Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in children from 0 to 14 years hospitalized at the Pediatric Hospital David Bernardino, Luanda, Angola

The Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzymatic defect in the world. The most common clinical manifestations are acute hemolytic anemia associated with drugs, infections, neonatal jaundice and hemolytic non-spherocytic chronic anemia. The main aim of this study was to determine the frequency of major genetic variants of G6PD leading to enzyme deficiency in children from 0 to 14 years at a Pediatric Hospital in Luanda, Angola. A cross-sectional and descriptive analytical study covered a total of 194 children aged from 0 to 14 years, of both genders and hospitalized at the Pediatric Hospital David Bernardino, Luanda between November and December, 2011. The G202A, A376G and C563T mutations of the G6PD gene were determined by real-time PCR with Taqman probes. The disabled A-/A- genotype was detected in 10 girls (10.9%). Among the boys, 21 (20.6%) presented the genotype A-. Considering all the samples, the A- variant was observed in 22.4% of cases. The Mediterranean mutation was not detected in the Angolan sample. Furthermore, no association was found between genotype and anemia, nutritional state and mucosa color. A significant association, however, was observed with jaundice. Based on the results obtained, there is a clear need to identify those with the disabled genotype in the Angolan population in order to avoid cases of drug-induced anemia, particularly in the treatment of malaria, so prevalent in Angola.

A 5GHz/1.8V CMOS Active Balun Integrated with LNA

The development of high performance monolithic RF front-ends requires innovative RF circuit design to make the best of a good technology. A fully differential approach is usually preferred, due to its well-known properties. Although the differential approach must be preserved inside the chip, there are cases where the input signal is single-ended such as RF image filters and IF filters in a RF receiver. In these situations, a stage able to convert single-ended into differential signals (balun) is needed. The most cited topology, which is capable of providing high gain, consists on a differential stage with one of the two inputs grounded. Unfortunately, this solution has some drawbacks when implemented monolithically. This work presents the design and simulated results of an innovative high-performance monolithic single to differential converter, which overcomes the limitations of the circuits.The integration of the monolithic active balun circuit with an LNA on a 0.18μm CMOS process is also reported. The circuits presented here are aimed at 802.11a. Section 2 describes the balun circuit and section 3 presents its performance when it is connected to a conventional single-ended LNA. Section 4 shows the simulated performance results focused at phase/amplitude balance and noise figure. Finally, the last section draws conclusions and future work.

UV-Vis spectroscopic study preferential solvation and intermolecular interactions in methanol/1-propanol/acetonitrile by means of solvatochromic probes

Solvatochromic UV-Vis shifts of four indicators (4-nitroaniline, 4-nitroanisole, 4-nitrophenol and N,N-dimethy-1-4-nitro aniline) have been measured at 298.15 K in the ternary mixture methano1/1-propanol/acetonitrile (MeOH/1-PrOH/MeCN) in a total of 22 mole fractions, along with 18 additional mole fractions for each of the corresponding binary mixtures, MeOH/1-PrOH, 1-PrOH/MeCN and MeOH/MeCN. These values, combined with our previous experimental results for 2,6-dipheny1-4-(2,4,6-triphenylpyridinium-1-yl)phenolate (Reichardt's betaine dye) in the same mixtures, permitted the computation of the Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters, alpha, beta, and pi*. The rationalization of the spectroscopic behavior of each probe within each mixture's whole mole fraction range was achieved through the use of the Bosch and Roses preferential solvation model. The applied model allowed the identification of synergistic behaviors in MeCN/alcohol mixtures and thus to infer the existence of solvent complexes in solution. Also, the addition of small amounts of MeCN to the binary mixtures was seen to cause a significant variation in pi*, whereas the addition of alcohol to MeCN mixtures always lead to a sudden change in a and The behavior of these parameters in the ternary mixture was shown to be mainly determined by the contributions of the underlying binary mixtures. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Composition and antioxidant activity of thymus vulgaris volatiles: comparison between supercritical fluid extraction and hydrodistillation

