Analysis of pesticide residues in strawberries and soils by GC-MS/MS, LC-MS/MS and two-dimensional GC-timeof- flight MS comparing organic and integrated pest management farming

This study analysed 22 strawberry and soil samples after their collection over the course of 2 years to compare the residue profiles from organic farming with integrated pest management practices in Portugal. For sample preparation, we used the citrate-buffered version of the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method. We applied three different methods for analysis: (1) 27 pesticides were targeted using LC-MS/MS; (2) 143 were targeted using low pressure GC-tandem mass spectrometry (LP-GC-MS/MS); and (3) more than 600 pesticides were screened in a targeted and untargeted approach using comprehensive, two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF-MS). Comparison was made of the analyses using the different methods for the shared samples. The results were similar, thereby providing satisfactory confirmation of both similarly positive and negative findings. No pesticides were found in the organic-farmed samples. In samples from integrated pest management practices, nine pesticides were determined and confirmed to be present, ranging from 2 μg kg−1 for fluazifop-pbutyl to 50 μg kg−1 for fenpropathrin. Concentrations of residues in strawberries were less than European maximum residue limits.

Virtual power producers integration into MASCEM

All over the world Distributed Generation is seen as a valuable help to get cleaner and more efficient electricity. Under this context distributed generators, owned by different decentralized players can provide a significant amount of the electricity generation. To get negotiation power and advantages of scale economy, these players can be aggregated giving place to a new concept: the Virtual Power Producer. Virtual Power Producers are multi-technology and multi-site heterogeneous entities. Virtual Power Producers should adopt organization and management methodologies so that they can make Distributed Generation a really profitable activity, able to participate in the market. In this paper we address the integration of Virtual Power Producers into an electricity market simulator –MASCEM – as a coalition of distributed producers.

Balancing market integration in MASCEM electricity market simulator

With the restructuring of the energy sector in industrialized countries there is an increased complexity in market players’ interactions along with emerging problems and new issues to be addressed. Decision support tools that facilitate the study and understanding of these markets are extremely useful to provide players with competitive advantage. In this context arises MASCEM, a multi-agent simulator for competitive electricity markets. It is essential to reinforce MASCEM with the ability to recreate electricity markets reality in the fullest possible extent, making it able to simulate as many types of markets models and players as possible. This paper presents the development of the Balancing Market in MASCEM. A key module to the study of competitive electricity markets, as it has well defined and distinct characteristics previously implemented.

Complex market integration in MASCEM electricity market simulator

The restructuring that the energy sector has suffered in industrialized countries originated a greater complexity in market players’ interactions, and thus new problems and issues to be addressed. Decision support tools that facilitate the study and understanding of these markets become extremely useful to provide players with competitive advantage. In this context arises MASCEM, a multi-agent system for simulating competitive electricity markets. To provide MASCEM with the capacity to recreate the electricity markets reality in the fullest possible extent, it is essential to make it able to simulate as many market models and player types as possible. This paper presents the development of the Complex Market in MASCEM. This module is fundamental to study competitive electricity markets, as it exhibits different characteristics from the already implemented market types.

Renewable-based generation integration in electricity markets with virtual power producers

The development of renewable energy sources and Distributed Generation (DG) of electricity is of main importance in the way towards a sustainable development. However, the management, in large scale, of these technologies is complicated because of the intermittency of primary resources (wind, sunshine, etc.) and small scale of some plants. The aggregation of DG plants gives place to a new concept: the Virtual Power Producer (VPP). VPPs can reinforce the importance of these generation technologies making them valuable in electricity markets. VPPs can ensure a secure, environmentally friendly generation and optimal management of heat, electricity and cold as well as optimal operation and maintenance of electrical equipment, including the sale of electricity in the energy market. For attaining these goals, there are important issues to deal with, such as reserve management strategies, strategies for bids formulation, the producers’ remuneration, and the producers’ characterization for coalition formation. This chapter presents the most important concepts related with renewable-based generation integration in electricity markets, using VPP paradigm. The presented case studies make use of two main computer applications:ViProd and MASCEM. ViProd simulates VPP operation, including the management of plants in operation. MASCEM is a multi-agent based electricity market simulator that supports the inclusion of VPPs in the players set.

