Development of paper transistor with memory effect

This work will discuss the use of different paper membranes as both the substrate and dielectric for field-effect memory transistors. Three different nanofibrillated cellulose membranes (NFC) were used as the dielectric layer of the memory transistors (NFC), one with no additives, one with an added polymer PAE and one with added HCl. Gallium indium zinc oxide (GIZO) was used as the device’s semiconductor and gallium aluminium zinc oxide (GAZO) was used as the gate electrode. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to access the water content of the paper membranes before and after vacuum. It was found that the devices recovered their water too quickly for a difference to be noticeable in FTIR. The transistor’s electrical performance tests yielded a maximum ION/IOFF ratio of around 3,52x105 and a maximum subthreshold swing of 0,804 V/decade. The retention time of the dielectric charge that grants the transistor its memory capabilities was accessed by the measurement of the drain current periodically during 144 days. During this period the mean drain current did not lower, leaving the retention time of the device indeterminate. These results were compared with similar devices revealing these devices to be at the top tier of the state-of-the-art.

Susceptibility and prognostic factors in portuguese patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

ABSTRACT: Objectives: This study aimed to confirm whether 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of selected genes are also associated with susceptibility for Juvenile idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) in thePortuguese population. Methods: Our study was conducted on Reuma.pt, the Rheumatic Diseases Portuguese Register, which includes patients with JIA receiving biological therapies and synthetic Disease Modifying Anti Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) since June 2001. Fifteen SNPs were investigated using Taqman® SNP genotyping assays in 291 Portuguese patients with JIA and 300 ethnically matched healthy controls. Results: Prior to Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, significant genotype association between one SNP and overall group of JIA was observed (PTPN22 rs2476601). In subgroup analysis, associations between six SNPs and the subgroup of patients with rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive Polyarticular (PTPN2 rs7234029), Extended oligoarticular (PTPN22 rs2476601), Systemic (PTPRC rs10919563, ANGPT1 rs7151781 and TNF rs361525) and Psoriatic JIA (IL2RA/CD25 rs2104286) were found. After Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, 3 genotype associations remained significant in the subgroup of patients with RF-positive polyarticular JIA (PTPN2 rs7234029 [corrected P 0.026]), extended oligoarticular (PTPN22 rs2476601 [corrected P 0.026]) and systemic JIA (ANGPT1 rs7151781 [corrected P 0.039]). Conclusion: Our results provide additional evidence for an association between polymorphisms in genes PTPN2, PTPN22 and ANGPT1 and the risk of RF-positive polyarticular, extended oligoarticular and systemic JIA, respectively, in a Portuguese population.