Regret associated with past and future messes under a maximizing mind-set

Promotions can make you happy if you get the “best” deal or miserable if you miss it. Previous research on this topic has shown that people favor products associated with a past miss to products associated with a future miss, and people in a maximizing mind-set, i.e. people who search for the best in different domains, feel more regret in a consumption domain. This research confirms that consumers prefer purchasing a product associated with a past miss (Experiments 1 and 2) and that regret levels are higher when participants come across the future miss, under the maximizing mind-set (Experiment 2). These studies add to the notion that information on regret might prompt people to make decisions towards a more optimistic outcome.

Continuidade de cuidados numa Unidade de Saúde Familiar : o efeito nos custos

RESUMO - Caracterização do problema: O sistema de saúde português atingiu um patamar de ineficiência tal que urge ser reestruturado de forma a torná-lo sustentável. De forma a atingir este nível de sustentabilidade, uma série de soluções podem ser consideradas das quais destacamos a integração de cuidados. Este conceito exige que os diferentes níveis de saúde sigam um único caminho, trabalhando de forma coordenada e contínua. A integração de cuidados pode ser implementada através de várias tipologias entre as quais se destaca a integração clínica que por sua vez é composta pela continuidade de cuidados. Assim, ao medir a continuidade de cuidados, quantifica-se de certa forma a integração de cuidados. Objetivos: Avaliar o impacto da continuidade de cuidados nos custos. Metodologia: Os dados foram analisados através de estatísticas descritivas para verificar o seu grau de normalidade. Posteriormente foram aplicados testes t-student para analisar a existência de diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as médias das diferentes variáveis. Foi então estudado o grau de associação entre variáveis através da correlação de spearman. Por fim, foi utilizado o modelo de regressão log-linear para verificar a existência de uma relação entre as várias naturezas de custos e os índices de continuidade. Com base neste modelo foram simulados dois cenários para estimar o impacto da maximização da continuidade de cuidados nas várias naturezas de custos. Conclusões: No geral, verifica-se uma relação muito ligeira entre a continuidade de cuidados e os custos. Mais especificamente, uma relação mais duradoura entre o médico e o doente resulta numa poupança de custos, independentemente da tipologia. Analisando a densidade da relação, observa-se uma relação positiva entre a mesma e os custos totais e o custo com Meios Complementares de Diagnóstico e Terapêutica (MCDT). Contudo verifica-se uma relação médico-doente negativa entre a densidade e os custos com medicamentos e com pessoal. Ao analisar o impacto da continuidade de cuidados nos custos, conclui-se que apenas a duração da relação médico-doente tem um impacto negativo em todas as categorias de custos, exceto o custo com medicamentos. A densidade de cuidados tem um impacto negativo apenas no custo com pessoal, influenciando positivamente as outras categorias de custos. Extrapolando para o nível nacional se o nível de densidade de uma relação fosse maximizado, existiria uma poupança de 0,18 euros, por ano, em custos com pessoal.

Predicting the impacts of climate change on the distribution and conservation of endemic forest land snails of Madeira Island

Climate change is emerging as one of the major threats to natural communities of the world’s ecosystems; and biodiversity hotspots, such as Madeira Island, might face a challenging future in the conservation of endangered land snails’ species. With this thesis, progresses have been made in order to properly understand the impact of climate on these vulnerable taxa; and species distribution models coupled with GIS and climate change scenarios have become crucial to understand the relations between species distribution and environmental conditions, identifying threats and determining biodiversity vulnerability. With the use of MaxEnt, important changes in the species suitable areas were obtained. Laurel forest species, highly dependent on precipitation and relative humidity, may face major losses on their future suitable areas, leading to the possible extinction of several endangered species, such as Leiostyla heterodon. Despite the complexity of the biological systems, the intrinsic uncertainty of species distribution models and the lack of information about land snails’ functional traits, this analysis contributed to a pioneer study on the impacts of climate change on endemic species of Madeira Island. The future inclusion of predictions of the effect of climate change on species distribution as part of IUCN assessments could contribute to species prioritizing, promoting specific management actions and maximizing conservation investment.

