ß-lactamases in the biochemistry and molecular biology laboratory

β-lactamases are hydrolytic enzymes that inactivate the β-lactam ring of antibiotics such as penicillins and cephalosporins. The major diversity of studies carried out until now have mainly focused on the characterization of β-lactamases recovered among clinical isolates of Gram-positive staphylococci and Gram-negative enterobacteria, amongst others. However, only some studies refer to the detection and development of β-lactamases carriers in healthy humans, sick animals, or even in strains isolated from environmental stocks such as food, water, or soils. Considering this, we proposed a 10-week laboratory programme for the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology laboratory for majors in the health, environmental, and agronomical sciences. During those weeks, students would be dealing with some basic techniques such as DNA extraction, bacterial transformation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gel electrophoresis, and the use of several bioinformatics tools. These laboratory exercises would be conducted as a mini research project in which all the classes would be connected with the previous ones. This curriculum was compared in an experiment involving two groups of students from two different majors. The new curriculum, with classes linked together as a mini research project, was taught to a major in Pharmacy and an old curriculum was taught to students from environmental health. The results showed that students who were enrolled in the new curriculum obtained better results in the final exam than the students who were enrolled in the former curriculum. Likewise, these students were found to be more enthusiastic during the laboratory classes than those from the former curriculum.

An integrated reusable remote laboratory to complement electronics teaching

The great majority of the courses on science and technology areas where lab work is a fundamental part of the apprenticeship was not until recently available to be taught at distance. This reality is changing with the dissemination of remote laboratories. Supported by resources based on new information and communication technologies, it is now possible to remotely control a wide variety of real laboratories. However, most of them are designed specifically to this purpose, are inflexible and only on its functionality they resemble the real ones. In this paper, an alternative remote lab infrastructure devoted to the study of electronics is presented. Its main characteristics are, from a teacher's perspective, reusability and simplicity of use, and from a students' point of view, an exact replication of the real lab, enabling them to complement or finish at home the work started at class. The remote laboratory is integrated in the Learning Management System in use at the school, and therefore, may be combined with other web experiments and e-learning strategies, while safeguarding security access issues.

Extended immersive learning environment: a hybrid remote/virtual laboratory

This paper presents a collaborative virtual learning environment, which includes technologies such as 3D virtual representations, learning and content management systems, remote experiments, and collaborative learning spaces, among others. It intends to facilitate the construction, management and sharing of knowledge among teachers and students, in a global perspective. The environment proposes the use of 3D social representations for accessing learning materials in a dynamic and interactive form, which is regarded to be closer to the physical reality experienced by teachers and students in a learning context. A first implementation of the proposed extended immersive learning environment, in the area of solid mechanics, is also described, including the access to theoretical contents and a remote experiment to determine the elastic modulus of a given object.These instructions give you basic guidelines for preparing camera-ready papers for conference proceedings. Use this document as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The electronic file of your paper will be formatted further. Define all symbols used in the abstract. Do not cite references in the abstract.

People counting system using existing surveillance video camera

The Casa da Música Foundation, responsible for the management of Casa da Música do Porto building, has the need to obtain statistical data related to the number of building’s visitors. This information is a valuable tool for the elaboration of periodical reports concerning the success of this cultural institution. For this reason it was necessary to develop a system capable of returning the number of visitors for a requested period of time. This represents a complex task due to the building’s unique architectural design, characterized by very large doors and halls, and the sudden large number of people that pass through them in moments preceding and proceeding the different activities occurring in the building. To achieve the technical solution for this challenge, several image processing methods, for people detection with still cameras, were first studied. The next step was the development of a real time algorithm, using OpenCV libraries and computer vision concepts,to count individuals with the desired accuracy. This algorithm includes the scientific and technical knowledge acquired in the study of the previous methods. The themes developed in this thesis comprise the fields of background maintenance, shadow and highlight detection, and blob detection and tracking. A graphical interface was also built, to help on the development, test and tunning of the proposed system, as a complement to the work. Furthermore, tests to the system were also performed, to certify the proposed techniques against a set of limited circumstances. The results obtained revealed that the algorithm was successfully applied to count the number of people in complex environments with reliable accuracy.

