Formaldeído em habitações domésticas: contaminação ambiental e potenciais fontes

Do ponto de vista das preocupações de saúde, os níveis de contaminação do ar interior assumem actualmente uma elevada importância quando se tem em consideração que as pessoas passam a maior parte do seu tempo no interior de edifícios. Neste contexto, o formaldeído é um dos poluentes mais preocupantes e, inclusivamente, os resultados de concentração obtidos em habitações do espaço Europeu foram considerados preocupantes devido ao facto de estarem relacionados com efeitos negativos para a saúde. O estudo exploratório desenvolvido pretendeu disponibilizar informação acerca das concentrações de formaldeído existentes em habitações domésticas portuguesas. Estudou‑se a presença de formaldeído em habitações novas e habitações domésticas com ocupação, abrangendo 6 unidades de cada um dos tipos considerados. Para a avaliação ambiental foi utilizado um equipamento de leitura direta que deteta as concentrações de formaldeído por fotoionização com uma lâmpada de 11,7 eV. A temperatura ambiente e a humidade relativa foram igualmente medidas, de acordo com o estipulado na Norma Internacional ISO 7726:1998. No caso das habitações novas foram registados valores de concentração superiores a 0,08 ppm em 3 das unidades estudadas. Por outro lado, em 4 das habitações com ocupação foram obtidos valores superiores a 0,08 ppm. O desenvolvimento deste estudo permitiu reconhecer algumas das possíveis fontes emissoras e os factores que influenciam as concentrações de formaldeído nas habitações em Portugal. ABSTRACT - Nowadays, indoor air contamination is considering an important health issue considering that people spend most of their time indoors. In this context, formaldehyde is a pollutant of major concern and, recently, concentration results obtained in European dwellings reveal high concentrations and values related with negative health effects in occupants. The present exploratory study sought to provide information about formaldehyde concentrations in Portuguese dwellings. It was studied formaldehyde presence in new dwellings and dwellings with occupation and included 6 units of each setting. For concentrations measure, it was used a direct‑reading equipment that detects formaldehyde concentration by photoionization. Temperature and relative humidity were also measured in accordance with International Standard ISO 7726:1998. In the case of new dwellings, in 3 units concentration values were higher than 0.08 ppm. In addition, in 4 units of the 6 dwellings with occupation, concentrations higher than this reference value were obtained. The development of this study permitted to recognize some of the possible indoors emissions sources and to define several of the preventive measures that can be applied.

How new online communication tools and the availability of content influence the audiences and the creative process

We live in a changing world. At an impressive speed, every day new technological resources appear. We increasingly use the Internet to obtain and share information, and new online communication tools are emerging. Each of them encompasses new potential and creates new audiences. In recent years, we witnessed the emergence of Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and other media platforms. They have provided us with an even greater interactivity between sender and receiver, as well as generated a new sense of community. At the same time we also see the availability of content like it never happened before. We are increasingly sharing texts, videos, photos, etc. This poster intends to explore the potential of using these new online communication tools in the cultural sphere to create new audiences, to develop of a new kind of community, to provide information as well as different ways of building organizations’ memory. The transience of performing arts is accompanied by the need to counter that transience by means of documentation. This desire to ‘save’ events reaches its expression with the information archive of the different production moments as well as the opportunity to record the event and present it through, for instance, digital platforms. In this poster we intend to answer the following questions: which online communication tools are being used to engage audiences in the cultural sphere (specifically between theater companies in Lisbon)? Is there a new relationship with the public? Are online communication tools creating a new kind of community? What changes are these tools introducing in the creative process? In what way the availability of content and its archive contribute to the organization memory? Among several references, we will approach the two-way communication model that James E. Grunig & Todd T. Hunt (1984) already presented and the concept of mass self-communication of Manuel Castells (2010). Castells also tells us that we have moved from traditional media to a system of communication networks. For Scott Kirsner (2010), we have entered an era of digital creativity, where artists have the tools to do what they imagined and the public no longer wants to just consume cultural goods, but instead to have a voice and participate. The creativity process is now depending on the public choice as they wander through the screen. It is the receiver who owns an object which can be exchanged. Virtual reality has encouraged the receiver to abandon its position of passive observer and to become a participant agent, which implies a challenge to organizations: inventing new forms of interfaces. Therefore, we intend to find new and effective online tools that can be used by cultural organizations; the best way to manage them; to show how organizations can create a community with the public and how the availability of online content and its archive can contribute to the organizations’ memory.

Finge: relatório de estágio

Relatório de Estágio submetido à Escola Superior de Teatro e Cinema para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Teatro, especialização em Artes Performativas - interpretação.