Sharp's alliances in China

This report presents a case study to be used in courses of negotiation in masters and executive programs. The case studies the topics of the coalitions´ formation and stability from a negotiation analysis perspective, linking it to value creation. Moreover, it illustrates the problem of western companies investing in the Chinese market. The methodology utilized was the construction of a negotiation case, inspired by a real negotiation in the Consumer Electronics industry. Its purpose is to illustrate the value creation problems in coalitions. It is concluded that by maximizing value creation, negotiating parties are more likely to obtain stable coalitions

Bioproduction of succinic acid from renewable feedstocks by Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z

Succinic acid (SA) is a highly versatile building block that is used in a wide range of industrial applications. The biological production of succinic acid has emerged in the last years as an efficient alternative to the chemical production based on fossil fuels. However, in order to fully replace the competing petro-based chemical process from which it has been produced so far, some challenges remain to be surpassed. In particular, one main obstacle would be to reduce its production costs, mostly associated to the use of refined sugars. The present work is focused on the development of a sustainable and cost-e↵ective microbial production process based on cheap and renewable resources, such as agroindustrial wastes. Hence, glycerol and carob pods were identified as promising feedstocks and used as inexpensive carbon sources for the bioproduction of succinic acid by Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z, one of the best naturally producing strains. Even though glycerol is a highly available carbon source, as by-product of biodiesel production, its consumption by A. succinogenes is impaired due to a redox imbalance during cell growth. However, the use of an external electron acceptor such as dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) may improve glycerol metabolism and succinic acid production by this strain. As such, DMSO was tested as a co-substrate for glycerol consumption and concentrations of DMSO between 1 and 4% (v/v) greatly promoted glycerol consumption and SA production by this biocatalyst. Aiming at obtaining higher succinic acid yield and production rate, batch and fed-batch experiments were performed under controlled cultivation conditions. Batch experiments resulted in a succinic acid yield on glycerol of 0.95 g SA/g GLY and a production rate of 2.13 g/L.h, with residual production of acetic and formic acids. In fed-batch experiment, the SA production rate reached 2.31 g/L.h, the highest value reported in the literature for A. succinogenes using glycerol as carbon source. DMSO dramatically improved the conversion of glycerol by A. succinogenes and may be used as a co-substrate, opening new perspectives for the use of glycerol by this biocatalyst. Carob pods, highly available in Portugal as a residue from the locust bean gum industry, contain a significant amount of fermentable sugars such as sucrose, glucose and fructose and were also used as substrate for succinic acid production. Sugar extraction from raw and roasted carobs was optimized varying solid/water ratio and extraction time, maximizing sugar recovery while minimizing the extraction of polyphenols. Kinetic studies of glucose, fructose and sucrose consumption by A. succinogenes as individual carbon sources till 30 g/L were first determined to assess possible metabolic diferences. Results showed no significant diferences related to sugar consumption and SA production between the diferent sugars. Carob pods water extracts were then used as carbon source during controlled batch cultivations. (...)

Should my company use Bitcoin?

This work project analyses the possibility for a company to trade their goods and services for bitcoins, by joining the Bitcoin network. It analyses the technological and business requirements to join the Bitcoin Network by looking at Bitcoin’s potential to act as a mean of exchange for trade, unit of account and store of value. The analysis points to the motives, benefits and risks for investors to use the Bitcoin as a traditional currency and recommends on strategies for addressing those risks and maximizing benefits. Other than companies this report, to a lesser extent, will also analyse the Bitcoin from an investor’s point of view, this is, should an investor buy bitcoins for trade and make savings on a regular and everyday basis? A major finding in this work project is that companies could start using the Bitcoin system as a legit form of payment since the benefits of using this technology outweigh the costs and risks, given the right approach. This form of payment will contribute for the upgrade of a company’s business’ image, attract a new pool of consumers and businesses that already trade in bitcoins and pressure existing financial institutions and electronic payment vendors to upgrade their service levels.