Lesões da substância branca por ressonância magnética: uma avaliação entre as ponderações DWI e T2 FLAIR

RESUMO: Objetivos – Determinar a sensibilidade e especificidade das ponderações Difusão (DWI) e T2 Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) na avaliação de lesões da substância branca (SB) e verificar em que medida se complementam, por forma a criar um conjunto de boas práticas na RM cranioencefálica de rotina. Metodologia – Recorrendo-se a uma metodologia quantitativa, efetuou-se uma análise retrospetiva da qual foram selecionados 30 pacientes, 10 sem patologia e 20 com patologia (2 com EM, 7 com Leucoencefalopatia, 6 com doença microangiopática e 5 com patologia da substância branca indefinida). Obteve-se uma amostra de 60 imagens, nomeadamente: 30 imagens ponderadas em DWI e 30 em T2 FLAIR. Recorrendo ao programa Viewdex®, três observadores avaliaram um conjunto de imagens segundo sete critérios: visibilidade, deteção, homogeneidade, localização, margens e dimensões da lesão e capacidade de diagnóstico. Com os resultados obtidos recorreu-se ao cálculo de sensibilidade e especificidade pelas Curvas ROC, bem como à análise estatística, nomeadamente, Teste-T, Índice de Concordância Kappa e coeficiente de correlação de Pearson entre as variáveis em estudo. Resultados – Os resultados de sensibilidade e de especificidade obtidos para a ponderação T2 FLAIR foram superiores (0,915 e 0,038, respetivamente) aos da ponderação DWI (0,08 e 0,100, respetivamente). Não se verificaram variâncias populacionais significativas. Obteve-se uma elevada correlação linear entre as variáveis com um valor r situado entre 0,8 e 0,99. Verificou-se também uma variabilidade considerável entre os observadores. Conclusões – Dados os baixos valores de sensibilidade e especificidade obtidos para a DWI, sugere-se que esta deva ser incluída no protocolo de rotina de crânio como auxiliar no diagnóstico diferencial com outras patologias.

Role of malnutrition and parasite infections in the spatial variation in children’s anaemia risk in northern Angola

Anaemia is known to have an impact on child development and mortality and is a severe public health problem in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated the consistency between ecological and individual-level approaches to anaemia mapping by building spatial anaemia models for children aged ≤15 years using different modelling approaches. We aimed to (i) quantify the role of malnutrition, malaria, Schistosoma haematobium and soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) in anaemia endemicity; and (ii) develop a high resolution predictive risk map of anaemia for the municipality of Dande in northern Angola. We used parasitological survey data for children aged ≤15 years to build Bayesian geostatistical models of malaria (PfPR≤15), S. haematobium, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura and predict small-scale spatial variations in these infections. Malnutrition, PfPR≤15, and S. haematobium infections were significantly associated with anaemia risk. An estimated 12.5%, 15.6% and 9.8% of anaemia cases could be averted by treating malnutrition, malaria and S. haematobium, respectively. Spatial clusters of high risk of anaemia (>86%) were identified. Using an individual-level approach to anaemia mapping at a small spatial scale, we found that anaemia in children aged ≤15 years is highly heterogeneous and that malnutrition and parasitic infections are important contributors to the spatial variation in anaemia risk. The results presented in this study can help inform the integration of the current provincial malaria control programme with ancillary micronutrient supplementation and control of neglected tropical diseases such as urogenital schistosomiasis and STH infections.

Compreender os atributos da qualidade percebida pelos clientes/utentes do Grupo CUF: o caso de três serviços de imagiologia da Região de Lisboa

Mestrado em Intervenção Sócio-Organizacional na Saúde - Área de especialização: Qualidade e Tecnologias da Saúde.

Adequação da acústica e controlo do ruído em unidades de ressonância magnética: projeto de investigação

Mestrado em Segurança e Higiene do Trabalho.

