Transmission cost allocation using cooperative game theory: a comparative study

In this paper is presented a Game Theory based methodology to allocate transmission costs, considering cooperation and competition between producers. As original contribution, it finds the degree of participation on the additional costs according to the demand behavior. A comparative study was carried out between the obtained results using Nucleolus balance and Shapley Value, with other techniques such as Averages Allocation method and the Generalized Generation Distribution Factors method (GGDF). As example, a six nodes network was used for the simulations. The results demonstrate the ability to find adequate solutions on open access environment to the networks.

Technical and economic resources management in smart grids using heuristic optimization methods

Intensive use of Distributed Generation (DG) represents a change in the paradigm of power systems operation making small-scale energy generation and storage decision making relevant for the whole system. This paradigm led to the concept of smart grid for which an efficient management, both in technical and economic terms, should be assured. This paper presents a new approach to solve the economic dispatch in smart grids. The proposed methodology for resource management involves two stages. The first one considers fuzzy set theory to define the natural resources range forecast as well as the load forecast. The second stage uses heuristic optimization to determine the economic dispatch considering the generation forecast, storage management and demand response

Contrastive terminology: semitic, anglo-germanic and latin concept building through complex terms. (avoiding one-way method procedures in translation

This paper aims to present a contrastive approach between three different ways of building concepts after proving the similar syntactic possibilities that coexist in terms. However, from the semantic point of view we can see that each language family has a different distribution in meaning. But the most important point we try to show is that the differences found in the psychological process when communicating concepts should guide the translator and the terminologist in the target text production and the terminology planning process. Differences between languages in the information transmission process are due to the different roles the different types of knowledge play. We distinguish here the analytic-descriptive knowledge and the analogical knowledge among others. We also state that none of them is the best when determining the correctness of a term, but there has to be adequacy criteria in the selection process. This concept building or term building success is important when looking at the linguistic map of the information society.

Sistemas hápticos no apoio à educação: estudo da aerodinâmica

É considerado um dos problemas na educação o facto de a aprendizagem poder ser muito baseada no uso da teoria. Sendo as experiências do ser humano uma grande parte da forma como vemos e vivemos o mundo, torna-se imprescindível o hábito da prática na formação do nosso conhecimento. Embora a teoria seja sempre necessária na construção de conceitos, deve ser complementada com a experiência de forma a consolidar a aprendizagem para melhor noção da realidade. Esta dissertação descreve uma didáctica para a integração de dispositivos hápticos aplicados à educação, concebendo assim um novo e inovador método de ensino aliado à prática. Dependendo da aceitação por parte dos alunos, este método de uso de tecnologia na educação para fins práticos pode revelar-se revolucionário. Experiências que seriam difíceis de realizar tornam-se possíveis de simular de uma forma real com a ajuda dos sistemas hápticos, em que a variedade de matérias que as aplicações podem simular é vasta. Especificamente, este trabalho fundamenta-se no estudo da aerodinâmica no voo com recurso a uma aplicação desenvolvida para o efeito e à potencialidade do aparelho háptico Novint Falcon, um interface sensorial táctil entre uma pessoa e um computador, de custo relativamente baixo em relação à generalidade dos preços deste tipo de dispositivos. Os testes que estudantes realizaram à aplicação revelaram grande interesse e curiosidade pela novidade da tecnologia háptica e apreciação no conceito do seu uso prático na educação. De forma geral, todos os alunos que participaram no ensaio do programa transmitiram feedback positivo, expressando maior ganho de motivação e desejo em ver este sistema aplicado a outras disciplinas.

