Occupational exposure to Aspergillus by swine and poultry farm workers in Portugal

Aspergillus is among a growing list of allergens that aggravate asthmatic responses. Significant pulmonary pathology is associated with Aspergillus-induced allergic and asthmatic lung disease. Environments with high levels of exposure to fungi are found in animal production facilities such as for swine and poultry, and farmers working with these are at increased risk for occupational respiratory diseases. Seven Portuguese poultry and seven swine farms were analyzed in order to estimate the prevalence, amount, and distribution of Aspergillus species, as well as to determine the presence of clinical symptoms associated with asthma and other allergy diseases in these highly contaminated settings. From the collected fungal isolates (699), an average incidence of 22% Aspergillus was detected in poultry farms, while the prevalence at swine farms was 14%. The most frequently isolated Aspergillus species were A. versicolor, A. flavus, and A. fumigatus. In poultry farms, A. flavus presented the highest level of airborne spores (>2000 CFU/m3), whereas in swine farms the highest was A. versicolor, with an incidence fourfold greater higher than the other mentioned species. Eighty workers in these settings were analyzed, ranging in age from 17 to 93 yr. The potentially hazardous exposure of poultry workers to mold allergens using sensitization markers was evaluated. Although no significant positive association was found between fungal contamination and sensitization to fungal antigens, a high incidence of respiratory symptoms in professionals without asthma was observed, namely, wheezing associated with dyspnea (23.8%) and dyspnea after strenuous activities (12.3%), suggesting underdiagnosed respiratory disturbances. Further, 32.5% of all exposed workers noted an improvement of respiratory ability during resting and holidays. From all the analyzed workers, seven were previously diagnosed with asthma and four reported the first attack after the age of 40 yr, which may be associated with their occupational exposure. Some of the fungi, namely, the Aspergillus species detected in this study, are known to induce hypersensitivity reactions in humans. This study confirmed the presence and distribution of Aspergillus in Portuguese poultry and swine farms, suggesting a possible occupational health problem and raising the need for preventive and protective measures to apply to avoid exposure in both occupational settings.

Evaluation of risks at MANTEM

International statistics show that the problem of the accidents at work is far away to be solved (ILO estimates that every year about 270 million work accidents and 160 million occupational diseases resulting in the death of more than 2 million workers occurs in the world). That's why the EU global goal concerning the community' strategy for occupational health and safety for 2007-2012 is to reduce in 25% the incidence rate of occupational accidents and diseases. In this prospect it is presented a case study which justify the need to develop studies in Safety, Hygiene and Health at Work area as a way to encourage the managers to implement preventive actions and strategies, besides meeting the legal requirements, in order to reduce the occurrence of work accidents, improve the work conditions and therefore obtain benefits in added values and reinforced competition. The general objective of this study is to describe the work situations, identify the dangers and associate the potential risks and consequences; evaluate and value the risk. The study uses the Failure Table methodology and, in the business area of an organization which will be from now on designated as MANTEM that works in the electromechanical maintenance area. The results were, amongst others, some actions to be implemented to eliminate/minimize risks.

Relatórios de sustentabilidade: que futuro? O papel dos auditores e da auditoria nesse futuro.

A presente investigação desenvolve o tema da sustentabilidade, ou dito de outra forma, desenvolvimento sustentável. Isto interessa aos países, às organizações e aos cidadãos em geral. Neste pressuposto, este trabalho centra-se nos relatório de sustentabilidade, designação que, actualmente, vem substituir outros que se sucederam ao longo dos tempos, por exemplo: relatórios de responsabilidade social; relatórios ambientais; relatórios de ambiente, saúde e segurança. Porém, os relatórios de sustentabilidade, para serem totalmente compreendidos, devem ser inseridos nos sistemas de informação e comunicação das organizações, onde é verificável que cada vez mais se quer prestar contas, sobre as acções desenvolvidas na esfera da sustentabilidade, de forma credível. No processo de verificação e validação, a auditoria e os auditores têm um papel crucial, contudo, verifica-se que teóricos e práticos, nomeadamente, as empresas de referência mostram que a "sustentabilidade" não deve ser tratada "à parte" mas estar presente em tudo o que é realizado, e neste sentido, as três dimensões que a revelam: ecónomica, social e ambiental. Neste quadro, o objectivo desta dissertação anda em torno de se perceber qual será o futuro dos relatórios de sustentabilidade. O trabalho desenvolvido confirma a problemática que guiou o estudo. Tende-se e é recomendável que as organizações venham a elaborar relatórios únicos integrados, não obstante da possibilidade da existência de relatórios específicos e subsistemas de informação e comunicação, centrados no "verde".

As representações e práticas sobre a segurança e saúde no trabalho: o caso dos trabalhadores do município de Albufeira

Mestrado em Segurança e Higiene no Trabalho

Gestão da segurança e saúde no trabalho em trabalhos de beneficiação rodoviária: perfil de autoestrada e a aplicação dos princípios gerais da prevenção à fase de execução da obra

Mestrado em Segurança e Higiene no Trabalho

How new online communication tools and the availability of content influence the audiences and the creative process

We live in a changing world. At an impressive speed, every day new technological resources appear. We increasingly use the Internet to obtain and share information, and new online communication tools are emerging. Each of them encompasses new potential and creates new audiences. In recent years, we witnessed the emergence of Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and other media platforms. They have provided us with an even greater interactivity between sender and receiver, as well as generated a new sense of community. At the same time we also see the availability of content like it never happened before. We are increasingly sharing texts, videos, photos, etc. This poster intends to explore the potential of using these new online communication tools in the cultural sphere to create new audiences, to develop of a new kind of community, to provide information as well as different ways of building organizations’ memory. The transience of performing arts is accompanied by the need to counter that transience by means of documentation. This desire to ‘save’ events reaches its expression with the information archive of the different production moments as well as the opportunity to record the event and present it through, for instance, digital platforms. In this poster we intend to answer the following questions: which online communication tools are being used to engage audiences in the cultural sphere (specifically between theater companies in Lisbon)? Is there a new relationship with the public? Are online communication tools creating a new kind of community? What changes are these tools introducing in the creative process? In what way the availability of content and its archive contribute to the organization memory? Among several references, we will approach the two-way communication model that James E. Grunig & Todd T. Hunt (1984) already presented and the concept of mass self-communication of Manuel Castells (2010). Castells also tells us that we have moved from traditional media to a system of communication networks. For Scott Kirsner (2010), we have entered an era of digital creativity, where artists have the tools to do what they imagined and the public no longer wants to just consume cultural goods, but instead to have a voice and participate. The creativity process is now depending on the public choice as they wander through the screen. It is the receiver who owns an object which can be exchanged. Virtual reality has encouraged the receiver to abandon its position of passive observer and to become a participant agent, which implies a challenge to organizations: inventing new forms of interfaces. Therefore, we intend to find new and effective online tools that can be used by cultural organizations; the best way to manage them; to show how organizations can create a community with the public and how the availability of online content and its archive can contribute to the organizations’ memory.

Perceção dos riscos ocupacionais em laboratórios de ortoprotesia na região de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo

Mestrado em Gestão e Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde