The hospital survey on patient safety culture in Portuguese hospitals: instrument validity and reliability

Purpose – Quantitative instruments to assess patient safety culture have been developed recently and a few review articles have been published. Measuring safety culture enables healthcare managers and staff to improve safety behaviours and outcomes for patients and staff. The study aims to determine the AHRQ Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSPSC) Portuguese version's validity and reliability. Design/methodology/approach – A missing-value analysis and item analysis was performed to identify problematic items. Reliability analysis, inter-item correlations and inter-scale correlations were done to check internal consistency, composite scores. Inter-correlations were examined to assess construct validity. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to investigate the observed data's fit to the dimensional structure proposed in the AHRQ HSPSC Portuguese version. To analyse differences between hospitals concerning composites scores, an ANOVA analysis and multiple comparisons were done. Findings – Eight of 12 dimensions had Cronbach's alphas higher than 0.7. The instrument as a whole achieved a high Cronbach's alpha (0.91). Inter-correlations showed that there is no dimension with redundant items, however dimension 10 increased its internal consistency when one item is removed. Originality/value – This study is the first to evaluate an American patient safety culture survey using Portuguese data. The survey has satisfactory reliability and construct validity.

Da comunicação popular

As manifestações públicas de cultura popular têm sido abordadas por diferentes áreas do conhecimento (antropologia, sociologia, história, etnografia e outras), mas as ciências da comunicação têm-lhes dado relativamente menos atenção. Do estudo de festas populares, sobretudo na investigação literária da sua matriz religiosa, passamos à investigação e à análise dos processos comunicacionais destas manifestações. O encontro com uma nova área das ciências da comunicação, a folkcomunicação, foi decisivo para a opção por paradigmas e instrumentos de análise que nos têm apoiado na investigação em curso sobre comunicação popular. Este texto tem como principal objectivo apresentar a origem e a evolução desta teoria comunicacional, Folkcomunicação, teoria inspirada na Escola de Chicago. Trata-se de um artigo teórico/conceptual, resultado de pesquisa bibliográfica e análise do Estado da Arte em relação à cultura popular e à folkcomunicação.

Da comunicação popular

As manifestações públicas de cultura popular têm sido abordadas por diferentes áreas do conhecimento (antropologia, sociologia, história, etnografia e outras), mas as ciências da comunicação têm-lhes dado relativamente menos atenção. Do estudo de festas populares, sobretudo na investigação literária da sua matriz religiosa, passámos à investigação e à análise dos processos comunicacionais destas manifestações. O encontro com uma nova área das ciências da comunicação, a folkcomunicação, foi decisivo para a opção por paradigmas e instrumentos de análise que nos têm apoiado na investigação em curso sobre comunicação popular. Este texto tem como principal objectivo apresentar a origem e a evolução desta teoria comunicacional, Folkcomunicação, teoria inspirada na Escola de Chicago. Trata-se de um artigo teórico/conceptual, resultado de pesquisa bibliográfica e análise do Estado da Arte em relação à cultura popular e à folkcomunicação.

Alice's anima or the obligation of a reading transliteracy

This paper suggests an analysis of "Inanimate Alice" by Kate Pullinger, Chris Joseph and Ian Harper as an example of a transmedia narrative that triggers a new reading experience whilst proposing a literary alterity between reading and performance. Narrative experiences that elect the visual plasticity, interchanging games and tactility as drivers of the creative process are not new. Yet, narrative experiences, which have been created in the gap between reality and fiction, have found on the digital realm the perfect environment to multiple hybrid experiences. Bearing in mind Walter Benjamin’s concept of Erlebnis and Erfahrung, a critical analysis of this digital fiction tries to illustrate how literary art finds its space and time in a metamorphosed continuum only activated by the “patient reader”. All the multimedia hybrids, which this digital literary work may have, challenge readers to interpret different signals and poetic structures that most of readers might not be accustomed to; however even among a cognitive dissonance, meaning is found and reading happens only if time, space and attention are available. All possible transmedia literacies can only respond to this experience of online reading, if they are able to focus and draw attention not to a simple new behaviour or a single new practice, but to a demanding state of affairs that assemble different objective and subjective value forms.

X Radiation dose implications in screening patients with ferromagnetic IOFBs prior to MRI: a literary review

Patients scheduled for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan sometimes require screening for ferromagnetic Intra Orbital Foreign Bodies (IOFBs). To assess this, they are required to fill out a screening protocol questionnaire before their scan. If it is established that a patient is at high risk, radiographic imaging is necessary. This review examines literature to evaluate which imaging modality should be used to screen for IOFBs, considering that the eye is highly sensitive to ionising radiation and any dose should be minimised. Method: Several websites and books were searched for information, these were as follows: PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge and Google Scholar. The terms searched related to IOFB, Ionising radiation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Safety, Image Quality, Effective Dose, Orbits and X-ray. Thirty five articles were found, several were rejected due to age or irrelevance; twenty eight were eventually accepted. Results: There are several imaging techniques that can be used. Some articles investigated the use of ultrasound for investigation of ferromagnetic IOFBs of the eye and others discussed using Computed Tomography (CT) and X-ray. Some gaps in the literature were identified, mainly that there are no articles which discuss the lowest effective dose while having adequate image quality for orbital imaging. Conclusion: X-ray is the best method to identify IOFBs. The only problem is that there is no research which highlights exposure factors that maintain sufficient image quality for viewing IOFBs and keep the effective dose to the eye As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA).

N’A Barraca com Maria do Céu Guerra em Dona Maria, a louca, de António Cunha: relatório de estágio

Relatório de Estágio submetido à Escola Superior de Teatro e Cinema para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Teatro - especialização em Artes Performativas - Interpretação.