A teoria dos detalhes luminosos de Ezra Pound e a teoria das cores e da vibração de Wassily Kandinsky: novas possibilidade exegéticas e tradutivas

O objectivo deste artigo é aplicar aos Estudos de Tradução Literária o binómio literatura-imagem com origem no Expressionismo alemão e no Vorticismo inglês, optando por um suporte teórico tão seminal quanto a ficcionalidade a que se destinava a expectativa programática dessas vanguardas, nas décadas dez e vinte do passado século. Da poética visual de Wassily Kandinsky, formulada em Über das Geistige in der Kunst - insbesondere in der Malerei [Do Espiritual na Arte](Kandinsky, 1912/1952), falarei da noção de Vibração. Da poética textual de Ezra Pound, exposta em ―I Gather the Limbs of Osiris‖ (1911/12), remeterei para a Teoria dos Detalhes Luminosos. São duas poéticas que, partindo de meios de expressão distintos – a imagem e a palavra, apresentam consideráveis pontos de contacto, no que diz respeito à abordagem produtiva e receptiva do objecto artístico. Ambas suspendem a procura convencional de um sentido na arte e na literatura, reunindo novas possibilidades exegéticas e, por conseguinte, tradutivas: a articulação entre a palavra poética e a imagem, com um amplo leque de possibilidades relativo a modos de estrutura perceptual, que se viriam a revelar proféticos, muito especialmente no que diz respeito à Tradução Artística, seja literária ou intersemiótica.

Quais os motivos do insucesso de algumas crianças na aprendizagem musical? Motivação e Flow Theory

Este artigo aborda a natureza da motivação na sua relação com a aprendizagem musical. Um dos objectivos principais é problematizar a questão das diferenças no sucesso da aprendizagem musical quando nos encontramos perante indivíduos com níveis aparentemente semelhantes de capacidade e potencial musicais. Começa por apresentar um conjunto de modelos teóricos que oferecem uma visão acerca das razões que podem explicar as variações e mudanças na motivação. Refere-se investigação recente que sugere que os processos motivacionais não são pré-determinados mas podem ser aprendidos e que os indivíduos, para atingir níveis elevados de sucesso, necessitam de uma focagem no processo por oposição a uma focagem no produto. São introduzidos e explorados processos cognitivos fundamentais relacionados com a aprendizagem musical (por exemplo, comportamento au to-regulado, papel da motivação intrínseca e extrínseca) . Como conclusão, sugerem-se algumas práticas específicas para que os professores possam reflectir acerca da melhor forma de encorajar e aumentar a motivação dos seus alunos para aprender música.

Strategic bidding in electricity markets: an agent-based simulator with game theory for scenario analysis

Electricity markets are complex environments, involving a large number of different entities, with specific characteristics and objectives, making their decisions and interacting in a dynamic scene. Game-theory has been widely used to support decisions in competitive environments; therefore its application in electricity markets can prove to be a high potential tool. This paper proposes a new scenario analysis algorithm, which includes the application of game-theory, to evaluate and preview different scenarios and provide players with the ability to strategically react in order to exhibit the behavior that better fits their objectives. This model includes forecasts of competitor players’ actions, to build models of their behavior, in order to define the most probable expected scenarios. Once the scenarios are defined, game theory is applied to support the choice of the action to be performed. Our use of game theory is intended for supporting one specific agent and not for achieving the equilibrium in the market. MASCEM (Multi-Agent System for Competitive Electricity Markets) is a multi-agent electricity market simulator that models market players and simulates their operation in the market. The scenario analysis algorithm has been tested within MASCEM and our experimental findings with a case study based on real data from the Iberian Electricity Market are presented and discussed.

Extending fixed task-priority schedulability by interference limitation

While the earliest deadline first algorithm is known to be optimal as a uniprocessor scheduling policy, the implementation comes at a cost in terms of complexity. Fixed taskpriority algorithms on the other hand have lower complexity but higher likelihood of task sets being declared unschedulable, when compared to earliest deadline first (EDF). Various attempts have been undertaken to increase the chances of proving a task set schedulable with similar low complexity. In some cases, this was achieved by modifying applications to limit preemptions, at the cost of flexibility. In this work, we explore several variants of a concept to limit interference by locking down the ready queue at certain instances. The aim is to increase the prospects of schedulability of a given task system, without compromising on complexity or flexibility, when compared to the regular fixed task-priority algorithm. As a final contribution, a new preemption threshold assignment algorithm is provided which is less complex and more straightforward than the previous method available in the literature.

