Methods for automatic and assisted image annotation

Personal memories composed of digital pictures are very popular at the moment. To retrieve these media items annotation is required. During the last years, several approaches have been proposed in order to overcome the image annotation problem. This paper presents our proposals to address this problem. Automatic and semi-automatic learning methods for semantic concepts are presented. The automatic method is based on semantic concepts estimated using visual content, context metadata and audio information. The semi-automatic method is based on results provided by a computer game. The paper describes our proposals and presents their evaluations.

Invariant integrals applied to nematic liquid crystals with small Ericksen number and topological defects

Invariant integrals are derived for nematic liquid crystals and applied to materials with small Ericksen number and topological defects. The nematic material is confined between two infinite plates located at y = -h and y = h (h is an element of R+) with a semi-infinite plate at y = 0 and x < 0. Planar and homeotropic strong anchoring boundary conditions to the director field are assumed at these two infinite and semi-infinite plates, respectively. Thus, a line disclination appears in the system which coincides with the z-axis. Analytical solutions to the director field in the neighbourhood of the singularity are obtained. However, these solutions depend on an arbitrary parameter. The nematic elastic force is thus evaluated from an invariant integral of the energy-momentum tensor around a closed surface which does not contain the singularity. This allows one to determine this parameter which is a function of the nematic cell thickness and the strength of the disclination. Analytical solutions are also deduced for the director field in the whole region using the conformal mapping method. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Prostituição feminina de rua : escutar e atuar: papel do técnico d’O Ninho na intervenção com mulheres prostitutas

O Ninho é uma Associação que procura o conhecimento real do fenómeno prostituição, do próprio meio e dos seus agentes, bem como garantir qualidade na intervenção técnica e nas respostas sociais. Assim, o trabalho desenvolvido pelos técnicos objetiva responder aos problemas identificados pelas mulheres prostitutas e colmatar as lacunas nas respostas existentes no que concerne ao fenómeno social prostituição feminina de rua. Este estudo pretende ir ao encontro da maior preocupação associada a esta problemática e, mais especificamente, no caso da prostituição feminina de rua – a preocupação com a inserção social das mulheres. Para a elaboração do presente trabalho foram utilizadas estratégias metodológicas como a observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Da análise dos resultados verificamos que a prostituição agudiza os estereótipos, preconceitos e o estigma social que tanto marginaliza as mulheres prostituídas. Assim, todo o trabalho técnico realizado n’O Ninho visa promover a autonomia das mulheres, a aquisição de regras e hábitos de trabalho, o cumprimento e definição de objetivos e a posterior procura de emprego. - ABSTRACT O Ninho is an association that seeks the real knowledge of the phenomenon prostitution, of the environment and their agents, as well as ensure quality in technical intervention and social responses. Thus, the work done by the technicians aims to respond to the problems identified by the prostitutes and fill the gaps in the existing responses, concerning to the social phenomenon female prostitution of street. This study intends to respond to the main concern associated with this issue and, more specifically, in the case of female street prostitution – the concern with social inclusion of women. For the preparation of this work, as methodological strategies, we used the participant observation and semi-structured interviews. By the analysis of the results we found that prostitution exacerbates the stereotypes, prejudices and the social stigma that marginalize women forced into prostitution. Thus, all the technical work done at O Ninho aims to promote women's autonomy, rules and work habits acquisition, setting goals and subsequent job search.

O teatro. espaço de encontro de uma comunidade

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Educação Artística - Especialização em Teatro na Educação

Biodiesel production from waste frying oils over lime catalysts

Biodiesel production from semi-refined oils (SRO) and waste frying oils (WFO) was studied using commercial CaO as heterogeneous catalyst. The methanolysis tests were carried out in mild reaction conditions (62 A degrees C, atmospheric pressure). With such conditions, SRO (soybean and rapeseed) allowed to produce a biodiesel containing 97-98 % of methyl esters (FAME), whereas WFO only provided 86-87 % of FAME. The lower FAME yield for WFO oil is ascribable to the partial neutralization of the catalyst by free fatty acids. Also, soaps formation from the WFO oil reduced the weight yield of the oil phase (containing FAME) obtained and increased the MONG content of the glycerin phase. The catalysts stability tests showed high stability even when WFO oil was processed. Catalytic tests performed with blends of WFO/semi-refined oils showed blending as a good strategy to process low value raw oils with minor decay of the catalyst performance. Both WFO and semi-refined oils showed S-shape kinetics curves thus discarding significant differences of the reaction mechanisms.

An Interface to Retrieve Personal Memories Using an Iconic Visual Language

Relevant past events can be remembered when visualizing related pictures. The main difficulty is how to find these photos in a large personal collection. Query definition and image annotation are key issues to overcome this problem. The former is relevant due to the diversity of the clues provided by our memory when recovering a past moment and the later because images need to be annotated with information regarding those clues to be retrieved. Consequently, tools to recover past memories should deal carefully with these two tasks. This paper describes a user interface designed to explore pictures from personal memories. Users can query the media collection in several ways and for this reason an iconic visual language to define queries is proposed. Automatic and semi-automatic annotation is also performed using the image content and the audio information obtained when users show their images to others. The paper also presents the user interface evaluation based on tests with 58 participants.

The semigroup ring of a restriction semigroup with an inverse skeleton

In this paper we investigate some classes of semigroup rings with respect to (semi)primeness and (semi)primitivity. We do so by extending the techniques developed by Munn in (Proc R Soc Edinbur Sect A 107:175-196, 1987) and (Proc R Soc Edinbur Sect A 115:109-117, 1990) for the study of semigroup rings of inverse semigroups. Restriction, weakly ample and ample semigroups are considered.