Road drivers performance appraisal using a MCDA method: a case study in the road transport company

Performance evaluation increasingly assumes a more important role in any organizational environment. In the transport area, the drivers are the company’s image and for this reason it is important to develop and increase their performance and commitment to the company goals. This evaluation can be used to motivate driver to improve their performance and to discover training needs. This work aims to create a performance appraisal evaluation model of the drivers based on the multi-criteria decision aid methodology. The MMASSI (Multicriteria Methodology to Support Selection of Information Systems) methodology was adapted by using a template supporting the evaluation according to the freight transportation company in study. The evaluation process involved all drivers (collaborators being evaluated), their supervisors and the company management. The final output is a ranking of the drivers, based on their performance, for each one of the scenarios used.

Finding a school technological partner: a multicriteria method for school information system producer selection

The choice of an information systems is a critical factor of success in an organization's performance, since, by involving multiple decision-makers, with often conflicting objectives, several alternatives with aggressive marketing, makes it particularly complex by the scope of a consensus. The main objective of this work is to make the analysis and selection of a information system to support the school management, pedagogical and administrative components, using a multicriteria decision aid system – MMASSITI – Multicriteria Method- ology to Support the Selection of Information Systems/Information Technologies – integrates a multicriteria model that seeks to provide a systematic approach in the process of choice of Information Systems, able to produce sustained recommendations concerning the decision scope. Its application to a case study has identi- fied the relevant factors in the selection process of school educational and management information system and get a solution that allows the decision maker’ to compare the quality of the various alternatives.

Comparison of Disposable Pipette Extraction and Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction in the QuEChERS Method for Analysis of Pesticides in Strawberries

In this study, we sought to assess the applicability of GC–MS/MS for the identification and quantification of 36 pesticides in strawberry from integrated pest management (IPM) and organic farming (OF). Citrate versions of QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) using dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) and disposable pipette extraction (DPX) for cleanup were compared for pesticide extraction. For cleanup, a combination of MgSO4, primary secondary amine and C18 was used for both the versions. Significant differences were observed in recovery results between the two sample preparation versions (DPX and d-SPE). Overall, 86% of the pesticides achieved recoveries (three spiking levels 10, 50 and 200 µg/kg) in the range of 70–120%, with <13% RSD. The matrix effects were also evaluated in both the versions and in strawberries from different crop types. Although not evidencing significant differences between the two methodologies were observed, however, the DPX cleanup proved to be a faster technique and easy to execute. The results indicate that QuEChERS with d-SPE and DPX and GC–MS/MS analysis achieved reliable quantification and identification of 36 pesticide residues in strawberries from OF and IPM.

Reação dos mercados de CDS e de cotações bolsistas a anúncios de rating: o caso dos maiores bancos portugueses

A presente dissertação tem como principal objetivo avaliar a capacidade que os mercados de Credit Default Swaps (CDS) e acionista apresentam de antecipar alterações nas notações das principais Agências de Rating mundiais. Para esse efeito serão analisadas as cotações diárias dos prémios de CDS e as cotações diárias de ações dos quatro principais bancos portugueses entre 2004 e 2012, bem como os eventos de rating associados a esses bancos. A literatura existente, apresenta, resultados que tendem a evidenciar que os CDS reagem, regra geral, de forma mais rápida a anúncios das Agências de Rating e que esta mesma reação é maior para eventos negativos (downgrade das notações de rating) do que para eventos positivos (upgrade das notações). O presente estudo detecta, para dois daqueles bancos alguma capacidade dos prémios dos CDS anteciparem eventos negativos de rating.

Cultura organizacional e desempenho: o impacto da cultura organizacional no desempenho financeiro

Esta dissertação visa o estudo da influência da cultura organizacional no desempenho financeiro das organizações. Nesse contexto, procuramos analisar qual a cultura predominante das organizações, de forma a estabelecer posteriormente uma relação entre a cultura e o desempenho das empresas. Para isso a metodologia seguida foi a realização de um inquérito por questionário a empresas da região Douro de Portugal no sentido de obter, através de uma adaptação ao instrumento desenvolvido por Cameron e Quinn (2006), a cultura predominante da empresa, os indicadores financeiros necessários ao nosso estudo assim como, uma caracterização da amostra recolhida. Para análise e tratamento dos dados recolhidos através do inquérito por questionário foi utilizada a ferramenta estatística SPSS que nos permitiu retirar ilações sobre as características da amostra, assim como sobre a relação existente entre cultura organizacional e desempenho financeiro, esta relação foi avaliada através de testes de correlação e regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados sugerem que as variáveis culturais, cultura adocrática, mercado e hierárquica e o número de colaboradores explicam em cerca de 20% o resultado líquido ajustado. Também se verificou um efeito positivo da cultura adocrática e de mercado, embora o efeito da cultura de mercado seja mais forte que o da adocrática, e o efeito negativo da cultura hierárquica, ainda que estes resultados não sejam estatisticamente significativos. Não existem evidências que os tipos de cultura analisados (adocrática, de mercado e hierárquica) estão significativamente associados ao desempenho financeiro, avaliado pelos resultados líquidos ajustados, das empresas analisadas, quer pelos testes de correlação quer pelos resultados da estimação do modelo de regressão linear múltipla.