An implicit GTS allocation mechanism in IEEE 802.15.4 for time-sensitive wireless sensor networks: theory and practice

Timeliness guarantee is an important feature of the recently standardized IEEE 802.15.4 protocol, turning it quite appealing for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications under timing constraints. When operating in beacon-enabled mode, this protocol allows nodes with real-time requirements to allocate Guaranteed Time Slots (GTS) in the contention-free period. The protocol natively supports explicit GTS allocation, i.e. a node allocates a number of time slots in each superframe for exclusive use. The limitation of this explicit GTS allocation is that GTS resources may quickly disappear, since a maximum of seven GTSs can be allocated in each superframe, preventing other nodes to benefit from guaranteed service. Moreover, the GTS may be underutilized, resulting in wasted bandwidth. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes i-GAME, an implicit GTS Allocation Mechanism in beacon-enabled IEEE 802.15.4 networks. The allocation is based on implicit GTS allocation requests, taking into account the traffic specifications and the delay requirements of the flows. The i-GAME approach enables the use of one GTS by multiple nodes, still guaranteeing that all their (delay, bandwidth) requirements are satisfied. For that purpose, we propose an admission control algorithm that enables to decide whether to accept a new GTS allocation request or not, based not only on the remaining time slots, but also on the traffic specifications of the flows, their delay requirements and the available bandwidth resources. We show that our approach improves the bandwidth utilization as compared to the native explicit allocation mechanism defined in the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. We also present some practical considerations for the implementation of i-GAME, ensuring backward compatibility with the IEEE 801.5.4 standard with only minor add-ons. Finally, an experimental evaluation on a real system that validates our theoretical analysis and demonstrates the implementation of i-GAME is also presented

Object transportation by multiple mobile robots controlled by attractor dynamics: theory and implementation

Dynamical systems theory is used as a theoretical language and tool to design a distributed control architecture for teams of mobile robots, that must transport a large object and simultaneously avoid collisions with (either static or dynamic) obstacles. Here we demonstrate in simulations and implementations in real robots that it is possible to simplify the architectures presented in previous work and to extend the approach to teams of n robots. The robots have no prior knowledge of the environment. The motion of each robot is controlled by a time series of asymptotical stable states. The attractor dynamics permits the integration of information from various sources in a graded manner. As a result, the robots show a strikingly smooth an stable team behaviour.

A straightforward method to obtain the cohesive laws of bonded joints under mode I loading

A simple procedure to measure the cohesive laws of bonded joints under mode I loading using the double cantilever beam test is proposed. The method only requires recording the applied load–displacement data and measuring the crack opening displacement at its tip in the course of the experimental test. The strain energy release rate is obtained by a procedure involving the Timoshenko beam theory, the specimen’s compliance and the crack equivalent concept. Following the proposed approach the influence of the fracture process zone is taken into account which is fundamental for an accurate estimation of the failure process details. The cohesive law is obtained by differentiation of the strain energy release rate as a function of the crack opening displacement. The model was validated numerically considering three representative cohesive laws. Numerical simulations using finite element analysis including cohesive zone modeling were performed. The good agreement between the inputted and resulting laws for all the cases considered validates the model. An experimental confirmation was also performed by comparing the numerical and experimental load–displacement curves. The numerical load–displacement curves were obtained by adjusting typical cohesive laws to the ones measured experimentally following the proposed approach and using finite element analysis including cohesive zone modeling. Once again, good agreement was obtained in the comparisons thus demonstrating the good performance of the proposed methodology.

Overcoming the objectification of western classical music with the concept of music as a process

Dissertation to obtain the degree of Master in Music - Artistic Interpretation

Fractional control of heat diffusion systems

The concept of differentiation and integration to non-integer order has its origins in the seventeen century. However, only in the second-half of the twenty century appeared the first applications related to the area of control theory. In this paper we consider the study of a heat diffusion system based on the application of the fractional calculus concepts. In this perspective, several control methodologies are investigated and compared. Simulations are presented assessing the performance of the proposed fractional-order algorithms.