Abordagem construtivista do erro na resolução de problemas de aritmética de estrutura aditiva

O Objectivo deste estudo é analisar o tipo de erro, estrutural ou funcional, observado em crianças dos 5 aos 8 anos, durante a resolução de três tipos de problemas aritméticos de estrutura aditiva . combinação, separação e comparação . em situações diferenciadas (manipulativa, figurativa, numérica). A amostra do estudo é constituída por 45 crianças (15 do último ano do pré-escolar, 15 do 1º ano de escolaridade e 15 do 2º ano) de uma escola pública de Lisboa, de meio sócio-económico médio. A metodologia seguida foi a de tipo clínico ( análise critica). Cada criança participou em quatro sessões experimentais (uma por semana), sendo a primeira para determinar o nível psicogenético e as seguintes para resolver os três problemas de aritmética. Os resultados mostram a relação entre o tipo de erro e a estrutura e a categoria do problema; entre os níveis psicogenético e escolar e o tipo de erro observado, independentemente da situação experimental (manipulativa, figurativa, numérica); entre os níveis psicogenético e escolares e o tipo de grafismo e as representações. Mostrou ainda a lógica do erro seguida por cada criança, a qual se mantém em qualquer das situações experimentais.

La edición y la literatura como campos sobrepuestos: breve apunte sobre su estudio

La edición literaria ha constituido un objeto privilegiado en el ámbito de la producción sociológica e historiográfica de las prácticas editoriales. Pensar el libro editado tiende, a menudo, a la reducción de pensarlo en el presupuesto del género literario, forma históricamente naturalizada de su asimilación al soporte impreso. En este sentido, no pocas veces la investigación parece funcionar como un espejo de la correlación de fuerzas existente en el marco valorativo del campo editorial, que corona la sobrelegitimidad del libro literario frente a los restantes géneros. Este atributo de la representación editorial dificulta sobremanera la ambición de pensar el universo de la edición de libros a partir de generalizaciones acuñadas científicamente. El volumen colectivo dirigido por Olivier Bessard-Banquy (2006) es un excelente ejemplo de cómo el discurso académico puede no solamente reproducir las percepciones vigentes en amplios sectores del mundo editorial, que propugnan una ligazón automática y garante de respetabilidad entre edición y literatura, sino también reforzar su legitimidad. La obra citada basa toda su construcción analítica en la importancia simbólica de la edición literaria en relación a la mayor parte de los otros dominios de género editorial. La posición cimera de la literatura en el espacio simbólico del mercado del libro, que tiene su correlato en el primer lugar que ocupa en el número de títulos publicados, no corresponde sin embargo a su relevancia económica en el sector editorial, inferior a otros géneros, como el libro escolar o técnico, cuyas cifras de ventas superan significativamente las del segmento literario.

Temporal patterns of TV watching for Portuguese viewers

Audiometer systems provide enormous amounts of detailed TV watching data. Several relevant and interdependent factors may influence TV viewers' behavior. In this work we focus on the time factor and derive Temporal Patterns of TV watching, based on panel data. Clustering base attributes are originated from 1440 binary minute-related attributes, capturing the TV watching status (watch/not watch). Since there are around 2500 panel viewers a data reduction procedure is first performed. K-Means algorithm is used to obtain daily clusters of viewers. Weekly patterns are then derived which rely on daily patterns. The obtained solutions are tested for consistency and stability. Temporal TV watching patterns provide new insights concerning Portuguese TV viewers' behavior.

Modulation of translation factor's gene expression by histone deacetylase inhibitors in breast cancer cells

The histone deacetylase inhibitors sodium butyrate (NaBu) and trichostatin A (TSA) exhibit anti-proliferative activity by causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The mechanisms by which NaBu and TSA cause apoptosis and cell cycle arrest are not yet completely clarified, although these agents are known to modulate the expression of several genes including cell-cycle- and apoptosis-related genes. The enzymes involved in the process of translation have important roles in controlling cell growth and apoptosis, and several of these translation factors have been described as having a causal role in the development of cancer. The expression patterns of the translation mechanism, namely of the elongation factors eEF1A1 and eEF1A2, and of the termination factors eRF1 and eRF3, were studied in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction after a 24-h treatment with NaBu and TSA. NaBu induced inhibition of translation factors' transcription, whereas TSA caused an increase in mRNA levels. Thus, these two agents may modulate the expression of translation factors through different pathways. We propose that the inhibition caused by NaBu may, in part, be responsible for the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by this agent in MCF-7 cells.

