Teaching and learning mathematics using moodle

This paper summarizes a project that is contributing to a change in the way of teaching and learning Mathematics. Mathematics is a subject of the Accounting and Administration course. In this subject we teach: Functions and Algebra. The aim is that the student understand the basic concepts and is able to apply them in other issues, when possible, establishing a bridge between the issues that they have studied and their application in Accounting. As from this year, the Accounting course falls under in Bologna Process. The teacher and the student roles have changed. The time for theoretical and practical classes has been reduced, so it was necessary to modify the way of teaching and learning. In the theoretical classes we use systems of multimedia projection to present the concepts, and in the practical classes we solve exercises. We also use the Excel and the mathematical open source software wxMaxima. To supplement our theoretical and practical classes we have developed a project called MatActiva based on the Moodle platform offered by PAOL - Projecto de Apoio Online (Online Support Project). With the creation of this new project we wanted to take advantage already obtained results with the previous experiences, giving to the students opportunities to complement their study in Mathematics. One of the great objectives is to motivate students, encourage them to overcome theirs difficulties through an auto-study giving them more confidence. In the MatActiva project the students have a big collection of information about the way of the subject works, which includes the objectives, the program, recommended bibliography, evaluation method and summaries. It works as material support for the practical and theoretical classes, the slides of the theoretical classes are available, the sheets with exercises for the students to do in the classroom and complementary exercises, as well as the exams of previous years. Students can also do diagnostic tests and evaluation tests online. Our approach is a reflexive one, based on the professional experience of the teachers that explore and incorporate new tools of Moodle with their students and coordinate the project MatActiva.

The active mathematics project at ISCAP

This paper summarizes a project that is contributing to a change in the way of teaching and learning Mathematics. Mathematics is a subject of the Accounting and Administration course. In this subject we teach: Functions and Algebra. The aim is that the students understand the basic concepts and is able to apply them in other issues, when possible, establishing a bridge between the issues that they have studied and their application in Accounting. As from this year, the Accounting course falls under in Bologna Process. The teacher and the student roles have changed. The time for theoretical and practical classes has been reduced, so it was necessary to modify the way of teaching and learning. In the theoretical classes we use systems of multimedia projection to present the concepts, and in the practical classes we solve exercises. To supplement our theoretical and practical classes we have developed an active mathematics project called MatActiva based on the Moodle platform offered by PAOL - Projecto de Apoio Online (Online Support Project). In the last versions of Moodle, it is possible use the TeX language to create math questions. Using this tool we created a set of interactive materials. With the creation of this new project we wanted to take advantage already obtained results with the previous experiences, giving to the students opportunities to complement their study in Mathematics. One of the great objectives is to motivate students, encourage them to overcome theirs difficulties through an auto-study, giving them more confidence and the opportunity to seeing others perspectives of the mathematics subjects. In the MatActiva project the students have a big collection of information about the way of the subject works, which includes the objectives, the program, recommended bibliography, evaluation method and summaries. It works as material support for the practical and theoretical classes, the slides of the theoretical classes are available, the sheets with exercises for the students to do in the classroom and complementary exercises, as well as the exams of previous years. Students can also do diagnostic tests and evaluation tests online. Our approach is a reflexive one, based on the professional experience of the teachers that explore and incorporate new tools of Moodle with their students and coordinate the project MatActiva.

A fuzzified systematic adjustment of the robotic Darwinian PSO

The Darwinian Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO) is an evolutionary algorithm that extends the Particle Swarm Optimization using natural selection to enhance the ability to escape from sub-optimal solutions. An extension of the DPSO to multi-robot applications has been recently proposed and denoted as Robotic Darwinian PSO (RDPSO), benefiting from the dynamical partitioning of the whole population of robots, hence decreasing the amount of required information exchange among robots. This paper further extends the previously proposed algorithm adapting the behavior of robots based on a set of context-based evaluation metrics. Those metrics are then used as inputs of a fuzzy system so as to systematically adjust the RDPSO parameters (i.e., outputs of the fuzzy system), thus improving its convergence rate, susceptibility to obstacles and communication constraints. The adapted RDPSO is evaluated in groups of physical robots, being further explored using larger populations of simulated mobile robots within a larger scenario.

