Lipid content and fatty acid profile of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858) juveniles as affected by feed containing different amounts of plant protein sources

A growth trial with Senegalese Sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858) juveniles fed with diets containing increasing replacement levels of fishmeal by mixtures of plant protein sources was conducted over 12 weeks. Total fat contents of muscle, liver, viscera, skin, fins and head tissues were determined, as well as fatty acid profiles of muscle and liver (GC-FID analysis). Liver was the preferential local for fat deposition (5.5–10.8% of fat) followed by fins (3.4–6.7% fat). Increasing levels of plant protein in the diets seems to be related to increased levels of total lipids in the liver. Sole muscle is lean (2.4–4.0% fat), with total lipids being similar among treatments. Liver fatty acid profile varied significantly among treatments. Plant protein diets induced increased levels of C16:1 and C18:2 n -6 and a decrease in ARA and EPA levels. Muscle fatty acid profile also evidenced increasing levels of C18:2 n 6, while ARA and DHA remained similar among treatments. Substitution of fishmeal by plant protein is hence possible without major differences on the lipid content and fatty acid profile of the main edible portion of the fish – the muscle.

Europa nach 1945 – zur situation nach dem zweiten weltkrieg

Bevor man „Europa― als politisches Konzept in zahlreichen theoretischen Texten erörterte, ist in der deutschen Literatur der Gedanke eines vereinten Europas schon seit dem 16. Jahrhundert thematisiert worden. Im folgenden Aufsatz sollen Texte der Essayisten Ernst Jünger, Frank Thiess, Werner Bergengruen und Klaus Mann (20. Jahrhundert), in denen ihr Standpunkt bezüglich des Europa-Gedanken, d.h. ein vereintes Europa zur Zeit nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg zum Ausdruck gebracht wird. Dabei sind hauptsächlich Gemeinsamkeiten und Differenzen zwischen den Autoren unter geistigen und historischen Gesichtspunkten zu ziehen.