Contextual and Environmental Awareness Laboratory for Energy Consumption Management

The recent changes on power systems paradigm requires the active participation of small and medium players in energy management. With an electricity price fluctuation these players must manage the consumption. Lowering costs and ensuring adequate user comfort levels. Demand response can improve the power system management and bring benefits for the small and medium players. The work presented in this paper, which is developed aiming the smart grid context, can also be used in the current power system paradigm. The proposed system is the combination of several fields of research, namely multi-agent systems and artificial neural networks. This system is physically implemented in our laboratories and it is used daily by researchers. The physical implementation gives the system an improvement in the proof of concept, distancing itself from the conventional systems. This paper presents a case study illustrating the simulation of real-time pricing in a laboratory.

Desenvolvimento e Controlo de um Veículo Autónomo Aéreo Quadrotor

A crescente necessidade de meios de inspecção e recolha de informação de infraestruturas e do meio ambiente natural, origina o recurso a meios tecnológicos cada vez mais evoluídos. Neste contexto, os robôs móveis autónomos aéreos surgem como uma ferramenta importante. Em particular, os veículos aéreos de asa móvel, pela sua manobrabilidade e controlo podem-se utilizar eficazmente em meios complexos como cenários interiores onde o ambiente é parcialmente controlado. A sua utilização em coordenação com outros veículos robóticos móveis e em particular com a crescente autonomia de decisão, permitem uma eficiência elevada, por exemplo, em tarefas de recolha automática de informação, vigilância, apoio a comunicações, etc. A inexistência de um veículo autónomo de asa móvel no cenário multi-robótico desenvolvido pelo Laboratório de Sistemas Autónomos do Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, aliada às suas aplicações referidas, criou a necessidade do desenvolvimento de um veículo desta gama. Identificou-se, pois, o desenvolvimento de um veículo autónomo aéreo do tipo quadrotor com capacidade de vôo base estabilizado como o problema a resolver. Foi efectuado um levantamento de requisitos do sistema, a caracterização de um veículo autónomo aéreo Vertical Take-off and Landing - VTOL, e efectuado um trabalho de pesquisa a fim de possibilitar o conhecimento das técnicas e tecnologias envolvidas. Tendo em vista o objectivo de controlo e estabilização do veículo, foi efectuada a modelização do sistema que serviu não só para a melhor compreensão da sua dinâmica mas também para o desenvolvimento de um simulador que possibilitou a validação de estratégias de controlo e avaliação de comportamentos do veículo para diferentes cenários. A inexistência de controladores de motores brushless adequada (frequência de controlo), originou o desenvolvimento de um controlador dedicado para motores brushless, motores esses utilizados para a propulsão do veículo. Este controlador permite uma taxa de controlo a uma frequência de 20KHz, possui múltiplas interfaces de comunicação (CAN, RS232, Ethernet, SPI e JTAG), é de reduzido peso e dimensões e modular, visto ter sido implementado em dois módulos, i.e., permite a sua utilização com diferentes interfaces de potência. Projectou-se um veículo autónomo aéreo em termos físicos com a definição da sua arquitectura de hardware e software bem como o sistema de controlo de vôo. O sistema de estabilização de vôo compreende o processamento de informação fornecida por um sistema de navegação inercial, um sonar e o envio de referências de velocidade para cada um dos nós de controlo ligados a um barramento CAN instalado no veículo. A implementação do veículo foi alcançada nas suas vertentes mecânica, de hardware e software. O UAV foi equipado com um sistema computacional dotando-o de capacidades para o desempenho de tarefas previamente analisadas. No presente trabalho, são também tiradas algumas conclusões sobre o desenvolvimento do sistema e sua implementação bem como perspectivada a sua evolução futura no contexto de missões coordenadas de múltiplos veículos robóticos.