Influence of the use of recycled concrete aggregates from different sources on structural concrete

This paper intends to evaluate the capacity of producing concrete with a pre-established performance (in terms of mechanical strength) incorporating recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) from different sources. To this purpose, rejected products from the precasting industry and concrete produced in laboratory were used. The appraisal of the self-replication capacity was made for three strength ranges: 15-25 MPa, 35-45 MPa and 65-75 MPa. The mixes produced tried to replicate the strength of the source concrete (SC) of the RA. Only total, (100%) replacement of coarse natural aggregates (CNA) by coarse recycled concrete aggregates (CRCA) was tested. The results show that, both in mechanical and durability terms, there were no significant differences between aggregates from controlled sources and those from precast rejects for the highest levels of the target strength. Furthermore, the performance losses resulting from the RA's incorporation are substantially reduced when used medium or high strength SC's. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Improving accuracy for OTD based 3G geolocation in real urban/suburban environments

This paper presents the recent research results about the development of a Observed Time Difference (OTD) based geolocation algorithm based on network trace data, for a real Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) Network. The initial results have been published in [1], the current paper focus on increasing the sample convergence rate, and introducing a new filtering approach based on a moving average spatial filter, to increase accuracy. Field tests have been carried out for two radio environments (urban and suburban) in the Lisbon area, Portugal. The new enhancements produced a geopositioning success rate of 47% and 31%, and a median accuracy of 151 m and 337 m, for the urban and suburban environments, respectively. The implemented filter produced a 16% and 20% increase on accuracy, when compared with the geopositioned raw data. The obtained results are rather promising in accuracy and geolocation success rate. OTD positioning smoothed by moving average spatial filtering reveals a strong approach for positioning trace extracted events, vital for boosting Self-Organizing Networks (SON) over a 3G network.

Fabrication of electrochemically reduced graphene oxide/cobalt oxide composite for charge storage electrodes

Electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (Er-GO) and cobalt oxides (CoOx) were co-electrodeposited by cyclic voltammetry, from an electrolyte containing graphene oxide and cobalt nitrate, directly onto a stainless steel substrate to produce composite electrodes presenting high charge storage capacity. The electrochemical response of the composite films was optimized by studying the parameters applied during the electrodeposition process, namely the number of cycles, scan rate and ratio between GO/Co(NO3)(2) concentrations in the electrolyte. It is shown that, if the appropriate conditions are selected, it is possible to produced binder-free composite electrodes with improved electrochemical properties using a low-cost, facile and scalable technique. The optimized Er-GO/CoOx developed in this work exhibits a specific capacitance of 608 F g(-1) at a current density of 1 A g(-1) and increased reversibility when compared to single CoOx. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Influence of the crushing process of recycled aggregates on concrete properties

This work intends to evaluate the (mechanical and durability) performance of concrete made with coarse recycled concrete aggregates (CRCA) obtained using two crushing processes: primary crushing (PC) and primary plus secondary crushing (PSC). This analysis intends to select the most efficient production process of recycled aggregates (RA). The RA used here resulted from precast products (P), with strength classes of 20 MPa, 45 MPa and 65 MPa, and from laboratory-made concrete (L) with the same compressive strengths. The evaluation of concrete was made with the following tests: compressive strength; splitting tensile strength; modulus of elasticity; carbona-tion resistance; chloride penetration resistance; capillary water absorption; and water absorption by immersion. These findings contribute to a solid and innovative basis that allows the precasting industry to use without restrictions the waste it generates. © (2015) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.