Avatar modeling: a telepresence study with natural user interface

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Modeling of integrated inductors for RF circuit design

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica

Target-specific multiphysics modeling for thermal medicine applications

Dissertation to obtain the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biomedical Engineering

Modeling and visualization of medical anesthesiology acts

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

Classificação de tumores de cancro na mama através de radar de banda ultra-larga de microondas

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica

Valuation of marine and coastal ecosystems: The role of ecological-economic modeling

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Computational modeling of prefrontal cortex circuits

Dissertation presented to obtain the Ph.D degree in Biology

Modelação e análise não-linear do comportamento dinâmico de um passadiço pedonal

Dissertação para obtencão do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil - Perfil Estruturas

Quality of process modeling using BPMN: a model-driven approach

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Engenharia Informática

Machine learning Gaussian short rate

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Estatística e Gestão do Risco

Um elemento finito fisicamente não-linear para vigas mistas aço-betão

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Produção de compósitos Alumínio/NiTi através do processo híbrido de fricção linear

Os compósitos inteligentes de matriz metálica (CIMM) têm sido intensamente explorados nas últimas décadas devido à capacidade destes sistemas poderem alterar as suas propriedades mediante um estímulo externo. As ligas de Níquel-Titânio (Ni-Ti) são materiais inteligentes e desempenham, maioritariamente, funções de atuação ou controlo de vibrações nos sistemas em que se inserem, permitindo que estes apresentem características funcionais. A soldadura por fricção linear (SFL) tem sido uma alternativa aos processos de soldadura por fusão para materiais difíceis de soldar como as ligas de alumínio (AA) ou ainda na ligação de materiais dissimilares. No entanto, devido à ocorrência de defeitos, gerados como consequência do deficiente fluxo visco-plástico produzidos pela SFL, surgiram novas variantes deste processo, como a SFL assistida por corrente elétrica (SFLACE), que, por efeito de Joule, provoca o aquecimento do material processado e, consequente, aumento do fluxo visco-plástico, diminuindo ou eliminando a presença de defeitos. Este trabalho incide na produção de CIMM utilizando chapas de AA1100 reforçadas com Ni-Ti por SFLACE em configuração de junta sobreposta. As interfaces e os fluxos de material resultantes foram analisados recorrendo às técnicas de microscopia ótica (MO), SEM, EDS e difração de raio-x (DRX). O controlo de vibrações do CIMM produzido foi também estudado através de ensaios de vibração à temperatura ambiente, bem como a temperaturas superiores à de fim da formação da fase austenítica, e efetuaram-se ensaios de flexão e pull-out com vista à caracterização mecânica. Observou-se que o compósito produzido apresenta um fator de amortecimento superior quando o reforço se encontra na fase martensítica. O ensaio de pull-out confirmou a existência da ligação entre a matriz e o reforço, igualmente observada por SEM. O compósito produzido apresenta uma forte ligação entre os materiais dissimilares, com franca melhoria no caso das amostras processadas com corrente elétrica, obtendo-se um material com características funcionais.

Amorphous silicon e 3D sensors applied to object detection

Nowadays, existing 3D scanning cameras and microscopes in the market use digital or discrete sensors, such as CCDs or CMOS for object detection applications. However, these combined systems are not fast enough for some application scenarios since they require large data processing resources and can be cumbersome. Thereby, there is a clear interest in exploring the possibilities and performances of analogue sensors such as arrays of position sensitive detectors with the final goal of integrating them in 3D scanning cameras or microscopes for object detection purposes. The work performed in this thesis deals with the implementation of prototype systems in order to explore the application of object detection using amorphous silicon position sensors of 32 and 128 lines which were produced in the clean room at CENIMAT-CEMOP. During the first phase of this work, the fabrication and the study of the static and dynamic specifications of the sensors as well as their conditioning in relation to the existing scientific and technological knowledge became a starting point. Subsequently, relevant data acquisition and suitable signal processing electronics were assembled. Various prototypes were developed for the 32 and 128 array PSD sensors. Appropriate optical solutions were integrated to work together with the constructed prototypes, allowing the required experiments to be carried out and allowing the achievement of the results presented in this thesis. All control, data acquisition and 3D rendering platform software was implemented for the existing systems. All these components were combined together to form several integrated systems for the 32 and 128 line PSD 3D sensors. The performance of the 32 PSD array sensor and system was evaluated for machine vision applications such as for example 3D object rendering as well as for microscopy applications such as for example micro object movement detection. Trials were also performed involving the 128 array PSD sensor systems. Sensor channel non-linearities of approximately 4 to 7% were obtained. Overall results obtained show the possibility of using a linear array of 32/128 1D line sensors based on the amorphous silicon technology to render 3D profiles of objects. The system and setup presented allows 3D rendering at high speeds and at high frame rates. The minimum detail or gap that can be detected by the sensor system is approximately 350 μm when using this current setup. It is also possible to render an object in 3D within a scanning angle range of 15º to 85º and identify its real height as a function of the scanning angle and the image displacement distance on the sensor. Simple and not so simple objects, such as a rubber and a plastic fork, can be rendered in 3D properly and accurately also at high resolution, using this sensor and system platform. The nip structure sensor system can detect primary and even derived colors of objects by a proper adjustment of the integration time of the system and by combining white, red, green and blue (RGB) light sources. A mean colorimetric error of 25.7 was obtained. It is also possible to detect the movement of micrometer objects using the 32 PSD sensor system. This kind of setup offers the possibility to detect if a micro object is moving, what are its dimensions and what is its position in two dimensions, even at high speeds. Results show a non-linearity of about 3% and a spatial resolution of < 2µm.

Predictive analytical and numerical modeling for orthogonal cutting

In this thesis, a predictive analytical and numerical modeling approach for the orthogonal cutting process is proposed to calculate temperature distributions and subsequently, forces and stress distributions. The models proposed include a constitutive model for the material being cut based on the work of Weber, a model for the shear plane based on Merchants model, a model describing the contribution of friction based on Zorev’s approach, a model for the effect of wear on the tool based on the work of Waldorf, and a thermal model based on the works of Komanduri and Hou, with a fraction heat partition for a non-uniform distribution of the heat in the interfaces, but extended to encompass a set of contributions to the global temperature rise of chip, tool and work piece. The models proposed in this work, try to avoid from experimental based values or expressions, and simplifying assumptions or suppositions, as much as possible. On a thermo-physical point of view, the results were affected not only by the mechanical or cutting parameters chosen, but also by their coupling effects, instead of the simplifying way of modeling which is to contemplate only the direct effect of the variation of a parameter. The implementation of these models was performed using the MATLAB environment. Since it was possible to find in the literature all the parameters for AISI 1045 and AISI O2, these materials were used to run the simulations in order to avoid arbitrary assumption.