Marca institucional: a gestão da marca no contexto de uma IPSS

Relatório de Estágio apresentado ao Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Assessoria de Administração Orientadora: Doutora Isabel Ardions

Can power laws help us understand gene and proteome information?

Proteins are biochemical entities consisting of one or more blocks typically folded in a 3D pattern. Each block (a polypeptide) is a single linear sequence of amino acids that are biochemically bonded together. The amino acid sequence in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene or several genes encoded in the DNA-based genetic code. This genetic code typically uses twenty amino acids, but in certain organisms the genetic code can also include two other amino acids. After linking the amino acids during protein synthesis, each amino acid becomes a residue in a protein, which is then chemically modified, ultimately changing and defining the protein function. In this study, the authors analyze the amino acid sequence using alignment-free methods, aiming to identify structural patterns in sets of proteins and in the proteome, without any other previous assumptions. The paper starts by analyzing amino acid sequence data by means of histograms using fixed length amino acid words (tuples). After creating the initial relative frequency histograms, they are transformed and processed in order to generate quantitative results for information extraction and graphical visualization. Selected samples from two reference datasets are used, and results reveal that the proposed method is able to generate relevant outputs in accordance with current scientific knowledge in domains like protein sequence/proteome analysis.

Agrupamento de dados com restrições

Mestrado em Engenharia Informática

Semantic social network analysis

Mestrado em Engenharia Informática

Sistema de percepção visual para veículos autónomos aéreos

Esta dissertação aborda o problema de detecção e desvio de obstáculos "SAA- Sense And Avoid" em movimento para veículos aéreos. Em particular apresenta contribuições tendo em vista a obtenção de soluções para permitir a utilização de aeronaves não tripuladas em espaço aéreo não segregado e para aplicações civis. Estas contribuições caracterizam-se por: uma análise do problema de SAA em \UAV's - Unmmaned Aerial Vehicles\ civis; a definição do conceito e metodologia para o projecto deste tipo de sistemas; uma proposta de \ben- chmarking\ para o sistema SAA caracterizando um conjunto de "datasets\ adequados para a validação de métodos de detecção; respectiva validação experimental do processo e obtenção de "datasets"; a análise do estado da arte para a detecção de \Dim point features\ ; o projecto de uma arquitectura para uma solução de SAA incorporando a integração de compensação de \ego motion" e respectiva validação para um "dataset" recolhido. Tendo em vista a análise comparativa de diferentes métodos bem como a validação de soluções foi proposta a recolha de um conjunto de \datasets" de informação sensorial e de navegação. Para os mesmos foram definidos um conjunto de experiências e cenários experimentais. Foi projectado e implementado um setup experimental para a recolha dos \datasets" e realizadas experiências de recolha recorrendo a aeronaves tripuladas. O setup desenvolvido incorpora um sistema inercial de alta precisão, duas câmaras digitais sincronizadas (possibilitando análise de informa formação stereo) e um receptor GPS. As aeronaves alvo transportam um receptor GPS com logger incorporado permitindo a correlação espacial dos resultados de detecção. Com este sistema foram recolhidos dados referentes a cenários de aproximação com diferentes trajectórias e condições ambientais bem como incorporando movimento do dispositivo detector. O método proposto foi validado para os datasets recolhidos tendo-se verificado, numa análise preliminar, a detecção do obstáculo (avião ultraleve) em todas as frames para uma distância inferior a 3 km com taxas de sucesso na ordem dos 95% para distâncias entre os 3 e os 4 km. Os resultados apresentados permitem validar a arquitectura proposta para a solução do problema de SAA em veículos aéreos autónomos e abrem perspectivas muito promissoras para desenvolvimento futuro com forte impacto técnico-científico bem como sócio-economico. A incorporação de informa formação de \ego motion" permite fornecer um forte incremento em termos de desempenho.

Clustering de dados biomédicos com algoritmos baseados em critérios entrópicos

A procura de padrões nos dados de modo a formar grupos é conhecida como aglomeração de dados ou clustering, sendo uma das tarefas mais realizadas em mineração de dados e reconhecimento de padrões. Nesta dissertação é abordado o conceito de entropia e são usados algoritmos com critérios entrópicos para fazer clustering em dados biomédicos. O uso da entropia para efetuar clustering é relativamente recente e surge numa tentativa da utilização da capacidade que a entropia possui de extrair da distribuição dos dados informação de ordem superior, para usá-la como o critério na formação de grupos (clusters) ou então para complementar/melhorar algoritmos existentes, numa busca de obtenção de melhores resultados. Alguns trabalhos envolvendo o uso de algoritmos baseados em critérios entrópicos demonstraram resultados positivos na análise de dados reais. Neste trabalho, exploraram-se alguns algoritmos baseados em critérios entrópicos e a sua aplicabilidade a dados biomédicos, numa tentativa de avaliar a adequação destes algoritmos a este tipo de dados. Os resultados dos algoritmos testados são comparados com os obtidos por outros algoritmos mais “convencionais" como o k-médias, os algoritmos de spectral clustering e um algoritmo baseado em densidade.

