Influência do envelhecimento na resistência à fadiga de misturas betuminosas

A dissertação apresentada tem como objectivo principal avaliar a influência do envelhecimento na resistência à fadiga de misturas betuminosas. O comportamento à fadiga das misturas betuminosas foi avaliado através da realização do ensaio de flexão em quatro pontos de acordo com os procedimentos de ensaio baseados na norma EN 12697-24. Neste estudo foram fabricadas em laboratório duas misturas betuminosas tradicionais densas com agregados graníticos, diferindo apenas no tipo de betume, sendo uma composta por betume de pavimentação 35/50 e outra por betume 50/70. O estudo do efeito do envelhecimento foi realizado após submeter os provetes de ensaio a envelhecimento simulado em laboratório, através da comparação dos resultados de resistência à fadiga, entre os provetes envelhecidos e não envelhecidos. A partir dos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que as misturas betuminosas envolvidas neste estudo apresentaram um comportamento à fadiga bastante satisfatório. Além disso, ambas as misturas apresentaram baixa sensibilidade ao envelhecimento e um comportamento à fadiga semelhante para as misturas envelhecidas e não envelhecidas.

Morphological and structural characterization of CrO2/Cr2O3 films grown by laser-CVD

This work reports on the synthesis of chromium (III, IV) oxides films by KrF laser-assisted CVD. Films were deposited onto sapphire substrates at room temperature by the photodissociation of Cr(CO)(6) in dynamic atmospheres containing oxygen and argon. A study of the processing parameters has shown that partial pressure ratio Of O-2 to Cr(CO)(6) and laser fluence are the prominent parameters that have to be accurately controlled in order to co-deposit both the crystalline oxide phases. Films consistent with such a two-phase system were synthesised for a laser fluence of 75 mJ cm(-2) and a partial pressure ratio of about 1. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Historical Heritage: A Study to Conservation

Considering ancient monuments and historical buildings, it seems that these mortars have proved to be durable and reliable materials. The restoration and maintenance of old renders is one of the key aspects of correct rehabilitation practice. The ideal course of action is to replace the damaged material by a material with compatible characteristics.The study in development presents the chemical, physical and morphologic analysis performed for ancient air lime mortars belonging to historical monuments: Santa Marta Fortress in the coast line Lisbon-Cascais dated from XVII century and Defense Wall of Lisbon dated from XI century, which layout could be associated to roman period. It is important to underline that the studied samples of ancient portuguese air lime mortars, have been submitted during centuries to very severe maritime environment that includes daily cycles of wet/dry, wind, friction and the constant presence of salts, generally aggressive. However, they show very good performance and conservation state, unlike most of the new air lime mortars, which are generally considered weak, not very durable, materials. This work is included in a study intending to determine key factors to the durability of these ancient materials in presence of water. Visible reaction rims around some aggregates suggests the occurrence of pozzolanic reactions between aggregates and the lime binder that creates neoformation products, such as calcium-silico-aluminates, which seems be, besides the pores filling, the responsible for the resistance and cohesion of these ancient mortars submitted to aggressive humid environments.