Sustentabilidade dos Georrecursos: Proposta de Definição de Índice de Sustentabilidade para Pedreiras Produtoras de Agregados

As atuais políticas industriais procuram conjugar os objetivos económicos com direitos sociais e ambientais através da aplicação de políticas de desenvolvimento sustentável. A gestão coordenada destes três capítulos visa contribuir para o bem‐estar e progressiva melhoria da qualidade de vida dos cidadãos. Esta Tese de Mestrado tem por objetivo a aplicação de um sistema de avaliação de pedreiras produtoras de agregados partindo da análise integrada de indicadores setoriais nas áreas económica, social e ambiental. Deste modo é proposto o desenvolvimento de um método de avaliação que permita proceder a uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa do desempenho de pedreiras do ponto de vista da sua sustentabilidade. Numa abordagem inicial, enquadradora das questões que se levantam com as políticas de desenvolvimento sustentável, é feita uma introdução relativa às correntes de pensamento dominantes sobre esta questão, tendo ainda sido feito um relacionamento entre as questões ligadas com o planeamento estratégico deste setor industrial e as questões ligadas com o ordenamento do território. Posteriormente, é feita uma análise do enquadramento do setor extrativo relativo à exploração de pedreiras no âmbito das políticas económicas, sociais e ambientais da Comunidade Europeia e uma caracterização da importância deste setor industrial na economia portuguesa. Após o desenvolvimento destas questões, é dada sequência ao trabalho desenvolvido na adoção e criação de indicadores económicos, sociais e ambientais adaptados à situação particular das pedreiras produtoras de inertes portuguesas. Finalmente, é proposto o desenvolvimento de um método de cálculo tendo em vista a criação de um Índice de Sustentabilidade a partir da análise dos resultados dos indicadores setoriais anteriormente referidos. Assim, é apresentada uma súmula de conclusões sobre este tipo de abordagem, suas vantagens e inconvenientes relativamente aos métodos tradicionais de avaliação deste tipo de indústria. É, por último, apresentado um conjunto de sugestões que permitam a utilização na rotina, de forma acessível, desta nova ferramenta de análise.

A B-learning strategy for Therapeutics at the Bachelor Level

Background Information:The incorporation of distance learning activities by institutions of higher education is considered an important contribution to create new opportunities for teaching at both, initial and continuing training. In Medicine and Nursing, several papers illustrate the adaptation of technological components and teaching methods are prolific, however, when we look at the Pharmaceutical Education area, the examples are scarce. In that sense this project demonstrates the implementation and assessment of a B-Learning Strategy for Therapeutics using a “case based learning” approach. Setting: Academic Pharmacy Methods:This is an exploratory study involving 2nd year students of the Pharmacy Degree at the School of Allied Health Sciences of Oporto. The study population consists of 61 students, divided in groups of 3-4 elements. The b-learning model was implemented during a time period of 8 weeks. Results:A B-learning environment and digital learning objects were successfully created and implemented. Collaboration and assessment techniques were carefully developed to ensure the active participation and fair assessment of all students. Moodle records show a consistent activity of students during the assignments. E-portfolios were also developed using Wikispaces, which promoted reflective writing and clinical reasoning. Conclusions:Our exploratory study suggests that the “case based learning” method can be successfully combined with the technological components to create and maintain a feasible online learning environment for the teaching of therapeutics.

Scheduling arbitrary-deadline sporadic task systems on multiprocessors

A new algorithm is proposed for scheduling preemptible arbitrary-deadline sporadic task systems upon multiprocessor platforms, with interprocessor migration permitted. This algorithm is based on a task-splitting approach - while most tasks are entirely assigned to specific processors, a few tasks (fewer than the number of processors) may be split across two processors. This algorithm can be used for two distinct purposes: for actually scheduling specific sporadic task systems, and for feasibility analysis. Simulation- based evaluation indicates that this algorithm offers a significant improvement on the ability to schedule arbitrary- deadline sporadic task systems as compared to the contemporary state-of-art. With regard to feasibility analysis, the new algorithm is proved to offer superior performance guarantees in comparison to prior feasibility tests.