Terminology and knowledge engineering conference. New frontiers in the constructive symbiosis of terminology and knowledge engineering

To meet the increasing demands of the complex inter-organizational processes and the demand for continuous innovation and internationalization, it is evident that new forms of organisation are being adopted, fostering more intensive collaboration processes and sharing of resources, in what can be called collaborative networks (Camarinha-Matos, 2006:03). Information and knowledge are crucial resources in collaborative networks, being their management fundamental processes to optimize. Knowledge organisation and collaboration systems are thus important instruments for the success of collaborative networks of organisations having been researched in the last decade in the areas of computer science, information science, management sciences, terminology and linguistics. Nevertheless, research in this area didn’t give much attention to multilingual contexts of collaboration, which pose specific and challenging problems. It is then clear that access to and representation of knowledge will happen more and more on a multilingual setting which implies the overcoming of difficulties inherent to the presence of multiple languages, through the use of processes like localization of ontologies. Although localization, like other processes that involve multilingualism, is a rather well-developed practice and its methodologies and tools fruitfully employed by the language industry in the development and adaptation of multilingual content, it has not yet been sufficiently explored as an element of support to the development of knowledge representations - in particular ontologies - expressed in more than one language. Multilingual knowledge representation is then an open research area calling for cross-contributions from knowledge engineering, terminology, ontology engineering, cognitive sciences, computational linguistics, natural language processing, and management sciences. This workshop joined researchers interested in multilingual knowledge representation, in a multidisciplinary environment to debate the possibilities of cross-fertilization between knowledge engineering, terminology, ontology engineering, cognitive sciences, computational linguistics, natural language processing, and management sciences applied to contexts where multilingualism continuously creates new and demanding challenges to current knowledge representation methods and techniques. In this workshop six papers dealing with different approaches to multilingual knowledge representation are presented, most of them describing tools, approaches and results obtained in the development of ongoing projects. In the first case, Andrés Domínguez Burgos, Koen Kerremansa and Rita Temmerman present a software module that is part of a workbench for terminological and ontological mining, Termontospider, a wiki crawler that aims at optimally traverse Wikipedia in search of domainspecific texts for extracting terminological and ontological information. The crawler is part of a tool suite for automatically developing multilingual termontological databases, i.e. ontologicallyunderpinned multilingual terminological databases. In this paper the authors describe the basic principles behind the crawler and summarized the research setting in which the tool is currently tested. In the second paper, Fumiko Kano presents a work comparing four feature-based similarity measures derived from cognitive sciences. The purpose of the comparative analysis presented by the author is to verify the potentially most effective model that can be applied for mapping independent ontologies in a culturally influenced domain. For that, datasets based on standardized pre-defined feature dimensions and values, which are obtainable from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) have been used for the comparative analysis of the similarity measures. The purpose of the comparison is to verify the similarity measures based on the objectively developed datasets. According to the author the results demonstrate that the Bayesian Model of Generalization provides for the most effective cognitive model for identifying the most similar corresponding concepts existing for a targeted socio-cultural community. In another presentation, Thierry Declerck, Hans-Ulrich Krieger and Dagmar Gromann present an ongoing work and propose an approach to automatic extraction of information from multilingual financial Web resources, to provide candidate terms for building ontology elements or instances of ontology concepts. The authors present a complementary approach to the direct localization/translation of ontology labels, by acquiring terminologies through the access and harvesting of multilingual Web presences of structured information providers in the field of finance, leading to both the detection of candidate terms in various multilingual sources in the financial domain that can be used not only as labels of ontology classes and properties but also for the possible generation of (multilingual) domain ontologies themselves. In the next paper, Manuel Silva, António Lucas Soares and Rute Costa claim that despite the availability of tools, resources and techniques aimed at the construction of ontological artifacts, developing a shared conceptualization of a given reality still raises questions about the principles and methods that support the initial phases of conceptualization. These questions become, according to the authors, more complex when the conceptualization occurs in a multilingual setting. To tackle these issues the authors present a collaborative platform – conceptME - where terminological and knowledge representation processes support domain experts throughout a conceptualization framework, allowing the inclusion of multilingual data as a way to promote knowledge sharing and enhance conceptualization and support a multilingual ontology specification. In another presentation Frieda Steurs and Hendrik J. Kockaert present us TermWise, a large project dealing with legal terminology and phraseology for the Belgian public services, i.e. the translation office of the ministry of justice, a project which aims at developing an advanced tool including expert knowledge in the algorithms that extract specialized language from textual data (legal documents) and whose outcome is a knowledge database including Dutch/French equivalents for legal concepts, enriched with the phraseology related to the terms under discussion. Finally, Deborah Grbac, Luca Losito, Andrea Sada and Paolo Sirito report on the preliminary results of a pilot project currently ongoing at UCSC Central Library, where they propose to adapt to subject librarians, employed in large and multilingual Academic Institutions, the model used by translators working within European Union Institutions. The authors are using User Experience (UX) Analysis in order to provide subject librarians with a visual support, by means of “ontology tables” depicting conceptual linking and connections of words with concepts presented according to their semantic and linguistic meaning. The organizers hope that the selection of papers presented here will be of interest to a broad audience, and will be a starting point for further discussion and cooperation.

