The three main marine depositional cycles of the Neogene of Portugal

The present work follows a stratigraphic model for the marine Neogene of Portugal based on the definition of three main marine sedimentary cycles. Conceptually the I, II and III Neogene Cycles can be defined as 2nd order sedimentary sequences with duration ranging from 5 to 8 Ma. The I Neogene Cycle is fully represented only in the Lower Tagus Basin. Ranging from the Early Aquitanian to the Late Burdigalian the I Neogene Cycle testify a transgressive episode in the region of Lisbon and Setúbal Peninsula. Rapid lateral facies variations suggest a shallowmarine basin. This cycle ends with an important Late Burdigalian tectonic compressive event expressed by uplift of the surrounding areas and deformation affecting the Early Miocene deposits of the Arrábida Chain. The II Neogene Cycle includes thick sedimentary sequences covering Paleozoic and Mesozoic formations in the Algarve and Alvalade-Melides regions and it extends as far north as Santarém in the Lower Tagus Basin. Mainly controlled by global eustasy, it was generated by the important positive eustatic trend that characterized the Middle Miocene worldwide to which the Portuguese continental margin acted more or less passively. This cycle ended with a second and the most important compression event starting after the end of the Serravallian affecting the entire Portuguese onshore and shelf areas. This led to an important depositional hiatus of marine sediments for more than 2.5 Ma. During the Early and the Middle Tortonian occurred the clockwise rotation of the Guadalquivir Basin. The thickmarine units deposited afterwards in this basin produced a litostatic load, which seems to have induced subsidence farther west resuming the Neogene marine sedimentation in the Cacela region (Eastern Algarve), during the Late Tortonian. This marks the beginning of the III Neogene Cycle. To the north, in the Sado Basin (Alvalade-Melides region), a similar depositional sequence starts its sedimentation during the Messinian. Further north, in the Pombal-Caldas da Rainha region, marine sedimentation started during the Late Pliocene (Piacenzian). The migration in time, from south to north for the beginning of the marine sedimentation of this cycle is interpreted as reflecting a visco-elastic propagation of the deformation from the Betic chain northwards.

Une succession de référence pour le Toarcien Moyen et Supérieur: les "Margas calcárias de São Gião" dans les environs de Cantanhede (sous-bassin nord lusitanien, Portugal)*

The geological sections studied at the São Gião sector (Cantanhede region) have allowed the establishment of a clear succession of ammonite associations during the Middle and Upper Toarcian (“Margas calcárias de São Gião” and “Calcários margosos de Póvoa da Lomba” Formations). The fossil collections were gathered over the last 40 years and, in spite of the apparent facies monotony, come from a thick and fossiliferous marly-limestone unit. The ammonite succession allows the establishment and/or verification of a certain number of biostratigraphical elements, of which are worthy of mention: – the tethyan character of the fauna from the Gradata to the Meneghinii Zones; this differentiation starts with the occurrence of Collina, Crassiceras and Furloceras of the Gradata Zone; – the succession of Osperleioceras, with the connection between the “caussenardes”(O. reynesi, O. authelini) forms and those from Algeria (O. nadorense, O. matteii), which is placed at the beginning of the Aalensis Zone; – the succession of Hammatoceratinae: H. roubanense (Gradata Z.), H. bonarellii (Bonarellii Z.), H. speciosum (Speciosum Sub-zone), followed by Crestaites meneghinii (Reynesi Sub-zone and Meneghinii Z.); Pseudaptetoceras appear next (Aalensis Zone). The dynamic evolution of the sector is characterized by the persistence of marly sedimentation during the Meneghinii Zone, in probable relation to the paleostructural play of the Arunca-Montemor meridian axis.

Caracterização do feixe de radiação X num bloco operatório em cirurgia ortop

RESUMO - Na radiologia de intervenção, e concretamente em ortopedia, os raios X são intensamente utilizados permitindo a visualização de diversas técnicas de intervenção cirúrgica. Do ponto de vista médico as vantagens dessa prática são enormes, contudo, os profissionais de saúde envolvidos são susceptíveis de estarem expostos a valores de dose de radiação que significam a sua classificação como trabalhadores expostos. O presente estudo realizou-se num hospital e teve como objectivo obter uma estimativa das doses envolvidas em ortopedia de intervenção, utilizando várias metodologias experimentais para caracterização do campo de radiação primário e secundário. Observaram-se distintos níveis de dose de acordo com a zona anatómica exposta à radiação X: (i) gónadas — 0,02 a 3 mGy/h; (ii) cristalino — 0,06 a 1 mGy/h e (iii) mãos — 0,6 mGy/h. Tais resultados evidenciam uma clara necessidade de utilização de equipamentos de protecção e de vigilância dosimétrica pelos profissionais de saúde envolvidos no acto cirúrgico.--------------------------ABSTRACT - In intervention radiology, and more specifically in orthopaedics, X-rays are intensely used allowing the visualization of many acts of clinical intervention. From a clinical perspective, the advantages of that practice are significant; however, involved health care professionals are susceptible of being exposed to radiation dose values that mean their classification as exposed workers. The present study, performed in a hospital, aimed to obtain an estimation of the doses involved in intervention orthopaedics through several experimental methodologies in order to characterise the primary and the secondary radiation fields. Different levels of dose were observed according to the anatomic area exposed to X radiation: (i) gonads — 0.02 a 3 mGy/h; (ii) crystalline lens — 0.06 a 1 mGy/h e (iii) hands – 0.6 mGy/h. Such results denote a clear need of protection equipment use and of dosimetric surveillance by the health

Routine as deviation

We draw on evidence scattered across thick descriptions of organizations to outline an alternative model of routine. Instead of defining routine as a process of compliance with prescribed rules and procedures we define it as a process of deviation from the prescribed elements of organizations, resulting from the mutual constitution of repetitive work and improvisation. This view of routine underscores its adaptive nature and suggests that flexibility can be achieved not only by nimble and openly innovative organizations but also by large and organizations engaging in ‘closet’ innovation.

Constituição e transcendência: os casos dos regimes comunitários do entre-guerras

Tede de Doutoramento, na especialidade de Ciências Políticas apresentada à FDUNL

Molecular characterization of a de novo t (11;18) translocation associated with Peter´s anomaly

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Genética Molecular e Biomedicina