Procedimento de distribuição de hemoderivados no Centro Hospitalar de São João, EPE

Introdução: A distribuição de Hemoderivados está associada a um circuito especial e que dá cumprimento ao Despacho Conjunto nº 1051/2000 (2ª série) de 14 de Setembro, publicado no Diário da República nº 251 de 30 de Outubro 2000 que regula o registo de medicamentos derivados do plasma. Isto acontece devido à natureza destes medicamentos que, por serem derivados do plasma humano, acarretam risco biológico, sendo sempre acompanhados de certificados de análise emitidos pelo INFARMED e que asseguram a sua segurança. Todas as actividades referentes à requisição, distribuição e administração de Hemoderivados têm de ser registadas num modelo de registo oficial, o que torna mais fácil a rastreabilidade da medicação dispensada e leva a um maior controlo desta. Desde a prescrição médica até à administração da medicação existem diversos passos que têm de ser realizados e que envolvem o preenchimento da requisição oficial, sendo indispensável a realização de todas as tarefas com o maior cuidado de forma a possibilitar uma dispensa de medicação correcta e eficaz, seguindo todos os parâmetros legislados. Material e Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo observacional, do tipo descritivo simples que permitiu verificar o conjunto de procedimentos compreendidos entre a realização da prescrição médica e a recepção da medicação preparada pelos Serviços Farmacêuticos, circuito que envolve diversos profissionais, nomeadamente Médicos, Técnicos de Diagnóstico e Terapêutica (TDT), Assistentes Operacionais (AO), Técnicos Superiores de Saúde (TSS), entre outros. Para a realização do estudo utilizou-se como base o período de estágio realizado nos circuitos especiais de distribuição de medicamentos no Centro Hospitalar de São João, EPE (CHSJ, EPE). Para a demonstração dos resultados realizou-se um fluxograma, utilizando o software Microsoft Office Visio 2010®, em que se pode verificar todos os passos necessários até a medicação ser administrada ao doente. Resultados: Os resultados encontram-se esquematizados na forma de um fluxograma que explica, de forma sucinta, todo o circuito especial de distribuição dos Hemoderivados desde a prescrição feita pelo médico até à recepção da medicação por parte dos serviços clínicos. Discussão / Conclusões: O circuito de distribuição de Hemoderivados adoptado pelo CHSJ, EPE segue todos os passos que permitem a correcta dispensa e administração da medicação. É imperativo que todas as partes envolvidas neste circuito tenham consciência de todos os aspectos que envolvem este tipo de distribuição, nomeadamente os aspectos burocráticos, ou seja, o correcto preenchimento do modelo oficial e que permite registar todas as actividades referentes à requisição, distribuição e administração de Hemoderivados.

VPP´s multi-level negotiation in smart grids and competitive electricity markets

The increase of distributed generation (DG) has brought about new challenges in electrical networks electricity markets and in DG units operation and management. Several approaches are being developed to manage the emerging potential of DG, such as Virtual Power Players (VPPs), which aggregate DG plants; and Smart Grids, an approach that views generation and associated loads as a subsystem. This paper presents a multi-level negotiation mechanism for Smart Grids optimal operation and negotiation in the electricity markets, considering the advantages of VPPs’ management. The proposed methodology is implemented and tested in MASCEM – a multiagent electricity market simulator, developed to allow deep studies of the interactions between the players that take part in the electricity market negotiations.

A new approach for multi-agent coalition formation and management in the scope of electricity markets

This paper presents a new methodology for the creation and management of coalitions in Electricity Markets. This approach is tested using the multi-agent market simulator MASCEM, taking advantage of its ability to provide the means to model and simulate VPP (Virtual Power Producers). VPPs are represented as coalitions of agents, with the capability of negotiating both in the market, and internally, with their members, in order to combine and manage their individual specific characteristics and goals, with the strategy and objectives of the VPP itself. The new features include the development of particular individual facilitators to manage the communications amongst the members of each coalition independently from the rest of the simulation, and also the mechanisms for the classification of the agents that are candidates to join the coalition. In addition, a global study on the results of the Iberian Electricity Market is performed, to compare and analyze different approaches for defining consistent and adequate strategies to integrate into the agents of MASCEM. This, combined with the application of learning and prediction techniques provide the agents with the ability to learn and adapt themselves, by adjusting their actions to the continued evolving states of the world they are playing in.