Interlaminar fracture characterization of a carbon-epoxy composite in pure mode II

The interlaminar fracture toughness in pure mode II (GIIc) of a Carbon-Fibre Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) composite is characterized experimentally and numerically in this work, using the End-Notched Flexure (ENF) fracture characterization test. The value of GIIc was extracted by a new data reduction scheme avoiding the crack length measurement, named Compliance-Based Beam Method (CBBM). This method eliminates the crack measurement errors, which can be non-negligible, and reflect on the accuracy of the fracture energy calculations. Moreover, it accounts for the Fracture Process Zone (FPZ) effects. A numerical study using the Finite Element Method (FEM) and a triangular cohesive damage model, implemented within interface finite elements and based on the indirect use of Fracture Mechanics, was performed to evaluate the suitability of the CBBM to obtain GIIc. This was performed comparing the input values of GIIc in the numerical models with the ones resulting from the application of the CBBM to the numerical load-displacement (P-) curve. In this numerical study, the Compliance Calibration Method (CCM) was also used to extract GIIc, for comparison purposes.

Análise comparativa de valores de imóveis e de métodos de avaliação

Esta dissertação considera a importância da avaliação imobiliária no mercado imobiliário, nas mais diversas situações. Contudo, cinge-se à determinação de um presumível valor de transação para apartamentos, moradias, lojas e terrenos, para venda ou arrendamento. Os mercados imobiliários escolhidos são dois concelhos conhecidos, da autora, por ser mais fácil a perceção dos locais e preços de venda. Foi escolhido o Concelho de Valongo para apartamentos, moradias e terrenos e o Concelho da Maia para lojas. Para determinarmos os valores em estudo adotaram-se os métodos de avaliação imobiliária mais comuns nomeadamente: o Método Comparativo, Método do Rendimento e o Método do Custo. São apresentados os métodos de avaliação mais utilizados, descrevendo-se a aplicação de cada um deles e as suas condições necessárias. Fez-se uma comparação entre cada um o que permitiu concluir sobre os mesmos. A recolha dos imóveis objeto de estudo foi efetuada em Sites de empresas imobiliárias que dispunham de informação necessária ao âmbito do trabalho. Aplicaram-se os métodos a cada caso recolhido e posteriormente fez-se a comparação dos resultados obtidos. Através de tratamento estatístico, utilizaram-se as técnicas de regressão múltipla para análise de relações entre os métodos de avaliação aplicados. Por fim, retiraram-se conclusões sobre a relação existente entre os três métodos de avaliação.

Comparação dos ensaios DCB e TDCB para determinação da tenacidade em tração de adesivos estruturais

O constante desenvolvimento observado nas ligações adesivas, em conjunto com as melhorias verificadas nas características dos adesivos, estão a ser traduzidos, de uma certa forma, num aumento das aplicações das ligações adesivas, assim como na variedade de aplicações. No âmbito da previsão de resistência de juntas adesivas, dois métodos de grande relevância são a Mecânica da Fratura e os Modelos de Dano Coesivo. Os Modelos de Dano Coesivo permitem a simulação da iniciação e propagação do dano, recorrendo ao Método Dos Elementos Finitos. No que concerne à Mecânica da Fratura, a previsão de resistência é geralmente feita através de uma análise energética. Independentemente da forma como é obtida, a taxa crítica de libertação de energia de deformação à tração (GIc) dos adesivos é um dos parâmetros mais importantes para a previsão da resistência das juntas. Dois dos ensaios mais utilizados são o Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) e o Tapered Double Cantilever Beam (TDCB). Este trabalho pretende determinar e comparar o valor de GIc em juntas adesivas pelos ensaios DCB e TDCB. São utilizados três tipos de adesivos com diferentes graus de ductilidade. No ensaio DCB os métodos utilizados para a determinação de GIc são: Compliance-Based Beam Method (CBBM), Corrected Beam Theory (CBT) e Compliance Calibration Method (CCM). Os métodos utilizados no ensaio TDCB são: Simple Beam Theory (SBT), Corrected Beam Theory (CBT) e Compliance Calibration Method (CCM). Os resultados obtidos apresentam concordância entre os vários métodos de cada ensaio. A discrepância de resultados é superior quando comparados os dois tipos de ensaios.