Multi-dimensional scaling applied to histogram-based DNA analysis

This paper aims to study the relationships between chromosomal DNA sequences of twenty species. We propose a methodology combining DNA-based word frequency histograms, correlation methods, and an MDS technique to visualize structural information underlying chromosomes (CRs) and species. Four statistical measures are tested (Minkowski, Cosine, Pearson product-moment, and Kendall τ rank correlations) to analyze the information content of 421 nuclear CRs from twenty species. The proposed methodology is built on mathematical tools and allows the analysis and visualization of very large amounts of stream data, like DNA sequences, with almost no assumptions other than the predefined DNA “word length.” This methodology is able to produce comprehensible three-dimensional visualizations of CR clustering and related spatial and structural patterns. The results of the four test correlation scenarios show that the high-level information clusterings produced by the MDS tool are qualitatively similar, with small variations due to each correlation method characteristics, and that the clusterings are a consequence of the input data and not method’s artifacts.

Personality, emotion and mood simulation in decision making

In this paper is proposed the integration of personality, emotion and mood aspects for a group of participants in a decision-making negotiation process. The aim is to simulate the participant behavior in that scenario. The personality is modeled through the OCEAN five-factor model of personality (Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Negative emotionality). The emotion model applied to the participants is the OCC (Ortony, Clore and Collins) that defines several criteria representing the human emotional structure. In order to integrate personality and emotion is used the pleasure-arousal-dominance (PAD) model of mood.

Negative modulation of human osteoclastogenesis by antiepileptic drugs

Bone is constantly being molded and shaped by the action of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. A proper equilibrium between both cell types metabolic activities is required to ensure an adequate skeletal tissue structure, and it involves resorption of old bone and formation of new bone tissue. It is reported that treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can elicit alterations in skeletal structure, in particular in bone mineral density. Nevertheless, the knowledge regarding the effects of AEDs on bone cells are still scarce, particularly on osteoclastic behaviour. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of five different AEDs on human osteoclastic cells. Osteoclastic cell cultures were established from precursor cells isolated from human peripheral blood, and were maintained in the absence (control) or in the presence of 10-8-10-4 M of different AEDs (valproate, carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine and topiramate). Cell cultures were characterized throughout a 21-day period for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, number of TRAP+ multinucleated cells, presence of cells with actin rings and expressing vitronectin and calcitonin receptors, and apoptosis rate. Also, the involvement of several signaling pathways on the cellular response was addressed. All the tested drugs were able to affect osteoclastic cell development, although with different profiles on their osteoclastogenic modulation properties. Globally, the tendency was to inhibit the process. Furthermore, the signaling pathways involved in the process also seemed to be differentially affected by the AEDs, suggesting that the different drugs may affect osteoclastogenesis through different mechanisms. In conclusion, the present study showed that the different AEDs had the ability to negatively modulate the osteoclastogenesis process, shedding new light towards a better understanding of how these drugs can affect bone tissue.

ß-lactamases in the biochemistry and molecular biology laboratory

β-lactamases are hydrolytic enzymes that inactivate the β-lactam ring of antibiotics such as penicillins and cephalosporins. The major diversity of studies carried out until now have mainly focused on the characterization of β-lactamases recovered among clinical isolates of Gram-positive staphylococci and Gram-negative enterobacteria, amongst others. However, only some studies refer to the detection and development of β-lactamases carriers in healthy humans, sick animals, or even in strains isolated from environmental stocks such as food, water, or soils. Considering this, we proposed a 10-week laboratory programme for the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology laboratory for majors in the health, environmental, and agronomical sciences. During those weeks, students would be dealing with some basic techniques such as DNA extraction, bacterial transformation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gel electrophoresis, and the use of several bioinformatics tools. These laboratory exercises would be conducted as a mini research project in which all the classes would be connected with the previous ones. This curriculum was compared in an experiment involving two groups of students from two different majors. The new curriculum, with classes linked together as a mini research project, was taught to a major in Pharmacy and an old curriculum was taught to students from environmental health. The results showed that students who were enrolled in the new curriculum obtained better results in the final exam than the students who were enrolled in the former curriculum. Likewise, these students were found to be more enthusiastic during the laboratory classes than those from the former curriculum.

Gestão e monitorização de uma rede departamental: um caso de estudo

Mestrado em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Sistema de visão para percepção e navegação de um UAV Quadrotor

Mestrado em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Three-dimensional modeling of tongue during speech using MRI data

The tongue is the most important and dynamic articulator for speech formation, because of its anatomic aspects (particularly, the large volume of this muscular organ comparatively to the surrounding organs of the vocal tract) and also due to the wide range of movements and flexibility that are involved. In speech communication research, a variety of techniques have been used for measuring the three-dimensional vocal tract shapes. More recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) becomes common; mainly, because this technique allows the collection of a set of static and dynamic images that can represent the entire vocal tract along any orientation. Over the years, different anatomical organs of the vocal tract have been modelled; namely, 2D and 3D tongue models, using parametric or statistical modelling procedures. Our aims are to present and describe some 3D reconstructed models from MRI data, for one subject uttering sustained articulations of some typical Portuguese sounds. Thus, we present a 3D database of the tongue obtained by stack combinations with the subject articulating Portuguese vowels. This 3D knowledge of the speech organs could be very important; especially, for clinical purposes (for example, for the assessment of articulatory impairments followed by tongue surgery in speech rehabilitation), and also for a better understanding of acoustic theory in speech formation.

