30 resultados para Knowledge Society
em Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa - Portugal
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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Audiovisual e Multimédia.
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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ciências da Educação Especialização em Administração Escolar
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Develop a new model of Absorptive Capacity taking into account two variables namely Learning and knowledge to explain how companies transform information into knowledge
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Today, information overload and the lack of systems that enable locating employees with the right knowledge or skills are common challenges that large organisations face. This makes knowledge workers to re-invent the wheel and have problems to retrieve information from both internal and external resources. In addition, information is dynamically changing and ownership of data is moving from corporations to the individuals. However, there is a set of web based tools that may cause a major progress in the way people collaborate and share their knowledge. This article aims to analyse the impact of ‘Web 2.0’ on organisational knowledge strategies. A comprehensive literature review was done to present the academic background followed by a review of current ‘Web 2.0’ technologies and assessment of their strengths and weaknesses. As the framework of this study is oriented to business applications, the characteristics of the involved segments and tools were reviewed from an organisational point of view. Moreover, the ‘Enterprise 2.0’ paradigm does not only imply tools but also changes the way people collaborate, the way the work is done (processes) and finally impacts on other technologies. Finally, gaps in the literature in this area are outlined.
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Objectivo: Identificar os factores psicossociais que influenciam a percepção da dor pós-operatória em doentes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM). Material e Métodos: Estudo exploratório correlacional de 91 doentes (71 homens e 20 mulheres) submetidos a CRM (pontagem aortocoronária) por esternotomia). A idade média era de 63,8 ± 9,6 anos (entre 39 e 84). Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: Escala Analógica Visual às 24, 48 e 96 horas do pós-operatório; Questionário de Caracterização Demográfica; Mental Health Inventory de 5 itens; Percepção de Saúde Geral (SF-36); Escala de Expectativas de Dor; Escala de Percepção de Apoio; Escala de Expectativas de Auto-eficácia; Satisfação com o tratamento, médicos e enfermeiros (American Pain Society Questionnaire) aplicados às 96 horas após a cirurgia. Resultados: Os doentes que apresentaram expectativas elevadas de dor, percepcionaram maior apoio, apresentaram níveis elevados de auto-eficácia para lidar com a dor ou, se pertenciam ao sexo masculino, sentiram menos dor. De igual modo, os doentes que apresentaram melhor saúde mental, percepcionaram a sua saúde como boa e os doentes que expressaram maior satisfação com o tratamento sentiram menos dor. A dor não foi influenciada pela idade, grau de escolaridade ou pela satisfação com a conduta de médicos e enfermeiros. Conclusão: Após as primeiras 48 horas do pós-operatório, a experiência de dor é influenciada por factores psicossociais, em oarticular pela expectativa de dor, expectativa de auto-eficácia, apoio percebido, percepção da saúde geral, percepção de saúde mental e satisfação com o tratamento para a dor. Perante os resultados, evidencia-se a necessidade de conjugar conhecimentos no sentido de dar respostas mais alargadas e de carácter multidisciplinar no tratamento da dor pós-operatória em CRM devendo, a par de outros aspectos, focar-se na gestão das expectativas dos doentes. ABSTRACT - Objective: To identify the psychological factors that influence post-surgery pain perception in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Methods: This was an exploratory correlational study of 91 patients (71 men and 20 women) who underwent CABG (aortocoronary anastomosis) by sternotomy. Mean age was 63.8 ± 9.6 years (between 39 and 84). The following instruments were used: visual analogical scales at 24, 48 and 96 hours of post-surgery; demographic characteristics survey; pain expectations scale; perceived support scale; self-efficacy scale, Mental Inventory (5 items); health perception scale; and satisfaction with treatment, doctors and nurses (American Pain Society questionnaire) at 96 hours after surgery. Results: Patients who had presented high expectations of pain, perceived more support, presented high levels of self-efficacy to deal with pain or were male, felt less pain. Furthermore, patients who presented better mental health, perceived their general health as being good, or expressed greater satisfaction with treatment, felt less pain. Pain was not influenced by age, level of education or satisfaction with doctors and nurses. Conclusion: After the first 48 hours following surgery, the pain experience is influenced by psychosocial factors, in particular by expectation of pain and of self-efficacy, perceived support, perception of general and mental health, and satisfaction with pain treatment. The results confirm the need to bring together different kinds of knowledge for a broad, multidisciplinary approach to postoperative CABG pain treatment, focusing, along with other aspects, on management of patients’ expectations.
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Mestrado em Intervenção Sócio-Organizacional na Saúde - Área de especialização: Políticas de Administração e Gestão de Serviços de Saúde.