Supercritical fluid extraction (SEE) of the volatile oil from Thymus vulgaris L. aerial flowering parts was performed under different conditions of pressure, temperature, mean particle size and CO2 flow rate and the correspondent yield and composition were compared with those of the essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation (HD). Both the oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS and 52 components were identified. The main volatile components obtained were p-cymene (10.0-42.6% for SFE and 28.9-34.8% for HD), gamma-terpinene (0.8-6.9% for SFE and 5.1-7.0% for HD), linalool (2.3-5.3% for SFE and 2.8-3.1% for HD), thymol (19.5-40.8% for SFE and 35.4-41.6% for HD), and carvacrol (1.4-3.1% for SFE and 2.6-3.1% for HD). The main difference was found to be the relative percentage of thymoquinone (not found in the essential oil) and carvacryl methyl ether (1.0-1.2% for HD versus t-0.4 for SFE) which can explain the higher antioxidant activity, assessed by Rancimat test, of the SFE volatiles when compared with HD. Thymoquinone is considered a strong antioxidant compound.

Development of membranes for purification of liquid effluents from stainless steel pickling

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido no âmbito de um projecto europeu intitulado: “Operational demonstration of innovative and sustainable nitrate elimination in stainless steel pickling by higher power biological denitrification technique” Projecto RESP-CT-2007-00047, tendo em vista o desenvolvimento de membranas para o tratamento de efluente resultante da decapagem do aço inox. Numa fase inicial foram desenvolvidas membranas compostas assimétricas pelo método de polimerização interfacial. Estas membranas foram produzidas utilizando uma membrana comercial de suporte em polietersulfona e os filmes selectivos de poliamiada foram formados por reacção entre 1,3,5-tri(clorocarboni)benzeno (TMC) e várias dinaminas: piperazina (PIP), N-(2-aminoetil)-piperazina (EAP), 1,4-bis(3-aminopropil)-piperazina (DAPP), 6-metil-1,3,5 triazina-2,4 diamina (MTC), Isoforodiamina (IPD) e Dietilenetriamina (DET). A elaboração de membranas de TFC (thin film composite) tinha como objectivo a retenção de sais do efluente resultante da decapagem do aço inox. No entanto, chegou-se a conclusão de que o principal problema do efluente não era a retenção dos sais, mas sim a retenção da matéria orgânica. Assim, já não era necessa´ria a produção de membranas compostas, mas apenas uma membrana suporte simples de microfiltração. Numa segunda fase procedeu-se a preparação da membrana suporte pelo método da inversão de fase, tendo-se testado vários tipos de polímeros: PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PEI (Polyetherimide) e um polímero termoplástico geral. A membrana seleccionada foi a de PEI, com base na sua permeabilidade à água destilada e ao efluente resultante das águas residuais da decapagem do aço inox. Todas as membranas elaboradas durante a realização deste trabalho foram testadas na célula de Berghof a uma pressão de 4bar e com agitação. O principal prâmetro estudado foi a permeabilidade da membrana.

Cr2O3 thin films grown at room temperature by low pressure laser chemical vapour deposition

Chromia (Cr2O3) has been extensively explored for the purpose of developing widespread industrial applications, owing to the convergence of a variety of mechanical, physical and chemical properties in one single oxide material. Various methods have been used for large area synthesis of Cr2O3 films. However, for selective area growth and growth on thermally sensitive materials, laser-assisted chemical vapour deposition (LCVD) can be applied advantageously. Here we report on the growth of single layers of pure Cr2O3 onto sapphire substrates at room temperature by low pressure photolytic LCVD, using UV laser radiation and Cr(CO)(6) as chromium precursor. The feasibility of the LCVD technique to access selective area deposition of chromia thin films is demonstrated. Best results were obtained for a laser fluence of 120 mJ cm(-2) and a partial pressure ratio of O-2 to Cr(CO)(6) of 1.0. Samples grown with these experimental parameters are polycrystalline and their microstructure is characterised by a high density of particles whose size follows a lognormal distribution. Deposition rates of 0.1 nm s(-1) and mean particle sizes of 1.85 mu m were measured for these films. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Teor crítico de cloretos para iniciação da corrosão do aço no betão