A multi-objective optimization of the active and reactive resource scheduling at a distribution level in a smart grid context

In the traditional paradigm, the large power plants supply the reactive power required at a transmission level and the capacitors and transformer tap changer were also used at a distribution level. However, in a near future will be necessary to schedule both active and reactive power at a distribution level, due to the high number of resources connected in distribution levels. This paper proposes a new multi-objective methodology to deal with the optimal resource scheduling considering the distributed generation, electric vehicles and capacitor banks for the joint active and reactive power scheduling. The proposed methodology considers the minimization of the cost (economic perspective) of all distributed resources, and the minimization of the voltage magnitude difference (technical perspective) in all buses. The Pareto front is determined and a fuzzy-based mechanism is applied to present the best compromise solution. The proposed methodology has been tested in the 33-bus distribution network. The case study shows the results of three different scenarios for the economic, technical, and multi-objective perspectives, and the results demonstrated the importance of incorporating the reactive scheduling in the distribution network using the multi-objective perspective to obtain the best compromise solution for the economic and technical perspectives.

Determinação da tenacidade à fratura em corte (GIIc) de adesivos estruturais pelo ensaio End-Notched Flexure (ENF)

Os adesivos têm sido alvo de estudo ao longo dos últimos anos para ligação de componentes a nível industrial. Devido à crescente utilização das juntas adesivas, torna-se necessária a existência de modelos de previsão de resistência que sejam fiáveis e robustos. Neste âmbito, a determinação das propriedades dos adesivos é fundamental para o projeto de ligações coladas. Uma abordagem recente consiste no uso de modelos de dano coesivo (MDC), que permitem simular o comportamento à fratura das juntas de forma bastante fiável. Esta técnica requer a definição das leis coesivas em tração e corte. Estas leis coesivas dependem essencialmente de 2 parâmetros: a tensão limite e a tenacidade no modo de solicitação respetivo. O ensaio End-Notched Flexure (ENF) é o mais utilizado para determinar a tenacidade em corte, porque é conhecido por ser o mais expedito e fiável para caraterizar este parâmetro. Neste ensaio, os provetes são sujeitos a flexão em 3 pontos, sendo apoiados nas extremidades e solicitados no ponto médio para promover a flexão entre substratos, o que se reflete numa solicitação de corte no adesivo. A partir deste ensaio, e após de definida a tenacidade em corte (GIIc), existem alguns métodos para estimativa da lei coesiva respetiva. Nesta dissertação são definidas as leis coesivas em corte de três adesivos estruturais através do ensaio ENF e um método inverso de ajuste dos dados experimentais. Para o efeito, foram realizados ensaios experimentais considerado um adesivo frágil, o Araldite® AV138, um adesivo moderadamente dúctil, o Araldite® 2015 e outro dúctil, o SikaForce® 7752. O trabalho experimental consistiu na realização dos ensaios ENF e respetivo tratamento dos dados para obtenção das curvas de resistência (curvas-R) através dos seguintes métodos: Compliance Calibration Method (CCM), Direct Beam Theory (DBT), Corrected Beam Theory (CBT) e Compliance-Based Beam Method (CBBM). Os ensaios foram simulados numericamente pelo código comercial ABAQUS®, recorrendo ao Métodos de Elementos Finitos (MEF) e um MDC triangular, com o intuito de estimar a lei coesiva de cada um dos adesivos em solicitação de corte. Após este estudo, foi feita uma análise de sensibilidade ao valor de GIIc e resistência coesiva ao corte (tS 0), para uma melhor compreensão do efeito destes parâmetros na curva P- do ensaio ENF. Com o objetivo de testar adequação dos 4 métodos de obtenção de GIIc usados neste trabalho, estes foram aplicados a curvas P- numéricas de cada um dos 3 adesivos, e os valores de GIIc previstos por estes métodos comparados com os respetivos valores introduzidos nos modelos numéricos. Como resultado do trabalho realizado, conseguiu-se obter uma lei coesiva única em corte para cada um dos 3 adesivos testados, que é capaz de reproduzir com precisão os resultados experimentais.

Development and biological evaluation of API-ILs based on anti-bacterial and anti-fungal drugs

