Protecção contra descargas atmosféricas: aplicação informática de identificação das vulnerabilidades das edificações e de apoio à concepção da protecção

A concepção de instalações eléctricas deve garantir condições de segurança para as pessoas e equipamentos. Para tal é exigida, quer por força de regulamentação ou de normalização, a instalação de dispositivos que garantam a detecção e a protecção contra os defeitos mais comuns nas instalações eléctricas como, por exemplo, as sobreintensidades e as sobretensões. Susceptíveis de criar sobretensões perigosas nas instalações eléctricas, as descargas atmosféricas podem ainda causar danos estruturais elevados, o que, em algumas actividades económicas, torna fundamental a implementação de medidas de protecção contra este fenómeno natural. A protecção contra descargas atmosféricas directas consiste em identificar as vulnerabilidades das estruturas e, nesses locais, implementar dispositivos de captura, direccionamento e escoamento da descarga atmosférica à terra, em condições de segurança. O presente trabalho, desenvolvido no âmbito da dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Electrotécnica, visa desenvolver e implementar uma ferramenta computacional, baseada em programas de desenho assistido por computador (CAD) de utilização corrente na área de projecto de arquitectura e de engenharia, que permita, no âmbito de normas internacionais, a análise e implementação de sistemas de protecção em edifícios contra descargas atmosféricas de uma forma rápida e expedita. Baseado num programa CAD 3D, que permite a modelização tridimensional das estruturas a proteger, a ferramenta desenvolvida tentará identificar as suas vulnerabilidades das estruturas às descargas atmosféricas directas, com o intuito de implementar as medidas de protecção mais adequadas do ponto de vista técnico económico. Prevê-se que a ferramenta resultante deste estudo, o Simulador do Modelo Electrogeométrico (SIMODEL), possibilite aos projectistas e particularmente aos alunos das unidades curriculares na área do projecto de instalações eléctricas da Área Departamental de Engenharia de Sistemas e Potencia e Automação (ADESPA) do ISEL, estudar e implementar sistemas de protecção contra descargas atmosféricas (SPDA) baseados na normalização internacional do CENELEC e da IEC, nomeadamente as normas da série 62305.

Tools for testing the Solvency Capital Requirement for life insurance

Longevity risk is one of the major risks that an insurance company or a pension fund has to deal with and it is expected that its importance will grow in the near future. In agreement with these considerations, in Solvency II regulation the Standard formula furnished for calculating the Solvency Capital Requirement explicitly considers this kind of risk. According to the new European rules in our paper we suggest a multiperiod approach to evaluate the SCR for longevity risk. We propose a backtesting framework for measuring the consistency of SCR calculations for life insurance policies.

Study on influence of the new CoDeSys V3.0 on the existing CoDeSys discipline of the Mind8 Engineering Center

CoDeSys "Controller Development Systems" is a development environment for programming in the area of automation controllers. It is an open source solution completely in line with the international industrial standard IEC 61131-3. All five programming languages for application programming as defined in IEC 61131-3 are available in the development environment. These features give professionals greater flexibility with regard to programming and allow control engineers have the ability to program for many different applications in the languages in which they feel most comfortable. Over 200 manufacturers of devices from different industrial sectors offer intelligent automation devices with a CoDeSys programming interface. In 2006, version 3 was released with new updates and tools. One of the great innovations of the new version of CoDeSys is object oriented programming. Object oriented programming (OOP) offers great advantages to the user for example when wanting to reuse existing parts of the application or when working on one application with several developers. For this reuse can be prepared a source code with several well known parts and this is automatically generated where necessary in a project, users can improve then the time/cost/quality management. Until now in version 2 it was necessary to have hardware interface called “Eni-Server” to have access to the generated XML code. Another of the novelties of the new version is a tool called Export PLCopenXML. This tool makes it possible to export the open XML code without the need of specific hardware. This type of code has own requisites to be able to comply with the standard described above. With XML code and with the knowledge how it works it is possible to do component-oriented development of machines with modular programming in an easy way. Eplan Engineering Center (EEC) is a software tool developed by Mind8 GmbH & Co. KG that allows configuring and generating automation projects. Therefore it uses modules of PLC code. The EEC already has a library to generate code for CoDeSys version 2. For version 3 and the constant innovation of drivers by manufacturers, it is necessary to implement a new library in this software. Therefore it is important to study the XML export to be then able to design any type of machine. The purpose of this master thesis is to study the new version of the CoDeSys XML taking into account all aspects and impact on the existing CoDeSys V2 models and libraries in the company Harro Höfliger Verpackungsmaschinen GmbH. For achieve this goal a small sample named “Traffic light” in CoDeSys version 2 will be done and then, using the tools of the new version it there will be a project with version 3 and also the EEC implementation for the automatically generated code.

A remote virtual experiment in mechanical engineering

Conferência: 2nd Experiment at International Conference (Exp at)- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal - Sep 18-20, 2013

Relatório de estágio na Empresa Biodroid Entertainment

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia de Redes de Comunicação e Multimédia