Bases de Dados NoSQL

Com o advento da invenção do modelo relacional em 1970 por E.F.Codd, a forma como a informação era gerida numa base de dados foi totalmente revolucionada. Migrou‐se de sistemas hierárquicos baseados em ficheiros para uma base de dados relacional com tabelas relações e registos que simplificou em muito a gestão da informação e levou muitas empresas a adotarem este modelo. O que E.F.Codd não previu foi o facto de que cada vez mais a informação que uma base de dados teria de armazenar fosse de proporções gigantescas, nem que as solicitações às bases de dados fossem da mesma ordem. Tudo isto veio a acontecer com a difusão da internet que veio ligar todas as pessoas de qualquer parte do mundo que tivessem um computador. Com o número de adesões à internet a crescer, o número de sites que nela eram criados também cresceu (e ainda cresce exponencialmente). Os motores de busca que antigamente indexavam alguns sites por dia, atualmente indexam uns milhões de sites por segundo e, mais recentemente as redes sociais também estão a lidar com quantidades gigantescas de informação. Tanto os motores de busca como as redes sociais chegaram à conclusão que uma base de dados relacional não chega para gerir a enorme quantidade de informação que ambos produzem e como tal, foi necessário encontrar uma solução. Essa solução é NoSQL e é o assunto que esta tese vai tratar. O presente documento visa definir e apresentar o problema que as bases de dados relacionais têm quando lidam com grandes volumes de dados, introduzir os limites do modelo relacional que só até há bem pouco tempo começaram a ser evidenciados com o surgimento de movimentos, como o BigData, com o crescente número de sites que surgem por dia e com o elevado número de utilizadores das redes sociais. Será também ilustrada a solução adotada até ao momento pelos grandes consumidores de dados de elevado volume, como o Google e o Facebook, enunciando as suas características vantagens, desvantagens e os demais conceitos ligados ao modelo NoSQL. A presente tese tenciona ainda demonstrar que o modelo NoSQL é uma realidade usada em algumas empresas e quais as principias mudanças a nível programático e as boas práticas delas resultantes que o modelo NoSQL traz. Por fim esta tese termina com a explicação de que NoSQL é uma forma de implementar a persistência de uma aplicação que se inclui no novo modelo de persistência da informação.

Electricity markets modeling considering complex contracts and aggregators

All over the world, the liberalization of electricity markets, which follows different paradigms, has created new challenges for those involved in this sector. In order to respond to these challenges, electric power systems suffered a significant restructuring in its mode of operation and planning. This restructuring resulted in a considerable increase of the electric sector competitiveness. Particularly, the Ancillary Services (AS) market has been target of constant renovations in its operation mode as it is a targeted market for the trading of services, which have as main objective to ensure the operation of electric power systems with appropriate levels of stability, safety, quality, equity and competitiveness. In this way, with the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources including distributed generation, demand response, storage units and electric vehicles, it is essential to develop new smarter and hierarchical methods of operation of electric power systems. As these resources are mostly connected to the distribution network, it is important to consider the introduction of this kind of resources in AS delivery in order to achieve greater reliability and cost efficiency of electrical power systems operation. The main contribution of this work is the design and development of mechanisms and methodologies of AS market and for energy and AS joint market, considering different management entities of transmission and distribution networks. Several models developed in this work consider the most common AS in the liberalized market environment: Regulation Down; Regulation Up; Spinning Reserve and Non-Spinning Reserve. The presented models consider different rules and ways of operation, such as the division of market by network areas, which allows the congestion management of interconnections between areas; or the ancillary service cascading process, which allows the replacement of AS of superior quality by lower quality of AS, ensuring a better economic performance of the market. A major contribution of this work is the development an innovative methodology of market clearing process to be used in the energy and AS joint market, able to ensure viable and feasible solutions in markets, where there are technical constraints in the transmission network involving its division into areas or regions. The proposed method is based on the determination of Bialek topological factors and considers the contribution of the dispatch for all services of increase of generation (energy, Regulation Up, Spinning and Non-Spinning reserves) in network congestion. The use of Bialek factors in each iteration of the proposed methodology allows limiting the bids in the market while ensuring that the solution is feasible in any context of system operation. Another important contribution of this work is the model of the contribution of distributed energy resources in the ancillary services. In this way, a Virtual Power Player (VPP) is considered in order to aggregate, manage and interact with distributed energy resources. The VPP manages all the agents aggregated, being able to supply AS to the system operator, with the main purpose of participation in electricity market. In order to ensure their participation in the AS, the VPP should have a set of contracts with the agents that include a set of diversified and adapted rules to each kind of distributed resource. All methodologies developed and implemented in this work have been integrated into the MASCEM simulator, which is a simulator based on a multi-agent system that allows to study complex operation of electricity markets. In this way, the developed methodologies allow the simulator to cover more operation contexts of the present and future of the electricity market. In this way, this dissertation offers a huge contribution to the AS market simulation, based on models and mechanisms currently used in several real markets, as well as the introduction of innovative methodologies of market clearing process on the energy and AS joint market. This dissertation presents five case studies; each one consists of multiple scenarios. The first case study illustrates the application of AS market simulation considering several bids of market players. The energy and ancillary services joint market simulation is exposed in the second case study. In the third case study it is developed a comparison between the simulation of the joint market methodology, in which the player bids to the ancillary services is considered by network areas and a reference methodology. The fourth case study presents the simulation of joint market methodology based on Bialek topological distribution factors applied to transmission network with 7 buses managed by a TSO. The last case study presents a joint market model simulation which considers the aggregation of small players to a VPP, as well as complex contracts related to these entities. The case study comprises a distribution network with 33 buses managed by VPP, which comprises several kinds of distributed resources, such as photovoltaic, CHP, fuel cells, wind turbines, biomass, small hydro, municipal solid waste, demand response, and storage units.