Exploração da Point Cloud Library aplicada à percepção em sistemas autónomos

A navegação e a interpretação do meio envolvente por veículos autónomos em ambientes não estruturados continua a ser um grande desafio na actualidade. Sebastian Thrun, descreve em [Thr02], que o problema do mapeamento em sistemas robóticos é o da aquisição de um modelo espacial do meio envolvente do robô. Neste contexto, a integração de sistemas sensoriais em plataformas robóticas, que permitam a construção de mapas do mundo que as rodeia é de extrema importância. A informação recolhida desses dados pode ser interpretada, tendo aplicabilidade em tarefas de localização, navegação e manipulação de objectos. Até à bem pouco tempo, a generalidade dos sistemas robóticos que realizavam tarefas de mapeamento ou Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM), utilizavam dispositivos do tipo laser rangefinders e câmaras stereo. Estes equipamentos, para além de serem dispendiosos, fornecem apenas informação bidimensional, recolhidas através de cortes transversais 2D, no caso dos rangefinders. O paradigma deste tipo de tecnologia mudou consideravelmente, com o lançamento no mercado de câmaras RGB-D, como a desenvolvida pela PrimeSense TM e o subsequente lançamento da Kinect, pela Microsoft R para a Xbox 360 no final de 2010. A qualidade do sensor de profundidade, dada a natureza de baixo custo e a sua capacidade de aquisição de dados em tempo real, é incontornável, fazendo com que o sensor se tornasse instantaneamente popular entre pesquisadores e entusiastas. Este avanço tecnológico deu origem a várias ferramentas de desenvolvimento e interacção humana com este tipo de sensor, como por exemplo a Point Cloud Library [RC11] (PCL). Esta ferramenta tem como objectivo fornecer suporte para todos os blocos de construção comuns que uma aplicação 3D necessita, dando especial ênfase ao processamento de nuvens de pontos de n dimensões adquiridas a partir de câmaras RGB-D, bem como scanners laser, câmaras Time-of-Flight ou câmaras stereo. Neste contexto, é realizada nesta dissertação, a avaliação e comparação de alguns dos módulos e métodos constituintes da biblioteca PCL, para a resolução de problemas inerentes à construção e interpretação de mapas, em ambientes indoor não estruturados, utilizando os dados provenientes da Kinect. A partir desta avaliação, é proposta uma arquitectura de sistema que sistematiza o registo de nuvens de pontos, correspondentes a vistas parciais do mundo, num modelo global consistente. Os resultados da avaliação realizada à biblioteca PCL atestam a sua viabilidade, para a resolução dos problemas propostos. Prova da sua viabilidade, são os resultados práticos obtidos, da implementação da arquitectura de sistema proposta, que apresenta resultados de desempenho interessantes, como também boas perspectivas de integração deste tipo de conceitos e tecnologia em plataformas robóticas desenvolvidas no âmbito de projectos do Laboratório de Sistemas Autónomos (LSA).

The cross crypto scheme cipher integration for securing SCADA component communication

Critical Infrastructures became more vulnerable to attacks from adversaries as SCADA systems become connected to the Internet. The open standards for SCADA Communications make it very easy for attackers to gain in-depth knowledge about the working and operations of SCADA networks. A number of Intenrnet SCADA security issues were raised that have compromised the authenticity, confidentiality, integrity and non-repudiation of information transfer between SCADA Components. This paper presents an integration of the Cross Crypto Scheme Cipher to secure communications for SCADA components. The proposed scheme integrates both the best features of symmetric and asymmetric encryptiontechniques. It also utilizes the MD5 hashing algorithm to ensure the integrity of information being transmitted.

Integration of an automatic storage and retrieval system (ASRS) in a discrete-part automation system

This technical report describes the work carried out in a project within the ERASMUS programme. The objective of this project was the Integration of an Automatic Warehouse in a Discrete-Part Automation System. The discrete-part automation system located at the LASCRI (Critical Systems) laboratory at ISEP was extended with automatic storage and retrieval of the manufacturing parts, through the integration of an automatic warehouse and an automatic guided vehicle (AGV).