A study on the encryption algorithm for RFID tag (SEED : 8 Rounds × 64 bits block)

Although it is always weak between RFID Tag and Terminal in focus of the security, there are no security skills in RFID Tag. Recently there are a lot of studying in order to protect it, but because it has some physical limitation of RFID, that is it should be low electric power and high speed, it is impossible to protect with the skills. At present, the methods of RFID security are using a security server, a security policy and security. One of them the most famous skill is the security module, then they has an authentication skill and an encryption skill. In this paper, we designed and implemented after modification original SEED into 8 Round and 64 bits for Tag.

Actualities on Nuclear Medicine Applications in Sports Medicine

Aims: This paper aims to address some of the main possible applications of actual Nuclear Medicine Imaging techniques and methodologies in the specific context of Sports Medicine, namely in two critical systems: musculoskeletal and cardiovascular. Discussion: At the musculoskeletal level, bone scintigraphy techniques proved to be a mean of diagnosis of functional orientation and high sensibility compared with other morphological imaging techniques in the detection and temporal evaluation of pathological situations, for instance allowing the acquisition of information of great relevance in athletes with stress fractures. On the other hand, infection/inflammation studies might be of an important added value to characterize specific situations, early diagnose of potential critical issues – so giving opportunity to precise, complete and fast solutions – while allowing the evaluation and eventual optimization of training programs. At cardiovascular system level, Nuclear Medicine had proved to be crucial in differential diagnosis between cardiac hypertrophy secondary to physical activity (the so called "athlete's heart") and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, in the diagnosis and prognosis of changes in cardiac function in athletes, as well as in direct - and non-invasive - in vivo visualization of sympathetic cardiac innervation, something that seems to take more and more importance nowadays, namely in order to try to avoid sudden death episodes at intense physical effort. Also the clinical application of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has becoming more and more widely recognized as promising. Conclusions: It has been concluded that Nuclear Medicine can become an important application in Sports Medicine. Its well established capabilities to early detection of processes involving functional properties allied to its high sensibility and the actual technical possibilities (namely those related with hybrid imaging, that allows to add information provided by high resolution morphological imaging techniques, such as CT and/or MRI) make it a powerful diagnostic tool, claiming to be used on an each day higher range of clinical applications related with all levels of sport activities. Since the improvements at equipment characteristics and detection levels allows the use of smaller and smaller doses, so minimizing radiation exposure it is believed by the authors that the increase of the use of NM tools in the Sports Medicine area should be considered.

Software transactional memory as a building block for parallel embedded realtime systems

The recent trends of chip architectures with higher number of heterogeneous cores, and non-uniform memory/non-coherent caches, brings renewed attention to the use of Software Transactional Memory (STM) as a fundamental building block for developing parallel applications. Nevertheless, although STM promises to ease concurrent and parallel software development, it relies on the possibility of aborting conflicting transactions to maintain data consistency, which impacts on the responsiveness and timing guarantees required by embedded real-time systems. In these systems, contention delays must be (efficiently) limited so that the response times of tasks executing transactions are upper-bounded and task sets can be feasibly scheduled. In this paper we assess the use of STM in the development of embedded real-time software, defending that the amount of contention can be reduced if read-only transactions access recent consistent data snapshots, progressing in a wait-free manner. We show how the required number of versions of a shared object can be calculated for a set of tasks. We also outline an algorithm to manage conflicts between update transactions that prevents starvation.

Sistema de deteção de arritmias

Esta dissertação apresenta o trabalho realizado no âmbito da unidade curricular de Tese/Dissertação (TEDI), do 2º ano, do Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrotécnica e de Computadores no ramo de Automação e Sistemas. O principal objetivo desta dissertação consiste no desenvolvimento de um sistema que permita efetuar a deteção de um determinado número de anomalias num sinal eletrocardiográfico. O coração é um dos órgãos mais importantes do corpo humano. É ele que recebe e bombeia o sangue pelo organismo. Isto é, recebe sangue pobre em oxigénio, encaminha-o para os pulmões onde será enriquecido em oxigénio. O sangue enriquecido em oxigénio é então encaminhado novamente para o coração que será enviado para todas as partes do corpo humano. O eletrocardiograma desempenha um papel fundamental de modo a diagnosticar eventuais anomalias no correto funcionamento do coração. Estas anomalias podem dever-se a diversos fatores como tabaco, colesterol, pressão sanguínea alta ou diabetes entre outros. As anomalias associadas ao ritmo cardíaco são denominadas de arritmias. As arritmias são fundamentalmente originadas pela alteração da frequência ou do ritmo cardíaco. Utilizando a lógica difusa, pretendeu-se desenvolver um sistema que fizesse a identificação de um determinado número de tipos de batimentos entre os quais: o bloqueio do ramo esquerdo (LBBB), bloqueio do ramo direito (RBBB), contração prematura ventricular (VPC) e contração prematura auricular (APC). Todos os desenvolvimentos efetuados, a nível de programação, são neste documento relatados de forma a constituírem um possível guia para a utilização deste tipo de sistemas. Mais ainda, descrevem-se nele toda a pesquisa efetuada e as alternativas de desenvolvimento selecionadas. O Sistema de Deteção de Arritmias (SDA) desenvolvido mostrou-se eficaz desde que o utilizador consiga identificar corretamente os parâmetros que lhe são pedidos. A interface gráfica desenvolvida permitiu também uma maior facilidade durante a análise do sinal eletrocardiográfico.