Disposable immunosensor using a simple method for oriented antibody immobilization for label-free real-time detection of an oxidative stress biomarker implicated in cancer diseases

This work proposes a novel approach for a suitable orientation of antibodies (Ab) on an immunosensing platform, applied here to the determination of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG), a biomarker of oxidative stress that has been associated to chronic diseases, such as cancer. The anti-8OHdG was bound to an amine modified gold support through its Fc region after activation of its carboxylic functions. Non-oriented approaches of Ab binding to the platform were tested in parallel, in order to show that the presented methodology favored Ab/Ag affinity and immunodetection of the antigen. The immunosensor design was evaluated by quartz-crystal microbalance with dissipation, atomic force microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and square-wave voltammetry. EIS was also a suitable technique to follow the analytical behavior of the device against 8OHdG. The affinity binding between 8OHdG and the antibody immobilized in the gold modified platform increased the charge transfer resistance across the electrochemical set-up. The observed behavior was linear from 0.02 to 7.0 ng/mL of 8OHdG concentrations. The interference from glucose, urea and creatinine was found negligible. An attempt of application to synthetic samples was also successfully conducted. Overall, the presented approach enabled the production of suitably oriented Abs over a gold platform by means of a much simpler process than other oriented-Ab binding approaches described in the literature, as far as we know, and was successful in terms of analytical features and sample application.

The effect of method, standard and sample components on the total antioxidant capacity of commercial waters assessed by optical conventional assays

The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of 28 flavoured water samples was assessed by ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) methods. It was observed that flavoured waters had higher antioxidant activity than the corresponding natural ones. The observed differences were attributed to flavours, juice and vitamins. Generally, higher TAC contents were obtained on lemon waters and lower values on guava and raspberry flavoured waters. Lower and higher TACs were obtained by TRAP and ORAC method, respectively. Statistical analysis suggested that vitamins and flavours increased the antioxidant content of the commercial waters.

Rapid automated method for on-site determination of sulfadiazine in fish farming: a stainless steel veterinary syringe coated with a selective membrane of PVC serving as a potentiometric detector in a flow-injection-analysis system

Sulfadiazine is an antibiotic of the sulfonamide group and is used as a veterinary drug in fish farming. Monitoring it in the tanks is fundamental to control the applied doses and avoid environmental dissemination. Pursuing this goal, we included a novel potentiometric design in a flow-injection assembly. The electrode body was a stainless steel needle veterinary syringe of 0.8-mm inner diameter. A selective membrane of PVC acted as a sensory surface. Its composition, the length of the electrode, and other flow variables were optimized. The best performance was obtained for sensors of 1.5-cm length and a membrane composition of 33% PVC, 66% onitrophenyloctyl ether, 1% ion exchanger, and a small amount of a cationic additive. It exhibited Nernstian slopes of 61.0 mV decade-1 down to 1.0×10-5 mol L-1, with a limit of detection of 3.1×10-6 mol L-1 in flowing media. All necessary pH/ionic strength adjustments were performed online by merging the sample plug with a buffer carrier of 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid, pH 4.9. The sensor exhibited the advantages of a fast response time (less than 15 s), long operational lifetime (60 days), and good selectivity for chloride, nitrite, acetate, tartrate, citrate, and ascorbate. The flow setup was successfully applied to the analysis of aquaculture waters. The analytical results were validated against those obtained with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry procedures. The sampling rate was about 84 samples per hour and recoveries ranged from 95.9 to 106.9%.

