Uma perspectiva teórica sobre o conservatório geral de arte dramática

A implementação do ensino artístico público assumido por um Estado com uma função política e uma responsabilidade sobre a educação ocorre, em Portugal, com o aparecimento do regime liberal, nomeadamente, durante o governo Setembrista de Passos Manuel em 1856. É neste período que Almeida Garrett elabora e propõe ao executivo um Plano para a fundação e reorganização do Theatro Nacional que, entre muitos outros aspectos, englobava a criação da primeira instituição de ensino artístico pública - o Conservatório Geral de Arte Dramática. O presente artigo tem como objectivo apresentar a perspectiva teórica elaborada para a análise do Conservatório Geral de Arte Dramática, mediante o olhar da Sociologia das Organizações, como uma realidade organizacional educativo, em que o conhecimento será obtido por evidências indirectas e por visualizações daquilo que ela pode ter de semelhante mediante a interpretação das dimensões política e organizacional da instituição e da descodi6cação do processo de implementação operado pela racionalidade dominante através da utilização de metáforas organizacionais. Esta formulação teórica insere-se num trabalho de dissertação de mestrado com o título A reforma do Ensino da Música no contexto das reformas liberais: do Conservatório Geral de Arte Dramática de 1836 ao Conservatório Real de Lisboa de 1841.

Evaluation of distinct input methods of an intelligent wheelchair in simulated and real environments: a performance and usability study

This paper focuses on evaluating the usability of an Intelligent Wheelchair (IW) in both real and simulated environments. The wheelchair is controlled at a high-level by a flexible multimodal interface, using voice commands, facial expressions, head movements and joystick as its main inputs. A Quasi-experimental design was applied including a deterministic sample with a questionnaire that enabled to apply the System Usability Scale. The subjects were divided in two independent samples: 46 individuals performing the experiment with an Intelligent Wheelchair in a simulated environment (28 using different commands in a sequential way and 18 with the liberty to choose the command); 12 individuals performing the experiment with a real IW. The main conclusion achieved by this study is that the usability of the Intelligent Wheelchair in a real environment is higher than in the simulated environment. However there were not statistical evidences to affirm that there are differences between the real and simulated wheelchairs in terms of safety and control. Also, most of users considered the multimodal way of driving the wheelchair very practical and satisfactory. Thus, it may be concluded that the multimodal interfaces enables very easy and safe control of the IW both in simulated and real environments.

Run-time monitoring in real-time operating systems

Embedded systems are increasingly complex and dynamic, imposing progressively higher developing time and costs. Tuning a particular system for deployment is thus becoming more demanding. Furthermore when considering systems which have to adapt themselves to evolving requirements and changing service requests. In this perspective, run-time monitoring of the system behaviour becomes an important requirement, allowing to dynamically capturing the actual scheduling progress and resource utilization. For this to succeed, operating systems need to expose their internal behaviour and state, making it available to external applications, and a runtime monitoring mechanism must be available. However, such mechanism can impose a burden in the system itself if not wisely used. In this paper we explore this problem and propose a framework, which is intended to provide this run-time mechanism whilst achieving code separation, run-time efficiency and flexibility for the final developer.

Capacity sharing and stealing in serverbased real-time systems

A dynamic scheduler that supports the coexistence of guaranteed and non-guaranteed bandwidth servers is proposed. Overloads are handled by an efficient reclaiming of residual capacities originated by early completions as well as by allowing reserved capacity stealing of non-guaranteed bandwidth servers. The proposed dynamic budget accounting mechanism ensures that at a particular time the currently executing server is using a residual capacity, its own capacity or is stealing some reserved capacity, eliminating the need of additional server states or unbounded queues. The server to which the budget accounting is going to be performed is dynamically determined at the time instant when a capacity is needed. This paper describes and evaluates the proposed scheduling algorithm, showing that it can efficiently reduce the mean tardiness of periodic jobs. The achieved results become even more significant when tasks’ computation times have a large variance.