus a new Environmental Quality of Life Index (EQLI) will be proposed by incorporating Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Working with MCA on complex environmental problems and incorporating it with GIS is a challenging but rewarding task, and has proven to be an efficient approach among environmental scientists. Background information on three MCA methods will be shown: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Regime Analysis and PROMETHEE. A survey based on a previous study conducted on the status of UGS within European cities was sent to 18 municipalities in the study area. The survey consists of evaluating the current status of UGS as well as planning and management of UGS with in municipalities for the purpose of getting criteria material for the selected MCA method. The current situation of UGS is assessed with use of GIS software and change detection is done on a 10 year period using NDVI index for comparison purposes to one of the criteria in the MCA. To add to the criteria, interpolation of nitrogen dioxide levels was performed with ordinary kriging and the results transformed into indicator values. The final outcome is an EQLI map with indicators of environmentally attractive municipalities with ranking based on predefinedMCA criteria using PROMETHEE I pairwise comparison and PROMETHEE II complete ranking of alternatives. The proposed methodology is applied to Lisbons Metropolitan Area, Portugal.
Resumo:
The processes of mobilization of land for infrastructures of public and private domain are developed according to proper legal frameworks and systematically confronted with the impoverished national situation as regards the cadastral identification and regularization, which leads to big inefficiencies, sometimes with very negative impact to the overall effectiveness. This project report describes Ferbritas Cadastre Information System (FBSIC) project and tools, which in conjunction with other applications, allow managing the entire life-cycle of Land Acquisition and Cadastre, including support to field activities with the integration of information collected in the field, the development of multi-criteria analysis information, monitoring all information in the exploration stage, and the automated generation of outputs. The benefits are evident at the level of operational efficiency, including tools that enable process integration and standardization of procedures, facilitate analysis and quality control and maximize performance in the acquisition, maintenance and management of registration information and expropriation (expropriation projects). Therefore, the implemented system achieves levels of robustness, comprehensiveness, openness, scalability and reliability suitable for a structural platform. The resultant solution, FBSIC, is a fit-for-purpose cadastre information system rooted in the field of railway infrastructures. FBSIC integrating nature of allows: to accomplish present needs and scale to meet future services; to collect, maintain, manage and share all information in one common platform, and transform it into knowledge; to relate with other platforms; to increase accuracy and productivity of business processes related with land property management.
Resumo:
O presente trabalho faz uma abordagem aos Sistemas de Informao Geogrfica (SIG) e a anlise multicritrio (AMC) para o estudo da acessibilidade da rede escolar do municpio de Humpata, provncia da Hula, situada em Angola. Neste trabalho pretende-se demonstrar as dificuldades de acessibilidade e mobilidade tendo em conta aos principais factores que condicionam a rede escolar e tambm a acessibilidade em termos de oferta e recursos, analisando com algum pormenor as condies de ensino que as escolas oferecem. Por outro lado foram tambm elaborados modelos de velocidade com o objectivo de verificar a distncia-tempo percorrida pelos usurios considerando o declive do terreno. Ficou demonstrado que, para o estudo da acessibilidade da rede escolar, o uso dos SIG e a AMC fornecem resultados com relevncia na tomada de deciso. A AMC conjugada com a lgebra de mapas, permitiu registar as disparidades de acessibilidade entre diferentes povoaes que compem o municpio. Aconselha-se por isso a utilizao de ferramentas de anlise espacial como os SIG, em contextos como o do municpio de Humpata onde os recursos escassos devem ser bem geridos, de forma a levar os servios pblicos e privados maior parte da populao e s povoaes que mais necessitam atravs da localizao ptima dos futuros servios, que no caso das instituies escolares concorrera para garantia do sucesso escolar.
Resumo:
O presente relatrio, inserido no Mestrado em Gesto do Territrio, rea de Especializao em Deteo Remota e Sistemas de Informao Geogrfica, lecionado pelo Departamento de Geografia e Planeamento Regional da Faculdade de Cincias Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, pretende descrever o trabalho desenvolvido pelo mestrando enquanto estagirio no Observatrio do Trfico de Seres Humanos (OTSH). O relatrio est estruturado em trs captulos distintos. No primeiro captulo realizada uma abordagem terica sobre o Trfico de Seres Humanos e a distino entre o mesmo com o Auxlio Imigrao Ilegal. Neste, tambm feita uma pequena referncia problemtica dos novos fluxos de refugiados/migrantes que, no momento da realizao do mesmo, constituem uma questo bastante complexa sobretudo ao nvel europeu. No segundo captulo realizada uma caracterizao da rea de estudo, assim como a descrio dos dados utilizados e a metodologia aplicada no mesmo. No terceiro captulo so apresentados os resultados finais do estudo e a cartografia de sntese que sustenta os mesmos. Para a realizao deste estudo recorreu-se a uma anlise multicritrio em SIG para prever a localizao de reas de maior suscetibilidade de ocorrncia de novos casos relativos ao crime do trfico de seres humanos para explorao laboral na agricultura, na regio do Alentejo (distritos de Beja, vora e Portalegre), atravs do recurso a dados estatsticos disponibilizados tanto pelo OTSH, como por outras entidades. A metodologia apresentada integra um SIG baseado num modelo raster com o Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Atravs da realizao deste estudo, a importncia dos SIG como ferramenta no auxlio ao processo de tomada de deciso, pde ser testada, conjuntamente com o processo metodolgico AHP, atravs dos resultados apresentados. Com um possvel desenvolvimento deste modelo analtico, pretende-se que o mesmo seja adaptvel a outras regies e em ltima instncia, outros tipos de explorao e/ou trfico.
