A two-Higgs doublet model with remarkable CP properties

We analyze generalized CP symmetries of two-Higgs doublet models, extending them from the scalar to the fermion sector of the theory. We show that, other than the usual CP transformation, there is only one of those symmetries which does not imply massless charged fermions. That single model which accommodates a fermionic mass spectrum compatible with experimental data possesses a remarkable feature. Through a soft breaking of the symmetry it displays a new type of spontaneous CP violation, which does not occur in the scalar sector responsible for the symmetry breaking mechanism but, rather, in the fermion sector.

Basis invariant conditions for supersymmetry in the two-Higgs-doublet model

The minimal supersymmetric standard model involves a rather restrictive Higgs potential with two Higgs fields. Recently, the full set of classes of symmetries allowed in the most general two-Higgs-doublet model was identified; these classes do not include the supersymmetric limit as a particular class. Thus, a physically meaningful definition of the supersymmetric limit must involve the interaction of the Higgs sector with other sectors of the theory. Here we show how one can construct basis invariant probes of supersymmetry involving both the Higgs sector and the gaugino-Higgsino-Higgs interactions.

Optimal design of piezolaminated structures using B-spline strip finite element models

A package of B-spline finite strip models is developed for the linear analysis of piezolaminated plates and shells. This package is associated to a global optimization technique in order to enhance the performance of these types of structures, subjected to various types of objective functions and/or constraints, with discrete and continuous design variables. The models considered are based on a higher-order displacement field and one can apply them to the static, free vibration and buckling analyses of laminated adaptive structures with arbitrary lay-ups, loading and boundary conditions. Genetic algorithms, with either binary or floating point encoding of design variables, were considered to find optimal locations of piezoelectric actuators as well as to determine the best voltages applied to them in order to obtain a desired structure shape. These models provide an overall economy of computing effort for static and vibration problems.

Um olhar interdisciplinar sobre os suplementos alimentares: reconfiguração dos papéis profissionais no contexto das novas tendências de consumo terapêutico

O actual protagonismo que os suplementos alimentares têm vindo a assumir no quadro de novas lógicas de oferta e de consumo de recursos terapêuticos, constitui um facto que é revelador da emergência de novos fenómenos que geram reconfigurações importantes ao nível da dimensão social de novas práticas em torno destes mesmos recursos, com implicações no papel dos profissionais de farmácia. Face a este novo quadro, em que novas realidades profissionais se desenham como resposta a estes fenómenos, o olhar interdisciplinar que aqui se desenvolve procura problematizar os novos papéis dos profissionais ao nível do aconselhamento e da educação para a saúde. Sustenta-se que esse objectivo dificilmente poderá ser mais do que um mero horizonte normativo, se não for capaz de integrar as abordagens de carácter sociológico sobre as importantes reconfigurações das dinâmicas de autonomia e reflexividade leiga que têm vindo a ocorrer em termos de gestão da saúde e de consumos terapêuticos. The current role that dietary supplements have been playing under new logic of supply and consumption of therapeutic resources, is a fact that reveals the emergence of new phenomena that generate major reconfigurations to the social dimension of new practices around these resources, with implications for the professional role of pharmacy practitioners. In this new framework, in which new realities are emerging as a professional response to these phenomena, the interdisciplinary outlook that we develop aims to raise some critical questions concerning the development of new roles in pharmacy practitioners in counseling and health education. We assert that this goal will scarcely be more than just a normative horizon, if unable to integrate the nature of sociological approaches on important reconfiguration of the dynamics of lay autonomy and reflexivity that have been occurring in terms of health management and therapeutic consumptions.

