O Brasil sob a lente dos Direitos Humanos : análise do conteúdo da lei 10.216/2001

RESUMO: O Brasil em 2001 aprovou a Lei de Saúde Mental, n° 10.216, e vem implantando um conjunto de regulamentações focado na atenção integral à saúde e nos Direitos Humanos. Esta pesquisa descritiva tem como intuito conhecer e identificar o conteúdo desta lei, objetivando analisar a abrangência e adequação desse conteúdo a partir do Checklist da OMS (2005) destinado a assegurar os Direitos Humanos assinados em protocolos internacionais. Para tal, um grupo focal foi constituído com diferentes atores envolvidos com a saúde mental no Brasil, em dois encontros, com até duas horas cada. O grupo realizou um debate sobre o conteúdo da Lei 10.216/01, o Checklist foi o roteiro e norteador dos debates, tendo sido considerado minuciosamente cada ponto de checagem da lei. Ao final, buscou-se uma resposta-consenso do grupo a cada item. Optou-se ainda por observar outros dois dados complementares: os discursos públicos do deputado Paulo Delgado e a as recomendações da IV Conferência Nacional de Saúde Mental. A apreciação dos dados foi conduzida por meio de análise de conteúdo, pela qual foi possível identificar 16 temas (a partir dos 27 itens do Checklist) e organizá-los em quatro categorias de análise: Teórico-Conceitual, Técnico-Assistencial, Jurídico-Político e Sociocultural. Ficou evidente que o conteúdo da Lei, em geral, está adequado por conseguir operar e sustentar boa parte das questões da Saúde Mental no Brasil. O texto em si garante e promove os direitos das pessoas com sofrimento mental. Foi possível identificar recomendações para a gestão federal, movimento social e outros atores, tanto para aplicar e interpretar coerentemente a Lei quanto para qualificar a legislação que se desdobra a partir dela. Ficou evidente a importância da CRPD – Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, cuja aplicação à saúde mental tem sido pouco debatida no Brasil.-----------------ABSTRACT: In 2001 Brazil approved the Mental Health Law, number 10.216 and has been implanting, a group of regulations focused on the attention to health and Human Rights. This descriptive research intends to get to know and identify the contents of the above mentioned law, in order to analyze its scope and conformity to the OMS’ Checklist (2005) in assuring the Human Rights signed in international protocols. For such a proposition, a focal checking group was formed by different actors involved in mental health in Brazil, in two meetings, during average to two hours each. The group has realized a debate on the contents of the Law 10.216/2001, the Checklist from OMS, was the script and the north for the debates considering each check point of the law. At the end, a consensual group answer was given to each of the items on the checklist. Decided to observe two other complementary data: the public speeches by Deputy Paulo Delgado and the recommendations of the IV National Conference on Mental health. The Data appreciation, conducted through the analysis of the contents: it was possible to identify 17 themes (based on the 27 items on the Checklist) and organize them into four categories: Theoretical-Conceptual, Technical-Assistance, Legal-Politics and Sociocultural. It is clear that generally the law’s content is adequate; it can operate and sustain a big part of the mental health issues in Brazil. The text itself ensures and promotes the rights of the ones with mental disorder. It was possible to identify recommendations for the federal management, social movement and other actors, both to apply and interpret the law consistently as to qualify the legislation that unfolds from it. It was evident the importance of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities-CRPD, whose application to mental health have been little debated in Brazil.

As dificuldades dos pequenos restaurantes do norte do Brasil: um estudo de caso no Sabor & Arte na cidade de São Miguel do Guamá