In recent years Ionic Liquids (ILs) are being applied in life sciences. ILs are being produce with active pharmaceutical drugs (API) as they can reduce polymorphism and drug solubility problems [1] Also ILs are being applied as a drug delivery device in innovative therapies What is appealing in ILs is the ILs building up platform, the counter-ion can be carefully chosen in order to avoid undesirable side effects or to give innovative therapies in which two active ions are paired. This work shows ILs based on ampicillin (an anti-bacterial agent) and ILs based on Amphotericin B. Also we show studies that indicate that ILs based on Ampicillin could reverse resistance in some bacteria. The ILs produced in this work were synthetized by the neutralization method described in Ferraz et. al. [2] Ampicillin anion was combined with the following organic cations 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium, [EMIM]; 1-hydroxy-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium, [C2OHMIM]; choline, [cholin]; tetraethylammonium, [TEA]; cetylpyridinium, [C16pyr] and trihexyltetradecylphosphonium, [P6,6,6,14]. Amphotericin B was combined with [C16pyr], [cholin] and 1-metohyethyl-3-methylimidazolium, [C3OMIM]. The ILs-APIs based on ampicillin[2] were tested against sensitive Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Klebsiella pneumonia (clinical isolated), as well as on Gram positive Staphylococcus Aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis. The arising resistance developed by bacteria to antibiotics is a serious public health threat and needs new and urgent measures. We study the bacterial activity of these compounds against a panel of resistant bacteria (clinical isolated strains): E. coli CTX M9, E. coli TEM CTX M9, E. coli TEM1, E. coli CTX M2, E. coli AmpC Mox2. In this work we demonstrate that is possible to produce ILs from anti-bacterial and anti-fungal compounds. We show here that the new ILs can reverse the bacteria resistance. With the careful choice of the organic cation, it is possible to create important biological and physic-chemical properties. This work also shows that the ion-pair is fundamental in ampicillin mechanism of action.

Fuzzy Monte Carlo model for transmission power systems reliability based decision making

This thesis presents the Fuzzy Monte Carlo Model for Transmission Power Systems Reliability based studies (FMC-TRel) methodology, which is based on statistical failure and repair data of the transmission power system components and uses fuzzyprobabilistic modeling for system component outage parameters. Using statistical records allows developing the fuzzy membership functions of system component outage parameters. The proposed hybrid method of fuzzy set and Monte Carlo simulation based on the fuzzy-probabilistic models allows catching both randomness and fuzziness of component outage parameters. A network contingency analysis to identify any overloading or voltage violation in the network is performed once obtained the system states. This is followed by a remedial action algorithm, based on Optimal Power Flow, to reschedule generations and alleviate constraint violations and, at the same time, to avoid any load curtailment, if possible, or, otherwise, to minimize the total load curtailment, for the states identified by the contingency analysis. For the system states that cause load curtailment, an optimization approach is applied to reduce the probability of occurrence of these states while minimizing the costs to achieve that reduction. This methodology is of most importance for supporting the transmission system operator decision making, namely in the identification of critical components and in the planning of future investments in the transmission power system. A case study based on Reliability Test System (RTS) 1996 IEEE 24 Bus is presented to illustrate with detail the application of the proposed methodology.

Evaluation of the total antioxidant capacity of flavored water and electrochemical purine damage by sulfate radicals using a purine-based sensor

In this study, a method for the electrochemical quantification of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in beverages was developed. The method is based on the oxidative damage to the purine bases, adenine or guanine, that are immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface. The oxidative lesions on the DNA bases were promoted by the sulfate radical generated by the persulfate/iron(II) system. The presence of antioxidants on the reactive system promoted the protection of the DNA bases immobilized on the GCE by scavenging the sulfate radical. Square-wave voltammetry (SWV) was the electrochemical technique used to perform this study. The efficiencies of five antioxidants (ascorbic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid and resveratrol) in scavenging the sulfate radical and, therefore, their ability to protect the purine bases immobilized on the GCE were investigated. These results demonstrated that the purine-based biosensor is suitable for the rapid assessment of the TAC in flavors and flavored water.

Virtual power players demand response programs management based on locational marginal prices

Power systems have been suffering huge changes mainly due to the substantial increase of distributed generation and to the operation in competitive environments. Virtual power players can aggregate a diversity of players, namely generators and consumers, and a diversity of energy resources, including electricity generation based on several technologies, storage and demand response. Resource management gains an increasing relevance in this competitive context, while demand side active role provides managers with increased demand elasticity. This makes demand response use more interesting and flexible, giving rise to a wide range of new opportunities.This paper proposes a methodology for managing demand response programs in the scope of virtual power players. The proposed method is based on the calculation of locational marginal prices (LMP). The evaluation of the impact of using demand response specific programs on the LMP value supports the manager decision concerning demand response use. The proposed method has been computationally implemented and its application is illustrated in this paper using a 32 bus network with intensive use of distributed generation.