Este trabalho tem como objectivo a determinação do teor crítico de cloretos no betão, ou seja, o teor de cloretos à profundidade da armadura que é necessário para sustentar uma quebra localizada do filme de passivação e, por isso, iniciar a corrosão activa. Uma vez que não existe consenso quanto ao seu valor, este trabalho pretendia dar um contributo no estudo deste parâmetro, utilizando um procedimento que modele realisticamente a corrosão das armaduras em estruturas de betão armado expostas directamente a água do mar. Realizaram-se três séries de testes com cimentos de fontes diferentes. Utilizaram-se varões nervurados e incorporados no betão. Os iões cloreto foram introduzidos por absorção capilar e difusão e a despassivação foi detectada por medição do potencial de corrosão do aço. O teor crítico de cloretos foi determinado em relação à massa de cimento por titulação potenciométrica obtendo-se para a amassadura 1 um intervalo entre 1.0% e 1.6%, para a amassadura 2, um teor entre 0.5% e 0.9% e para a amassadura 3 obtiveram-se teores críticos entre 0.6% e 1.0%. Comparando com o teor máximo de cloretos definido pela norma NP EN 206-1, 0.4%, conclui-se que este valor não é conservador e é um valor para o qual efectivamente ainda não se iniciou a corrosão por cloretos podendo ser utilizado em modelos de previsão do início da corrosão das armaduras. Verificou-se que a não protecção dos varões nas amassaduras, principalmente na amassadura 1, levam a uma maior acessibilidade de oxigénio, provocando “crevice” e corrosão na armadura exposta ao ar, levando a teores críticos de cloretos erróneos. Efectuaram-se registos fotográficos e observações à lupa das armaduras bem como micrografias em MEV e microanálises por dispersão de Raios-X no betão adjacente à armadura. Verificou-se a existência de produtos de corrosão na armadura os quais continham iões cloreto.

A 5GHz1.8V Low Power CMOS Low-Noise Amplifier

Wireless local-area networks (WLANs) have been deployed as office and home communications infrastructures worldwide. The diversification of the standards, such as IEEE 802.11 series demands the design of RF front-ends. Low power consumption is one of the most important design concerns in the application of those technologies. To maintain competitive hardware costs, CMOS has been used since it is the best solution for low cost and high integration processing, allowing analog circuits to be mixed with digital ones. In the receiver chain, the low noise amplifier (LNA) is one of the most critical blocks in a transceiver design. The sensitivity is mainly determined by the LNA noise figure and gain. It interfaces with the pre-select filter and the mixer. Furthermore, since it is the first gain stage, care must be taken to provide accurate input match, low-noise figure, good linearity and a sufficient gain over a wide band of operation. Several CMOS LNAs have been reported during the last decade, showing that the most research has been done at 802.11/b and GSM standards (900-2400MHz spectrum) and more recently at 802.11/a (5GHz band). One of the more significant disadvantages of 802.11/b is that the frequency band is crowded and subject to interference from other technologies, as is 2.4GHz cordless phones and Bluetooth. As the demand for radio-frequency integrated circuits, operating at higher frequency bands, increases, the IEEE 802.11/a standard becomes a very attractive option to wireless communication system developers. This paper presents the design and implementation of a low power, low noise amplifier aimed at IEEE 802.11a for WLAN applications. It was designed to be integrated with an active balun and mixer, representing the first step toward a fully integrated monolithic WLAN receiver. All the required circuits are integrated at the same die and are powered by 1.8V supply source. Preliminary experimental results (S-parameters) are shown and promise excellent results. The LNA circuit design details are illustrated in Section 2. Spectre simulation results focused at gain, noise figure (NF) and input/output matching are presented in Section 3. Finally, conclusions and comparison with other recently reported LNAs are made in Section 4, followed by future work.