Este trabalho é um estudo de caso que ilustra o cenário da maioria das empresas de serviços alimentícios no norte do Brasil em que, geralmente, os estabelecimentos das pequenas e médias empresas não cumprem os padrões legalmente exigidos para funcionamento. Descreve a consultoria realizada no restaurante Sabor & Arte, localizado na cidade de São Miguel do Guamá, Pará, Brasil, na sequência de um pedido endereçado ao SEBRAE pelos responsáveis da empresa. Através de check-lists baseados na legislação relativa a este tipo de estabelecimento, verificaram-se as deficiências e não conformidades mais aparentes da empresa. Além disso, foram realizadas pesquisas descritivo-conclusivas para que se chegasse a conclusões concretas sobre a realidade da organização. Os resultados dessas pesquisas apontaram as necessidades e falhas do empreendimento. Esses dados foram a base para a criação de um plano de ação que corrigisse os problemas identificados a fim de incrementar a lucratividade do negócio. Para o estudo adotou-se o modelo de Gestão Integrada por Resultados com Foco em Competências (GIRFC), desenvolvido pela empresa de consultoria Gestão e Inovação Empresarial (Belém, Pará, Brasil) que objetiva ultrapassar deficiências no âmbito do negócio, bem como instruir a padronização dos estabelecimentos de acordo com as exigências da lei, intervindo assim em diferentes áreas de funcionamento: Finanças, Marketing, Processos, Gestão de Pessoas e Conformidades da Lei. O processo envolveu mudanças em todos os segmentos da empresa e como resultado espera-se o incremento da qualidade em geral, a implementação de diferenciais inovadores e a orientação do foco empresarial, direcionando estrategicamente os esforços do negócio para a obtenção de uma vantagem competitiva no mercado e retorno dos investimentos financeiros.

Control of a white organic light emitting diode’s emission parameters using a single doped RGB active layer

White Color tuning is an attractive feature that Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) offer. Up until now, there hasn’t been any report that mix both color tuning abilities with device stability. In this work, White OLEDs (W-OLEDs) based on a single RGB blend composed of a blue emitting N,N′-Di(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-(1,1′-biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine (NPB) doped with a green emitting Coumarin-153 and a red emitting 4-(Dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran (DCM1) dyes were produced. The final device structure was ITO/Blend/Bathocuproine (BCP)/ Tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminium (Alq3)/Al with an emission area of 0.25 cm2. The effects of the changing in DCM1’s concentration (from 0.5% to 1% wt.) allowed a tuning in the final white color resulting in devices capable of emitting a wide range of tunes – from cool to warm – while also keeping a low device complexity and a high stabilitty. Moreover, an explanation on the optoelectrical behavior of the device is presented. The best electroluminescense (EL) points toward 160 cd/m2 of brightness and 1.1 cd/A of efficiency, both prompted to being enhanced. An Impedance Spectroscopy (IS) analysis allowed to study both the effects of BCP as a Hole Blocking Layer and as an aging probe of the device. Finally, as a proof of concept, the emission was increased 9 and 64 times proving this structure can be effectively applied for general lighting.

Relatório de estágio no departamento central de investigação e acção penal

The means of obtaining evidence, the amount of evidence obtained, the number of defendants related to each criminal case and the gravity of the crimes for which the magistrates of the Department are holders of penal action, define its real importance to the Rule of Law. I have deeply studied the subject of the institution of hierarchical intervention required by the assistant and the application of an opening statement by the defendant, starting from a hypothetical case, provided when the query of an investigation with the subject of the crime of active corruption, where this institution was called as a reaction to the archiving dispatch delivered by the Public Ministry. I have study about the implementation of the institution of provisional suspension of the process, specifically in the scope of fiscal criminality, analyzing the effective satisfaction of the purposes of the sentences in two slopes: general prevention and special prevention. I went for my first time to a Central Court of Criminal Instruction, where I attended the measures of inquiry and instructive debate of a process that culminated with the prosecution and pronunciation of the defendants. In addition to this criminal experience, I have deepened and consolidated the academic knowledge with the study of various criminal cases from various fields in the scope of criminality investigated by the Department. I could therefore check the basis of procedural delays, regarding to our legal system, especially in this type of crime, raising issues that I analyzed and discussed, always in a critical and academic way. I had the opportunity to attend and witness a seminar in the Lisbon Directorate of Finance as well of entering the Centre for Judicial Studies to attend a conference on the International Anti-Corruption Day. Focus on the investigatory importance of the international judicial cooperation, through the various organs, with special interest to EUROJUST. I comprehended the organization and functioning of these communitarian organs and means of communication of procedural acts, in particular, the rogatory letters and european arrest warrants. This involvement is motivated by the moratorium factor of the investigations where rogatory letters are necessary for the acquisition of evidence or information relevant to the good continuation of the process. For this reason the judicial cooperation through the relevant communitarian organs, translates a streamlined response between the competent judicial authorities of the Member States, through the National Member that integrates EUROJUST. This report aims to highlight some of the difficulties and procedural issues that Public Prosecutors of DCIAP and criminal police bodies that assist them, face in combating violent and organized crime, of national and transnational nature, of particular complexity, according to the specifics of criminal types.

