11 resultados para Spontaneous regional healing lesions
em Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa - Portugal
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O investimento efectuado na últimas décadas, em Portugal, nas infra-estruturas de transporte de longa duração, permitiu o desenvolvimento da rede rodoviária, quer em extensão quer em qualidade, enquanto pelo contrário, a Rede Ferroviária Nacional (RFN), entrou num processo contínuo de degradação, percebido pela redução das velocidades máximas permitidas e pelo elevado número e dispersão de limitações (reduções) de velocidades impostas na via-férrea. Actualmente, um comboio ao circular na RFN, fica sujeito a variadíssimas reduções de velocidade, recorrendo obrigatoriamente à utilização do freio, com impacto na eficiência energética e na redução das velocidades comerciais. Estes factores, associados às baixas performances do material, nomeadamente o reduzido esforço acelerador, em particular no diesel, resulta no aumento dos tempos de percurso e na redução do conforto, factores que constituem sem dúvida, as principais causas de perda de competitividade do sector ferroviário, tendo culminado na perda de 30% dos passageiros transportados, para o modo rodoviário, nas últimas décadas. Constituiu o objectivo deste trabalho, criar um modelo dinâmico, que permita identificar os pontos críticos da RFN, medindo o impacto das reduções de velocidade nas circulações ferroviárias, em tempo perdido, em termos energéticos, ambientais e financeiros. Os indicadores obtidos através da aplicação do modelo, são produzidos com auxílio do computador, identificando os pontos críticos da infra-estrutura e ordenando-os em função do impacto financeiro na oferta comercial da CP regional. Este relatório, será efectuado com uma periodicidade concertada com a REFER e permitirá ao gestor da infra-estrutura, programar de forma objectiva as intervenções na RFN, eliminando os pontos críticos. Contibui-se assim, para a melhoria da qualidade do serviço, para o aumento da competitividade e da sustentabilidade do sector ferroviário em Portugal.
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We consider a simple extension of the Standard Model by adding two Higgs triplets and a complex scalar singlet to its particle content. In this framework, the CP symmetry is spontaneously broken at high energies by the complex vacuum expectation value of the scalar singlet. Such a breaking leads to leptonic CP violation at low energies. The model also exhibits an A(4) X Z(4) flavor symmetry which, after being spontaneously broken at a high-energy scale, yields a tribimaximal pattern in the lepton sector. We consider small perturbations around the tribimaximal vacuum alignment condition in order to generate nonzero values of theta(13), as required by the latest neutrino oscillation data. It is shown that the value of theta(13) recently measured by the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment can be accommodated in our framework together with large Dirac-type CP violation. We also address the viability of leptogenesis in our model through the out-of-equilibrium decays of the Higgs triplets. In particular, the CP asymmetries in the triplet decays into two leptons are computed and it is shown that the effective leptogenesis and low-energy CP-violating phases are directly linked.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade e Gestão das Instituições Financeiras
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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Jornalismo.
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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Jornalismo.
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Relatório de estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Jornalismo.
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We show that in two Higgs doublet models at tree-level the potential minimum preserving electric charge and CP symmetries, when it exists, is the global one. Furthermore, we derived a very simple condition, involving only the coefficients of the quartic terms of the potential, that guarantees spontaneous CP breaking. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Human virtual phantoms are being widely used to simulate and characterize the behavior of different organs, either in diagnosis stages but also to enable foreseeing the therapeutic effects obtained on a certain patient. In the present work a typical patient’s heart was simulated using XCAT2©, considering the possibility of a lesion and/or anatomical alteration being affecting the myocardium. These simulated images, were then used to carry out a set of parametric studies using Matlab©. Although performed in controlled sceneries, these studies are very important to understand and characterize the performance of the methodologies used, as well as to determine to what extent the relations between the perturbation introduced at the myocardium and the resulting simulated images can be considered conclusive.
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O presente relatório, no âmbito da obtenção do grau de Mestre no Ensino da Música, na Escola Superior de Música de Lisboa, descreve o estágio efectuado no Conservatório Regional de Setúbal e analisa a prática pedagógica do professor através de três alunos de violino e viola d´arco de níveis diferentes: Iniciação (violino); 4º grau, Ensino Básico (viola d´arco) e 7º grau, Ensino Secundário (viola d´arco). São descritas e analisadas as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas com base na filosofia do Método Suzuki e na Teoria da Auto-determinação de Edward L. Deci e Richard M. Ryan. O objectivo fundamental do processo de ensino- aprendizagem é a criação de condições para que os alunos se motivem autonomamente e atinjam níveis altos de motivação intrínseca (Teoria da Auto-determinação), e que se tornem bons instrumentistas e melhores seres humanos (Método Suzuki).
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The contribution of the evapotranspiration from a certain region to the precipitation over the same area is referred to as water recycling. In this paper, we explore the spatiotemporal links between the recycling mechanism and the Iberian rainfall regime. We use a 9 km resolution Weather Research and Forecasting simulation of 18 years (1990-2007) to compute local and regional recycling ratios over Iberia, at the monthly scale, through both an analytical and a numerical recycling model. In contrast to coastal areas, the interior of Iberia experiences a relative maximum of precipitation in spring, suggesting a prominent role of land-atmosphere interactions on the inland precipitation regime during this period of the year. Local recycling ratios are the highest in spring and early summer, coinciding with those areas where this spring peak of rainfall represents the absolute maximum in the annual cycle. This confirms that recycling processes are crucial to explain the Iberian spring precipitation, particularly over the eastern and northeastern sectors. Average monthly recycling values range from 0.04 in December to 0.14 in June according to the numerical model and from 0.03 in December to 0.07 in May according to the analytical procedure. Our analysis shows that the highest values of recycling are limited by the coexistence of two necessary mechanisms: (1) the availability of sufficient soil moisture and (2) the occurrence of appropriate synoptic configurations favoring the development of convective regimes. The analyzed surplus of rainfall in spring has a critical impact on agriculture over large semiarid regions of the interior of Iberia.
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A new data set of daily gridded observations of precipitation, computed from over 400 stations in Portugal, is used to assess the performance of 12 regional climate models at 25 km resolution, from the ENSEMBLES set, all forced by ERA-40 boundary conditions, for the 1961-2000 period. Standard point error statistics, calculated from grid point and basin aggregated data, and precipitation related climate indices are used to analyze the performance of the different models in representing the main spatial and temporal features of the regional climate, and its extreme events. As a whole, the ENSEMBLES models are found to achieve a good representation of those features, with good spatial correlations with observations. There is a small but relevant negative bias in precipitation, especially in the driest months, leading to systematic errors in related climate indices. The underprediction of precipitation occurs in most percentiles, although this deficiency is partially corrected at the basin level. Interestingly, some of the conclusions concerning the performance of the models are different of what has been found for the contiguous territory of Spain; in particular, ENSEMBLES models appear too dry over Portugal and too wet over Spain. Finally, models behave quite differently in the simulation of some important aspects of local climate, from the mean climatology to high precipitation regimes in localized mountain ranges and in the subsequent drier regions.