Multi-agent negotiation for coalition formation and management in electricity markets

Negotiation is a fundamental tool for reaching understandings that allow each involved party to gain an advantage for themselves by the end of the process. In recent years, with the increasing of compe-titiveness in most sectors, negotiation procedures become present in practically all of them. One particular environment in which the competitiveness has been increasing exponentially is the electricity markets sector. This work is directed to the study of electricity markets’ partici-pating entities interaction, namely in what concerns the formation, management and operation of aggregating entities – Virtual Power Players (VPPs). VPPs are responsible for managing coalitions of market players with small market negotiating influence, which take strategic advantage in entering such aggregations, to increase their negotiating power. This chapter presents a negotiation methodology for the creation and management of coalitions in Electricity Markets. This approach is tested using MASCEM, taking advantage of its ability to provide the means to model and simulate VPPs. VPPs are represented as coalitions of agents, with the capability of negotiating both in the market, and internally, with their members, in order to combine and manage their individual specific characteristics and goals, with the strategy and objectives of the VPP itself.

Modelo transteórico de mudança de comportamentos na promoção da actividade física nas grávidas

Objectivo: Determinar se o Modelo Transteórico de Mudança de Comportamento (MTMC) é eficaz na promoção da actividade física (AF) nas grávidas. Metodologia: O grupo experimental (GE) participou no projecto “Mães em Movimento” baseado no MTMC. Aplicou-se o Questionário de AF para Gestantes, Escala de Estados de Mudança, Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire e Questionário de Conhecimentos. Resultados: Na 2ª avaliação, no GE, todas as grávidas referiram praticar AF. A motivação intrínseca e os conhecimentos aumentaram Conclusão: O MTMC revelou-se um modelo eficaz na promoção da AF em grávidas.

Multi-agent systems and birtual producers in electronic marketplaces

This paper presents an agent-based simulator designed for analyzing agent market strategies based on a complete understanding of buyer and seller behaviours, preference models and pricing algorithms, considering user risk preferences. The system includes agents that are capable of improving their performance with their own experience, by adapting to the market conditions. In the simulated market agents interact in several different ways and may joint together to form coalitions. In this paper we address multi-agent coalitions to analyse Distributed Generation in Electricity Markets

Multi-agent based electricity market simulator with VPP: Conceptual and implementation issues

This paper presents a new architecture for the MASCEM, a multi-agent electricity market simulator. This is implemented in a Prolog which is integrated in the JAVA program by using the LPA Win-Prolog Intelligence Server (IS) provides a DLL interface between Win-Prolog and other applications. This paper mainly focus on the MASCEM ability to provide the means to model and simulate Virtual Power Producers (VPP). VPPs are represented as a coalition of agents, with specific characteristics and goals. VPPs can reinforce the importance of these generation technologies making them valuable in electricity markets.

Intelligent multi-player smart grid management considering distributed energy resources and demand response

The smart grid concept is rapidly evolving in the direction of practical implementations able to bring smart grid advantages into practice. Evolution in legacy equipment and infrastructures is not sufficient to accomplish the smart grid goals as it does not consider the needs of the players operating in a complex environment which is dynamic and competitive in nature. Artificial intelligence based applications can provide solutions to these problems, supporting decentralized intelligence and decision-making. A case study illustrates the importance of Virtual Power Players (VPP) and multi-player negotiation in the context of smart grids. This case study is based on real data and aims at optimizing energy resource management, considering generation, storage and demand response.

Multi-dimensional scaling applied to histogram-based DNA analysis

This paper aims to study the relationships between chromosomal DNA sequences of twenty species. We propose a methodology combining DNA-based word frequency histograms, correlation methods, and an MDS technique to visualize structural information underlying chromosomes (CRs) and species. Four statistical measures are tested (Minkowski, Cosine, Pearson product-moment, and Kendall τ rank correlations) to analyze the information content of 421 nuclear CRs from twenty species. The proposed methodology is built on mathematical tools and allows the analysis and visualization of very large amounts of stream data, like DNA sequences, with almost no assumptions other than the predefined DNA “word length.” This methodology is able to produce comprehensible three-dimensional visualizations of CR clustering and related spatial and structural patterns. The results of the four test correlation scenarios show that the high-level information clusterings produced by the MDS tool are qualitatively similar, with small variations due to each correlation method characteristics, and that the clusterings are a consequence of the input data and not method’s artifacts.

Procedimento de distribuição de estupefacientes e psicotrópicos no Centro Hospitalar de São João, EPE

Introdução: A distribuição de medicamentos estupefacientes e psicotrópicos exige um tipo de distribuição especial, dada as suas características particulares. Neste sentido, por imposição legal e pelas características do próprio medicamento é necessário um circuito especial de distribuição, encontrando-se implementada no Centro Hospitalar de São João, EPE (CHSJ, EPE) a distribuição mista. A distribuição mista inicia-se com uma prescrição médica por doente, sendo a dispensa da medicação feita por Serviço Clínico (SC) quando o stock do mesmo se encontra com níveis mínimos, procurando repôr as quantidades que já foram consumidas. Este trabalho pretende uma análise pormenorizada do procedimento de distribuição de estupefacientes e psicotrópicos nesta instituição, dando a conhecer os cuidados especiais envolvidos. Material e Métodos: Utilizou-se como método de trabalho o estudo observacional, descritivo simples, com o intuito de analisar quais os procedimentos aplicados na distribuição de Estupfacientes e Psicotrópicos no CHSJ, EPE, desde a elaboração da prescrição médica, até à dispensa da medicação e sua entrega pelos Serviços Farmacêuticos, analisando igualmente quais os profissionais envolvidos nas diferentes etapas do processo. Resultados: Os resultados foram apresentados através de um fluxograma, utilizando o Microsoft Visio 2010®. Discussão de Resultados/Conclusões: O circuito estabelecido para a dispensa de estupefacientes e psicotrópicos visa o máximo controlo da medicação administrada e evitar a sua associação a actos ilícitos. Dada a burocracia associada a este circuito de distribuição, o reajuste do modelo de receita médica relativa a estas substâncias para o formato electrónico seria benéfico. Esta medida evitaria a circulação de papel nos serviços, permitiria um fácil controlo dos pedidos de requisição pela enfermagem, evitaria a deslocação dos Assistentes Operacionais dos SC à Farmácia e facilitaria o processo de validação, sem que a segurança do circuito fosse posta em causa.

Multi-apprentice learning for meta-heuristics parameter tuning in a multi agent scheduling system

The scheduling problem is considered in complexity theory as a NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. Meta-heuristics proved to be very useful in the resolution of this class of problems. However, these techniques require parameter tuning which is a very hard task to perform. A Case-based Reasoning module is proposed in order to solve the parameter tuning problem in a Multi-Agent Scheduling System. A computational study is performed in order to evaluate the proposed CBR module performance.

Case-based reasoning for meta-heuristics self-parameterization in a multi-agent scheduling system

A novel agent-based approach to Meta-Heuristics self-configuration is proposed in this work. Meta-heuristics are examples of algorithms where parameters need to be set up as efficient as possible in order to unsure its performance. This paper presents a learning module for self-parameterization of Meta-heuristics (MHs) in a Multi-Agent System (MAS) for resolution of scheduling problems. The learning is based on Case-based Reasoning (CBR) and two different integration approaches are proposed. A computational study is made for comparing the two CBR integration perspectives. In the end, some conclusions are reached and future work outlined.

Cooperation mechanism for team-work based multi-agent system in dynamic scheduling through meta-heuristics

This paper describes a Multi-agent Scheduling System that assumes the existence of several Machines Agents (which are decision-making entities) distributed inside the Manufacturing System that interact and cooperate with other agents in order to obtain optimal or near-optimal global performances. Agents have to manage their internal behaviors and their relationships with other agents via cooperative negotiation in accordance with business policies defined by the user manager. Some Multi Agent Systems (MAS) organizational aspects are considered. An original Cooperation Mechanism for a Team-work based Architecture is proposed to address dynamic scheduling using Meta-Heuristics.

ABS4GD: a multi-agent system that simulates group decision processes considering emotional and argumentative aspects

Emotion although being an important factor in our every day life it is many times forgotten in the development of systems to be used by persons. In this work we present an architecture for a ubiquitous group decision support system able to support persons in group decision processes. The system considers the emotional factors of the intervenient participants, as well as the argumentation between them. Particular attention will be taken to one of components of this system: the multi-agent simulator, modeling the human participants, considering emotional characteristics, and allowing the exchanges of hypothetic arguments among the participants.

ISEM: a multi-agent system that simulates competitive electronic marketplaces

With the increasing importance of large commerce across the Internet it is becoming increasingly evident that in a few years the Iternet will host a large number of interacting software agents. a vast number of them will be economically motivated, and will negociate a variety of goods and services. It is therefore important to consider the economic incentives and behaviours of economic software agents, and to use all available means to anticipate their collective interactions. This papers addresses this concern by presenting a multi-agent market simulator designed for analysing agent market strategies based on a complete understanding of buyer and seller behaviours, preference models and pricing algorithms, consideting risk preferences. The system includes agents that are capable of increasing their performance with their own experience, by adapting to the market conditions. The results of the negotiations between agents are analysed by data minig algorithms in order to extract rules that give agents feedback to imprive their strategies.