Tsunamigenic earthquakes in the Gulf of Cadiz: fault model and recurrence

The Gulf of Cadiz, as part of the Azores-Gibraltar plate boundary, is recognized as a potential source of big earthquakes and tsunamis that may affect the bordering countries, as occurred on 1 November 1755. Preparing for the future, Portugal is establishing a national tsunami warning system in which the threat caused by any large-magnitude earthquake in the area is estimated from a comprehensive database of scenarios. In this paper we summarize the knowledge about the active tectonics in the Gulf of Cadiz and integrate the available seismological information in order to propose the generation model of destructive tsunamis to be applied in tsunami warnings. The fault model derived is then used to estimate the recurrence of large earthquakes using the fault slip rates obtained by Cunha et al. (2012) from thin-sheet neotectonic modelling. Finally we evaluate the consistency of seismicity rates derived from historical and instrumental catalogues with the convergence rates between Eurasia and Nubia given by plate kinematic models.

The electric vehicle integration into the power system: an application to the portuguese case

Electric vehicles (EV) offer a great potential to address the integration of renewable energy sources (RES) in the power grid, and thus reduce the dependence on oil as well as the greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. The high share of wind energy in the Portuguese energy mix expected for 2020 can led to eventual curtailment, especially during the winter when high levels of hydro generation occur. In this paper a methodology based on a unit commitment and economic dispatch is implemented, and a hydro-thermal dispatch is performed in order to evaluate the impact of the EVs integration into the grid. Results show that the considered 10 % penetration of EVs in the Portuguese fleet would increase load in 3 % and would not integrate a significant amount of wind energy because curtailment is already reduced in the absence of EVs. According to the results, the EV is charged mostly with thermal generation and the associated emissions are much higher than if they were calculated based on the generation mix.

Temporal patterns of TV watching for Portuguese viewers

Audiometer systems provide enormous amounts of detailed TV watching data. Several relevant and interdependent factors may influence TV viewers' behavior. In this work we focus on the time factor and derive Temporal Patterns of TV watching, based on panel data. Clustering base attributes are originated from 1440 binary minute-related attributes, capturing the TV watching status (watch/not watch). Since there are around 2500 panel viewers a data reduction procedure is first performed. K-Means algorithm is used to obtain daily clusters of viewers. Weekly patterns are then derived which rely on daily patterns. The obtained solutions are tested for consistency and stability. Temporal TV watching patterns provide new insights concerning Portuguese TV viewers' behavior.

Educational policies, territories and actors strategies

The purpose of this paper is to analyse how educational policies about school violence are reinterpreted and implemented at school level and if this process contributes to a more pluralistic and democratic school. A research carried out in 3 clusters of schools showed that the diversity of understandings and strategies to face school violence, higher within the territories than between them, was associated to the school board's agendas and the legitimacy of the different actors to interpret and act within the national policies framework. There was a high consistency between violence management strategies and the ways schools faced social and cultural diversity. Those who favour more inclusive strategies to deal with violence tend to provide higher educational opportunities in schools, inversely, those who favour repressive strategies are more likely to support educational and social selective strategies, with less educational offer; less participation of teachers, students and parents in violence regulation.

Exposição profissional a nanopartículas na indústria farmacêutica: estudo exploratório

Mestrado em Segurança e Higiene no Trabalho

O uso de palmilhas de contato total e o impacte nas alterações posturais no trabalho em ortostatismo

Mestrado em Higiene e Segurança no Trabalho

A estrutura da narrativa na escrita dos alunos surdos

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ciências da Educação - Especialização em Educação Especial

Complementarity of conventional and molecular methods in the assessment of fungal contamination caused by Aspergillus fumigatus complex in one Portuguese composting plant

The handling of waste and compost that occurs frequently in composting plants (compost turning, shredding, and screening) has been shown to be responsible for the release of dust and air borne microorganisms and their compounds in the air. Thermophilic fungi, such as A. fumigatus, have been reported and this kind of contamination in composting facilities has been associated with increased respiratory symptoms among compost workers. This study intended to characterize fungal contamination in a totally indoor composting plant located in Portugal. Besides conventional methods, molecular biology was also applied to overcome eventual limitations.

A aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita partindo de texto

Projeto de Intervenção apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para a obtenção de grau de Mestre em Didática da Língua Portuguesa no 1º e 2º CEB

Análise probabilística de segurança de barragens gravidade de betão

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização de Estruturas

O Balanced Scorecard como instrumento de gestão estratégica: sua aplicabilidade no Instituto de Gestão Financeira da Segurança Social, I.P.

Mestrado em Contabilidade e Gestão das Instituições Financeiras