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This work describes a methodology to extract symbolic rules from trained neural networks. In our approach, patterns on the network are codified using formulas on a Lukasiewicz logic. For this we take advantage of the fact that every connective in this multi-valued logic can be evaluated by a neuron in an artificial network having, by activation function the identity truncated to zero and one. This fact simplifies symbolic rule extraction and allows the easy injection of formulas into a network architecture. We trained this type of neural network using a back-propagation algorithm based on Levenderg-Marquardt algorithm, where in each learning iteration, we restricted the knowledge dissemination in the network structure. This makes the descriptive power of produced neural networks similar to the descriptive power of Lukasiewicz logic language, minimizing the information loss on the translation between connectionist and symbolic structures. To avoid redundance on the generated network, the method simplifies them in a pruning phase, using the "Optimal Brain Surgeon" algorithm. We tested this method on the task of finding the formula used on the generation of a given truth table. For real data tests, we selected the Mushrooms data set, available on the UCI Machine Learning Repository.
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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ciências da Educação, especialidade em Supervisão em Educação
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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de mestre em Ciências da Educação - Especialidade em Educação Social e Intervenção Comunitária
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Vivemos actualmente numa sociedade caracterizada pela informação, pela segmentação do público e pela crescente necessidade de experiências por parte deste mesmo público, em que é cada vez mais difícil para as marcas posicionarem-se no mercado, razão pela qual é necessário pensar em novas estratégias publicitárias para comunicar com os consumidores. Em face deste cenário, o Marketing de Guerrilha pode constituir-se como uma ferramenta diferenciadora e eficaz, já que se propõe desenvolver soluções à medida dos públicos através da implementação de acções inesperadas, ousadas, impactantes e, sobretudo, geradoras de experiências. Neste contexto este trabalho procura aprofundar o conhecimento deste novo tipo de comunicação publicitária a partir da identificação das suas técnicas e tácticas mais usadas e do estudo do seu impacto junto do grande público, entendido este como a viralidade da acção, medida em Plays, e o feedback do consumidor, medido em Likes e Dislikes. Considerando a diminuta investigação científica sobre este tema, bem como a parca literatura disponível, esta dissertação assume a forma de um estudo exploratório do tipo misto sequencial, desenvolvido com base numa análise qualitativa seguida de quantitativa de 150 casos publicados online, disponibilizados na base de dados Ads of the World. Identificadas as técnicas e tácticas mais comuns, os resultados do trabalho empírico sugerem a existência de dependência entre técnicas ou tácticas e a viralidade da acção e feedback do consumidor.
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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Educação Artística, na especialização de Teatro na Educação
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Mestrado em Gestão e Empreendedorismo
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Attending the British Liquid Crystal Society’s (BLCS) Annual Meeting was a formative experience in my days as a PhD student, starting way back in the 1990s. At that time, this involved travelling to (to me) exotic parts of the United Kingdom, such as Reading, Oxford or Manchester, away from Southampton where I was based. Some postdoctoral years in a different country followed, and three BLCS Meetings were missed, until in 1997 and 1998, I was able to attend again, in Southampton and Leeds, respectively. Not much had changed from my student days, the size and the format were still about the same, many of the leading characters were still around, and the closing talk would still be given by John Lydon. Well, at some point, I got myself a proper academic job on the Continent and stopped attending BLCS Annual Meetings altogether. The fond memories of my youth started to fade. Were the Meetings still on? It seemed so, as old friends and acquaintances would occasionally recount attending them, and even winning prizes at them. But, it all seemed rather remote now. Until, that is, it came to pass that the 27th BLCS Meeting would be held in Selwyn College, Cambridge, just down (or up, depending on how you look at it) the road from the Isaac Newton Institute, where I was spending part of my sabbatical leave. The opportunity to resume attendance could not be missed. A brief e-mail exchange with the organisers, and a cheque to cover the fee, duly secured this. And thus, it was with trepidation that I approached my first BLCS Annual Meeting in more than a decade.
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Relatório Final de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º e do 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
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According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the average temperature of the Earth's surface has risen about 1º C in the last 100 years and will increase, depending on the scenario emissions of Greenhouse Gases. The rising temperatures could trigger environmental effects like rising sea levels, floods, droughts, heat waves, hurricanes. With growing concerns about different environmental issues and the need to address climate change, institutions of higher education should create knowledge and integrate sustainability into teaching programs and research programs, as well as promoting environmental issues for society. The aim of this study is to determine the carbon footprint of the academic community of Lisbon School of Health Technology (ESTeSL) in 2013, identifying possible links between the Carbon Footprint and the different socio-demographic variables.