Geradores eólicos. Caraterísticas elétricas

A produção de eletricidade a partir de energia eólica tem vindo a crescer de forma rápida e sustentada desde 1985. Atualmente, existem geradores eólicos localizados em todo o mundo cuja potência já atinge valores superiores a 3000 MW. As principais tecnologias utilizadas na conversão eletromecânica de energia eólica em energia elétrica são baseadas principalmente em três tipos de máquinas elétricas: • A máquina de Corrente Contínua (Máquina DC) • A máquina Síncrona de Corrente Alternada • A máquina Assíncrona de Indução Estas máquinas apresentam um princípio de funcionamento baseado nas leis da indução eletromagnética, assente no princípio das ações e reações eletromagnéticas, devidamente justificadas pelas leis de Faraday, Lenz e Laplace.

Fractional analysis of traffic dynamics

This article presents a dynamical analysis of several traffic phenomena, applying a new modelling formalism based on the embedding of statistics and Laplace transform. The new dynamic description integrates the concepts of fractional calculus leading to a more natural treatment of the continuum of the Transfer Function parameters intrinsic in this system. The results using system theory tools point out that it is possible to study traffic systems, taking advantage of the knowledge gathered with automatic control algorithms. Dynamics, Games and Science I Dynamics, Games and Science I Look Inside Other actions Export citation About this Book Reprints and Permissions Add to Papers Share Share this content on Facebook Share this content on Twitter Share this content on LinkedIn

Simulation and dynamics of freeway traffic

This paper presents the new package entitled Simulator of Intelligent Transportation Systems (SITS) and a computational oriented analysis of traffic dynamics. The SITS adopts a microscopic simulation approach to reproduce real traffic conditions considering different types of vehicles, drivers and roads. A set of experiments with the SITS reveal the dynamic phenomena exhibited by this kind of system. For this purpose a modelling formalism is developed that embeds the statistics and the Laplace transform. The results make possible the adoption of classical system theory tools and point out that it is possible to study traffic systems taking advantage of the knowledge gathered with automatic control algorithms. A complementary perspective for the analysis of the traffic flow is also quantified through the entropy measure.

Analysis of diffusion process in fractured reservoirs using fractional derivative approach

The fractal geometry is used to model of a naturally fractured reservoir and the concept of fractional derivative is applied to the diffusion equation to incorporate the history of fluid flow in naturally fractured reservoirs. The resulting fractally fractional diffusion (FFD) equation is solved analytically in the Laplace space for three outer boundary conditions. The analytical solutions are used to analyze the response of a naturally fractured reservoir considering the anomalous behavior of oil production. Several synthetic examples are provided to illustrate the methodology proposed in this work and to explain the diffusion process in fractally fractured systems.

Modelling and Control of Freeway Traffic

This paper presents the most recent developments of the Simulator of Intelligent Transportation Systems (SITS). The SITS is based on a microscopic simulation approach to reproduce real traffic conditions in an urban or non-urban network. In order to analyse the quality of the microscopic traffic simulator SITS a benchmark test was performed. A dynamical analysis of several traffic phenomena, applying a new modelling formalism based on the embedding of statistics and Laplace transform, is then addressed. The paper presents also a new traffic control concept applied to a freeway traffic system.