3D-2D image registration by nonlinear regression

We propose a 3D-2D image registration method that relates image features of 2D projection images to the transformation parameters of the 3D image by nonlinear regression. The method is compared with a conventional registration method based on iterative optimization. For evaluation, simulated X-ray images (DRRs) were generated from coronary artery tree models derived from 3D CTA scans. Registration of nine vessel trees was performed, and the alignment quality was measured by the mean target registration error (mTRE). The regression approach was shown to be slightly less accurate, but much more robust than the method based on an iterative optimization approach.

An Evaluation of Local Feature Combiners for Robot Visual Localization

In the last decade, local image features have been widely used in robot visual localization. To assess image similarity, a strategy exploiting these features compares raw descriptors extracted from the current image to those in the models of places. This paper addresses the ensuing step in this process, where a combining function must be used to aggregate results and assign each place a score. Casting the problem in the multiple classifier systems framework, we compare several candidate combiners with respect to their performance in the visual localization task. A deeper insight into the potential of the sum and product combiners is provided by testing two extensions of these algebraic rules: threshold and weighted modifications. In addition, a voting method, previously used in robot visual localization, is assessed. All combiners are tested on a visual localization task, carried out on a public dataset. It is experimentally demonstrated that the sum rule extensions globally achieve the best performance. The voting method, whilst competitive to the algebraic rules in their standard form, is shown to be outperformed by both their modified versions.

Intermodulation in active reconfigurable antennas

Due to the application of active components into antennas these became a source of distortion on wireless communication systems. In this paper we explore the nonlinear effects occurring in a frequency reconfigurable antenna operating with a PIN Diode. We describe the measurement setup used to check the antenna intermodulation products and the measured compression and third order intermodulation limitations of a frequency reconfigurable antenna, operating at the UMTS and WLAN frequencies.

Synthesis and characterization of COPPER(II) 4´-phenyl-terpyridine compounds and catalytic application for aerobic oxidation of benzylic alcohols

The reactions between 4'-phenyl-terpyridine (L) and nitrate, acetate or chloride Cu(II) salts led to the formation of [Cu(NO3)(2)L] (1), [Cu(OCOCH3)(2)L]center dot CH2Cl2 (2 center dot CH2Cl2)and [CuCl2L]center dot[Cu(Cl)(mu-Cl)L](2) (3), respectively. Upon dissolving 1 in mixtures of DMSO-MeOH or EtOH-DMF the compounds [Cu(H2O){OS(CH3)(2)}L]-(NO3)(2) (4) and [Cu(HO)(CH3CH2OH)L](NO3) (5) were obtained, in this order. Reaction of 3 with AgSO3CF3 led to [CuCl(OSO2CF3)L] (6). The compounds were characterized by ESI-MS, IR, elemental analysis, electrochemical techniques and, for 2-6, also by single crystal X-ray diffraction. They undergo, by cyclic voltammetry, two single-electron irreversible reductions assigned to Cu(II) -> Cu(I)and Cu(I) -> Cu(0) and, for those of the same structural type, the reduction potential appears to correlate with the summation of the values of the Lever electrochemical EL ligand parameter, which is reported for the first time for copper complexes. Complexes 1-6 in combination with TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxyl radical) can exhibit a high catalytic activity, under mild conditions and in alkaline aqueous solution, for the aerobic oxidation of benzylic alcohols. Molar yields up to 94% (based on the alcohol) with TON values up to 320 were achieved after 22 h.

Estudo da deformação miocárdica para detecção precoce de disfunção ventricular esquerda em doentes submetidos a quimioterapia com antraciclinas

Mestrado em Tecnologia de Diagnóstico e Intervenção Cardiovascular - Área de especialização: Ultrassonografia cardiovascular

Dimensionamento de redes hidráulicas prediais

Relatório de Estágio para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia na Área de Especializção em Edificações