Rely-guarantee protocols for safe interference over shared memory

Mutable state can be useful in certain algorithms, to structure programs, or for efficiency purposes. However, when shared mutable state is used in non-local or nonobvious ways, the interactions that can occur via aliases to that shared memory can be a source of program errors. Undisciplined uses of shared state may unsafely interfere with local reasoning as other aliases may interleave their changes to the shared state in unexpected ways. We propose a novel technique, rely-guarantee protocols, that structures the interactions between aliases and ensures that only safe interference is possible. We present a linear type system outfitted with our novel sharing mechanism that enables controlled interference over shared mutable resources. Each alias is assigned separate, local roles encoded in a protocol abstraction that constrains how an alias can legally use that shared state. By following the spirit of rely-guarantee reasoning, our rely-guarantee protocols ensure that only safe interference can occur but still allow many interesting uses of shared state, such as going beyond invariant and monotonic usages. This thesis describes the three core mechanisms that enable our type-based technique to work: 1) we show how a protocol models an alias’s perspective on how the shared state evolves and constrains that alias’s interactions with the shared state; 2) we show how protocols can be used while enforcing the agreed interference contract; and finally, 3) we show how to check that all local protocols to some shared state can be safely composed to ensure globally safe interference over that shared memory. The interference caused by shared state is rooted at how the uses of di↵erent aliases to that state may be interleaved (perhaps even in non-deterministic ways) at run-time. Therefore, our technique is mostly agnostic as to whether this interference was the result of alias interleaving caused by sequential or concurrent semantics. We show implementations of our technique in both settings, and highlight their di↵erences. Because sharing is “first-class” (and not tied to a module), we show a polymorphic procedure that enables abstract compositions of protocols. Thus, protocols can be specialized or extended without requiring specific knowledge of the interference produce by other protocols to that state. We show that protocol composition can ensure safety even when considering abstracted protocols. We show that this core composition mechanism is sound, decidable (without the need for manual intervention), and provide an algorithm implementation.

A segurança no terrorismo e na indústria dos eventos

Nowadays, safety and security regarding the tourism and events industries are a fundamental subject to society. Portugal’s tourism has significantly increased its number of visitors, whether due to the increasing number of cruisers docking in Lisbon, or due to visitors arriving by air, travelling the country from North to South and staying in the most varied accommodation units. Issues like human security and internal security of the different countries, even the security in the world, as development factors of a modern society, are discussed on a daily basis. On the contrary, few deal with tourism and major events security as being part of internal security, as well as the existing barriers tourism encounters to integrate the system for fighting terrorism. Although two distinct activities, they are complementary and may influence the country’s economy, provided that they can offer certainty to all actors involved. It is this substance that organised crime groups look for when planning terror acts. Therefore, as tourism can offer deception and shelter opportunities and events the theatre of a possible attack, those events assemble all the necessary conditions for an attack to achieve its goals.

Surrogacy in Portugal

Surrogacy is the arrangement made by at least three people, in order for a surrogate or gestational mother to carry a pregnancy for the two intended parents, with the objective of the former party relinquishing all rights to the child, once the child is born. As it has only been in recent years that that same reproductive method has begun to be commonly accepted due to certain modern scientific developments that thus diminished ethical and moral negative stances, there is still an unsettling legal void (both at a national and international level) in regards to such subsidiary form of reproduction. As such, some countries have not only left their citizens with no choice but to travel abroad in order to enter a surrogacy arrangement (leading to private international law issues on establishing parenthood and nationality of the born child) or to resort to surrogacy within black market conditions. Unfortunately, one of those countries is Portugal as it has been considered, both by its political parties and experts in the area, and by its citizens as not dealing adequately with such theme and thus being poorly equipped to deal with surrogacy, at both a legal and social level. The present paper attempts to analyse Portugal’s current legal perspective by looking at the present efforts being made to contradict the current situation, and thus outline altruistic gestational surrogacy’s tangible future within such nation. In order to also become aware of possible improvements specifically regarding to the full protection of human rights and human dignity as a whole, the United Kingdom’s legal standpoint in relation to surrogacy was also studied. Via direct comparison of both social and legal perspectives, a new approach to altruistic surrogacy is thus proposed with view to suggest a harmonious solution for countries that have at least recognized that the present issue deserves to be duly noticed and that altruistic gestational surrogacy may exist in order to grant protection of human dignity and not to place it in check.