Local Fractional Variational Iteration Method for Local Fractional Poisson Equations in Two Independent Variables

The local fractional Poisson equations in two independent variables that appear in mathematical physics involving the local fractional derivatives are investigated in this paper. The approximate solutions with the nondifferentiable functions are obtained by using the local fractional variational iteration method.

Relações entre o tipo de respiração, as funções executivas e o comportamento numa amostra de crianças do ensino básico

Envolvido na necessidade emergente de associar a Saúde à Educação e da importância e proeminência que a literatura tem manifestado sobre a respiração e as suas implicações na aprendizagem, este estudo pretende explorar e identificar as principais características anátomo-fisiológicas de alunos com RN e RO, apresentar as alterações do comportamento em alunos com RN e alunos com RO, expôr as modificações das funções executivas em alunos com RN e alunos com RO e a relação entre as funções executivas e o comportamento em alunos com RN e alunos com RO. Foram avaliados 169 alunos do 2º ciclo de escolaridade da Escola Eb2/3 de São João da Madeira na respiração, no comportamento e funções executivas – com recurso à adaptação da Avaliação Miofuncional Orofacial – MBGR, do Questionário de Autoavaliação para Jovens (Youth Self Report) e do Inventário de Classificação Comportamental de Funções Executivas – ICCFE-C/A (versão para crianças/adolescentes). Usou-se a avaliação miofuncional orofacial para se obter a caraterização do modo respiratório e das alterações miofuncionais na amostra; e o questionário de autoavaliação comportamental e o inventário de classificação comportamental de funções executivas para verificar a existência de relação entre o desempenho comportamental e funções executivas com o modo respiratório. Os alunos com modo respiratório predominantemente oral apresentam maior incidência de alterações miofuncionais e de modificações comportamentais e nas funções executivas em comparação de alunos com respiração predominantemente nasal.

Calibration Method for Underwater Visual Ground-Truth System

This work presents an automatic calibration method for a vision based external underwater ground-truth positioning system. These systems are a relevant tool in benchmarking and assessing the quality of research in underwater robotics applications. A stereo vision system can in suitable environments such as test tanks or in clear water conditions provide accurate position with low cost and flexible operation. In this work we present a two step extrinsic camera parameter calibration procedure in order to reduce the setup time and provide accurate results. The proposed method uses a planar homography decomposition in order to determine the relative camera poses and the determination of vanishing points of detected lines in the image to obtain the global pose of the stereo rig in the reference frame. This method was applied to our external vision based ground-truth at the INESC TEC/Robotics test tank. Results are presented in comparison with an precise calibration performed using points obtained from an accurate 3D LIDAR modelling of the environment.

Validation of QuEChERS method for organochlorine pesticides analysis in tamarind (Tamarindus indica) products: Peel, fruit and commercial pulp

In this study a citrate-buffered version of QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) method for determination of 14 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues in tamarind peel, fruit and commercial pulp was optimized using gas chromatography (GC) coupled with electron-capture detector (ECD) and confirmation by GC tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS). Five procedures were tested based on the original QuEChERS method. The best one was achieved with increased time in ultrasonic bath. For the extract clean-up, primary secondary amine (PSA), octadecyl-bonded silica (C18) and magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) were used as sorbents for tamarind fruit and commercial pulp and for peel was also added graphitized carbon black (GCB). The samples mass was optimized according to the best recoveries (1.0 g for peel and fruit; 0.5 g for pulp). The method results showed the matrix-matched calibration curve linearity was r2 > 0.99 for all target analytes in all samples. The overall average recoveries (spiked at 20, 40 and 60 μg kg−1) have been considered satisfactory presenting values between 70 and 115% with RSD of 2–15 % (n = 3) for all analytes, with the exception of HCB (in peel sample). The ranges of limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for OCPs were for peel (LOD: 8.0–21 μg kg−1; LOQ: 27–98 μg kg−1); for fruit (LOD: 4–10 μg kg−1; LOQ: 15–49 μg kg−1) and for commercial pulp (LOD: 2–5 μg kg−1; LOQ: 7–27 μg kg−1). The method was successfully applied in tamarind samples being considered a rapid, sensitive and reliable procedure.