A heráldica da polícia de segurança pública: subsídios para o estudo da heráldica corporativa em Portugal no século XX

Ensaia-se o estudo da heráldica da polícia de segurança pública. Trata-se da primeira tentativa de abordagem da matéria em apreço, privilegiando-se o aspecto da correcção da ordenação dos brasões de armas, bem como a sua análise em termos artísticos, ou seja a experimentação estética das armas e sua experimentação em termos de inovação e criatividade. ABSTRACT - This is an essay of the heraldry of the portuguese police. It is the first attempt of approaching this subject in portuguese historiography, we have privileged the study of the correction of the coats of arms, and its respective analysis as art, which means teh aesthetic and the aspect of innovation and creativity.

Capillary bridging and long-range attractive forces in a mean-field approach

When a mixture is confined, one of the phases can condense out. This condensate, which is otherwise metastable in the bulk, is stabilized by the presence of surfaces. In a sphere-plane geometry, routinely used in atomic force microscope and surface force apparatus, it, can form a bridge connecting the surfaces. The pressure drop in the bridge gives rise to additional long-range attractive forces between them. By minimizing the free energy of a binary mixture we obtain the force-distance curves as well as the structural phase diagram of the configuration with the bridge. Numerical results predict a discontinuous transition between the states with and without the bridge and linear force-distance curves with hysteresis. We also show that similar phenomenon can be observed in a number of different systems, e.g., liquid crystals and polymer mixtures. (C). 2004 American Institute of Physics.