Classification Performance of Multilayer Perceptrons with Different Risk Functionals

In the present paper we assess the performance of information-theoretic inspired risks functionals in multilayer perceptrons with reference to the two most popular ones, Mean Square Error and Cross-Entropy. The information-theoretic inspired risks, recently proposed, are: HS and HR2 are, respectively, the Shannon and quadratic Rényi entropies of the error; ZED is a risk reflecting the error density at zero errors; EXP is a generalized exponential risk, able to mimic a wide variety of risk functionals, including the information-thoeretic ones. The experiments were carried out with multilayer perceptrons on 35 public real-world datasets. All experiments were performed according to the same protocol. The statistical tests applied to the experimental results showed that the ubiquitous mean square error was the less interesting risk functional to be used by multilayer perceptrons. Namely, mean square error never achieved a significantly better classification performance than competing risks. Cross-entropy and EXP were the risks found by several tests to be significantly better than their competitors. Counts of significantly better and worse risks have also shown the usefulness of HS and HR2 for some datasets.

A comunicação on-line das ONGs e a angariação de fundos

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentado ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Marketing Digital, sob orientação da Mestre Inês Veiga Pereira “Esta versão contém as críticas e sugestões dos elementos do júri”

A tecnologia ao serviço da educação: Práticas com TIC no 1º ciclo do ensino básico

As potencialidades das novas tecnologias criaram elevadas expectativas na educação. Efectivamente, o que fazem os professores com as tecnologias em contexto de classe com os seus alunos? Esta comunicação explora o modo como os professores do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico da região Porto de escolas públicas e privadas integraram as TIC (Quadro Interactivo, Software/Sites Didácticos, Blog, Plataforma Moodle) nas suas práticas pedagógicas e faz uma breve reflexão sobre o conceito de boas práticas. Constatamos que os professores têm uma visão diferente de boas práticas: para uns, é suficiente a simples utilização do computador como ferramenta sem alterarem a metodologia; para outros, mudou a concepção de professor ao experimentarem novas práticas que possibilitem a cada aluno momentos de aprendizagem. As boas práticas destacam-se pelos resultados excelentes que apresentam, pela sustentabilidade, democraticidade e transferibilidade a outros contextos.

Tuning metadata for better movie content-based recommendation systems

The increasing number of television channels, on-demand services and online content, is expected to contribute to a better quality of experience for a costumer of such a service. However, the lack of efficient methods for finding the right content, adapted to personal interests, may lead to a progressive loss of clients. In such a scenario, recommendation systems are seen as a tool that can fill this gap and contribute to the loyalty of users. Multimedia content, namely films and television programmes are usually described using a set of metadata elements that include the title, a genre, the date of production, and the list of directors and actors. This paper provides a deep study on how the use of different metadata elements can contribute to increase the quality of the recommendations suggested. The analysis is conducted using Netflix and Movielens datasets and aspects such as the granularity of the descriptions, the accuracy metric used and the sparsity of the data are taken into account. Comparisons with collaborative approaches are also presented.

Sagrada melancolia

Pretende-se, com este Trabalho de Projecto, incitar a essa discussão o que acontece no que concerne à tradução de poesia, neste caso através da realização de uma tradução para a língua Inglesa da obra Sagrada Melancolia, de Sérgio Pereira. Mediante a discussão patente sobre a traduzibilidade da poesia, será esta impossível? Intraduzível? E, se possível, através de que metodologias, teorias e respectivas opções tradutivas? Para o presente Trabalho de Projecto foram consideradas e aplicadas as teorias de tradutores, linguistas e poetas, como John Dryden, Alexander Tytler, Eugène Nida, Roman Jakobson, Jean Paul Vinay e Jean Paul Darbelnet, Juliane House e Peter Newmark. Sendo a Poesia uma forma de Arte, a sua tradução será também Arte? Considera-se sugerir à editora a publicação da obra traduzida. Faz, também, parte deste Trabalho de Projecto a intenção de Localizar o blog Sagrada Melancolia para as línguas Inglesa, Francesa e Espanhola, em colaboração com o autor, Sérgio Pereira.