Controlo tolerante a falhas de um canal de rega

A presente dissertação pretende conceber e implementar um sistema de controlo tolerante a falhas, no canal experimental de rega da Universidade de Évora, utilizando um modelo implementado em MATLAB/SIMULINK®. Como forma de responder a este desafio, analisaram-se várias técnicas de diagnóstico de falhas, tendo-se optado por técnicas baseadas em redes neuronais para o desenvolvimento de um sistema de detecção e isolamento de falhas no canal de rega, sem ter em conta o tipo de sistema de controlo utilizado. As redes neuronais foram, assim, os processadores não lineares utilizados e mais aconselhados em situações onde exista uma abundância de dados do processo, porque aprendem por exemplos e são suportadas por teorias estatísticas e de optimização, focando não somente o processamento de sinais, como também expandindo os horizontes desse processamento. A ênfase dos modelos das redes neuronais está na sua dinâmica, na sua estabilidade e no seu comportamento. Portanto, o trabalho de investigação do qual resultou esta Dissertação teve como principais objectivos o desenvolvimento de modelos de redes neuronais que representassem da melhor forma a dinâmica do canal de rega, de modo a obter um sistema de detecção de falhas que faça uma comparação entre os valores obtidos nos modelos e no processo. Com esta diferença de valores, da qual resultará um resíduo, é possível desenvolver tanto o sistema de detecção como de isolamento de falhas baseados nas redes neuronais, possibilitando assim o desenvolvimento dum sistema de controlo tolerante a falhas, que engloba os módulos de detecção, de isolamento/diagnóstico e de reconfiguração do canal de rega. Em síntese, na Dissertação realizada desenvolveu-se um sistema que permite reconfigurar o processo em caso de ocorrência de falhas, melhorando significativamente o desempenho do canal de rega.

SU(5) x SU(5) unification revisited

The idea of grand unification in a minimal supersymmetric SU(5) x SU(5) framework is revisited. It is shown that the unification of gauge couplings into a unique coupling constant can be achieved at a high-energy scale compatible with proton decay constraints. This requires the addition of minimal particle content at intermediate energy scales. In particular, the introduction of the SU(2)(L) triplets belonging to the (15, 1)+((15) over bar, 1) representations, as well as of the scalar triplet Sigma(3) and octet Sigma(8) in the (24, 1) representation, turns out to be crucial for unification. The masses of these intermediate particles can vary over a wide range, and even lie in the TeV region. In contrast, the exotic vector-like fermions must be heavy enough and have masses above 10(10) GeV. We also show that, if the SU(5) x SU(5) theory is embedded into a heterotic string scenario, it is not possible to achieve gauge coupling unification with gravity at the perturbative string scale.

O natural e o farmacológico: padrões de consumo terapêutico na população portuguesa

Neste artigo identificam-se os padrões de consumo terapêutico na população portuguesa, visando dar conta de um novo padrão emergente nas sociedades modernas, aqui designado de Pluralismo Terapêutico, noção com a qual se categoriza o uso conjugado ou alternado de recursos farmacológicos e naturais nas trajetórias terapêuticas dos indivíduos. O respetivo suporte empírico decorre de uma investigação, já concluída, que teve por base uma amostra nacional representativa. Os resultados mostram uma dualização dos consumos terapêuticos que é constituída por um padrão dominante de Farmacologismo – i.e., uso exclusivo de fármacos – coexistente com uma tendência crescente de pluralismo terapêutico. O efeito das fontes de informação terapêutica e dos seus usos leigos, bem como das perceções sociais de risco sobre o natural e o farmacológico, constitui neste estudo uma referência analítica central para a interpretação dos padrões encontrados. - ABSTRACT: In this article we identify patterns of therapeutic consumption, with the purpose of assessing an emerging pattern in modern societies, here designated as Therapeutic Pluralism, referring to the conjugated or alternated use of pharmacological and natural resources in the therapeutic trajectories of individuals. The empirical basis for this analysis stems from a concluded research on the topic, and is focused on a questionnaire administered to a representative sample of the Portuguese population. The results show a duality in therapeutic consumptions, expressed in the coexistence of a dominant pattern of Pharmacologism – that is, the exclusive therapeutic consumption of pharmaceuticals – and a growing trend towards therapeutic pluralism. The effects of information sources on health and its lay uses, as well as of the social perceptions of risk concerning the natural and the pharmacological, constitute key analytical references for this study’s interpretation of the identified patterns.

Geometric picture of generalized-CP and Higgs-family transformations in the two-Higgs-doublet model

In the two-Higgs-doublet model (THDM), generalized-CP transformations (phi(i) -> X-ij phi(*)(j) where X is unitary) and unitary Higgs-family transformations (phi(i) -> U-ij phi(j)) have recently been examined in a series of papers. In terms of gauge-invariant bilinear functions of the Higgs fields phi(i), the Higgs-family transformations and the generalized-CP transformations possess a simple geometric description. Namely, these transformations correspond in the space of scalar-field bilinears to proper and improper rotations, respectively. In this formalism, recent results relating generalized CP transformations with Higgs-family transformations have a clear geometric interpretation. We will review what is known regarding THDM symmetries, as well as derive new results concerning those symmetries, namely how they can be interpreted geometrically as applications of several CP transformations.

O desenvolvimento da leitura em função de diferentes métodos

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa no âmbito do Mestrado em Ensino Especial

Tradição em transformação: representações sociais de tradição em associações culturais

Dissertação conducente à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Social e Intervenção Comunitária

Relatório de estágio em reabilitação neurológica

Mestrado em Fisioterapia.

Analysis of functionally graded sandwich plate structures with piezoelectric skins, using B-spline finite strip method

Functionally graded materials are composite materials wherein the composition of the constituent phases can vary in a smooth continuous way with a gradation which is function of its spatial coordinates. This characteristic proves to be an important issue as it can minimize abrupt variations of the material properties which are usually responsible for localized high values of stresses, and simultaneously providing an effective thermal barrier in specific applications. In the present work, it is studied the static and free vibration behaviour of functionally graded sandwich plate type structures, using B-spline finite strip element models based on different shear deformation theories. The effective properties of functionally graded materials are estimated according to Mori-Tanaka homogenization scheme. These sandwich structures can also consider the existence of outer skins of piezoelectric materials, thus achieving them adaptive characteristics. The performance of the models, are illustrated through a set of test cases. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Models with three Higgs doublets in the triplet representations of A(4) or S-4

We consider the quark sector of theories containing three scalar SU(2)(L) doublets in the triplet representation of A(4) (or S-4) and three generations of quarks in arbitrary A(4) (or S-4) representations. We show that for all possible choices of quark field representations and for all possible alignments of the Higgs vacuum expectation values that can constitute global minima of the scalar potential, it is not possible to obtain simultaneously nonvanishing quark masses and a nonvanishing CP-violating phase in the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark mixing matrix. As a result, in this minimal form, models with three scalar fields in the triplet representation of A(4) or S-4 cannot be extended to the quark sector in a way consistent with experiment. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.055010.

Nonmonotonic Magnetic Susceptibility of Dipolar Hard-Spheres at Low Temperature and Density

We investigate, via numerical simulations, mean field, and density functional theories, the magnetic response of a dipolar hard sphere fluid at low temperatures and densities, in the region of strong association. The proposed parameter-free theory is able to capture both the density and temperature dependence of the ring-chain equilibrium and the contribution to the susceptibility of a chain of generic length. The theory predicts a nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the initial (zero field) magnetic susceptibility, arising from the competition between magnetically inert particle rings and magnetically active chains. Monte Carlo simulation results closely agree with the theoretical findings. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.148306

Five models for lepton mixing

We produce five flavour models for the lepton sector. All five models fit perfectly well - at the 1 sigma level - the existing data on the neutrino mass-squared differences and on the lepton mixing angles. The models are based on the type I seesaw mechanism, on a Z(2) symmetry for each lepton flavour, and either on a (spontaneously broken) symmetry under the interchange of two lepton flavours or on a (spontaneously broken) CP symmetry incorporating that interchange - or on both symmetries simultaneously. Each model makes definite predictions both for the scale of the neutrino masses and for the phase delta in lepton mixing; the fifth model also predicts a correlation between the lepton mixing angles theta(12) and theta(23).