An Efficient Long Distance Echo Canceller

This paper describes an implementation of a long distance echo canceller, operating on full-duplex with hands-free and in real-time with a single Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The proposed solution is based on short length adaptive filters centered on the positions of the most significant echoes, which are tracked by time delay estimators, for which we use a new approach. To deal with double talking situations a speech detector is employed. The floating-point DSP TMS320C6713 from Texas Instruments is used with software written in C++, with compiler optimizations for fast execution. The resulting algorithm enables long distance echo cancellation with low computational requirements, suited for embbeded systems. It reaches greater echo return loss enhancement and shows faster convergence speed when compared to the conventional approach. The experimental results approach the CCITT G.165 recommendation levels.

A comunicação nos Hospitais Públicos Portugueses: uma questão de excelência

Os Hospitais são organizações extraordinariamente complicadas, representando uma das formas mais complexas de organização humana. Desempenham, igualmente, um papel inquestionável e essencial para a sociedade – a prestação dos cuidados de saúde, mas também a promoção, prevenção e protecção da mesma. Ao contrário do que se pensa, a compreensão da necessidade de desenvolvimento de departamentos de comunicação organizacional no seio das instituições de saúde públicas não é só uma realidade nos países anglo-saxónicos. Na realidade um pouco por toda a Europa a consciencialização sobre o valor intrínseco da comunicação organizacional e institucional para o melhor desempenho das unidades de saúde é já uma questão de facto ao contrário do que parece continuar a acontecer em Portugal. Esta investigação tem como objectivo por um lado a caracterização das estruturas de comunicação existentes nos hospitais públicos portugueses e por outro lado, evidenciar as áreas que são mais privilegiadas por estas estruturas. É importante num momento de mudança em termos de políticas públicas de saúde, a clarificação do papel dos departamentos de comunicação no seio das unidades hospitalares colocando-os enquanto órgãos estratégicos no desenvolvimento e na prossecução dos objectivos das instituições.

Subunits of the chaperonin CCT are associated with Tetrahymena microtubule structures and are involved in cilia biogenesis

The cytosolic chaperonin CCT is a heterooligomeric complex of about 900 kDa that mediates the folding of cytoskeletal proteins. We observed by indirect immunofluorescence that the Tetrahymena TpCCTalpha, TpCCTdelta, TpCCTepsilon, and TpCCTeta-subunits colocalize with tubulin in cilia, basal bodies, oral apparatus, and contractile vacuole pores. TpCCT-subunits localization was affected during reciliation. These findings combined with atomic force microscopy measurements in reciliating cells indicate that these proteins play a role during cilia biogenesis related to microtubule nucleation, tubulin transport, and/or axoneme assembly. The TpCCT-subunits were also found to be associated with cortex and cytoplasmic microtubules suggesting that they can act as microtubule-associated proteins. The TpCCTdelta being the only subunit found associated with the macronuclear envelope indicates that it has functions outside of the 900 kDa complex. Tetrahymena cytoplasm contains granular/globular-structures of TpCCT-subunits in close association with microtubule arrays. Studies of reciliation and with cycloheximide suggest that these structures may be sites of translation and folding. Combined biochemical techniques revealed that reciliation affects the oligomeric state of TpCCT-subunits being tubulin preferentially associated with smaller CCT oligomeric species in early stages of reciliation. Collectively, these findings indicate that the oligomeric state of CCT-subunits reflects the translation capacity of the cell and microtubules integrity.

Water quality issues in rivers, lakes and reservoirs in Asian countries: an approach to the problems and the methodologies

Water covers over 70% of the Earth's surface, and is vital for all known forms of life. But only 3% of the Earth's water is fresh water, and less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes, reservoirs and the atmosphere. However, rivers and lakes are an important part of fresh surface water, amounting to about 89%. In this Master Thesis dissertation, the focus is on three types of water bodies – rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and their water quality issues in Asian countries. The surface water quality in a region is largely determined both by the natural processes such as climate or geographic conditions, and the anthropogenic influences such as industrial and agricultural activities or land use conversion. The quality of the water can be affected by pollutants discharge from a specific point through a sewer pipe and also by extensive drainage from agriculture/urban areas and within basin. Hence, water pollutant sources can be divided into two categories: Point source pollution and Non-point source (NPS) pollution. Seasonal variations in precipitation and surface run-off have a strong effect on river discharge and the concentration of pollutants in water bodies. For example, in the rainy season, heavy and persistent rain wash off the ground, the runoff flow increases and may contain various kinds of pollutants and, eventually, enters the water bodies. In some cases, especially in confined water bodies, the quality may be positive related with rainfall in the wet season, because this confined type of fresh water systems allows high dilution of pollutants, decreasing their possible impacts. During the dry season, the quality of water is largely related to industrialization and urbanization pollution. The aim of this study is to identify the most common water quality problems in Asian countries and to enumerate and analyze the methodologies used for assessment of water quality conditions of both rivers and confined water bodies (lakes and reservoirs). Based on the evaluation of a sample of 57 papers, dated between 2000 and 2012, it was found that over the past decade, the water quality of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs in developing countries is being degraded. Water pollution and destruction of aquatic ecosystems have caused massive damage to the functions and integrity of water resources. The most widespread NPS in Asian countries and those which have the greatest spatial impacts are urban runoff and agriculture. Locally, mine waste runoff and rice paddy are serious NPS problems. The most relevant point pollution sources are the effluents from factories, sewage treatment plant, and public or household facilities. It was found that the most used methodology was unquestionably the monitoring activity, used in 49 of analyzed studies, accounting for 86%. Sometimes, data from historical databases were used as well. It can be seen that taking samples from the water body and then carry on laboratory work (chemical analyses) is important because it can give an understanding of the water quality. 6 papers (11%) used a method that combined monitoring data and modeling. 6 papers (11%) just applied a model to estimate the quality of water. Modeling is a useful resource when there is limited budget since some models are of free download and use. In particular, several of used models come from the U.S.A, but they have their own purposes and features, meaning that a careful application of the models to other countries and a critical discussion of the results are crucial. 5 papers (9%) focus on a method combining monitoring data and statistical analysis. When there is a huge data matrix, the researchers need an efficient way of interpretation of the information which is provided by statistics. 3 papers (5%) used a method combining monitoring data, statistical analysis and modeling. These different methods are all valuable to evaluate the water quality. It was also found that the evaluation of water quality was made as well by using other types of sampling different than water itself, and they also provide useful information to understand the condition of the water body. These additional monitoring activities are: Air sampling, sediment sampling, phytoplankton sampling and aquatic animal tissues sampling. Despite considerable progress in developing and applying control regulations to point and NPS pollution, the pollution status of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs in Asian countries is not improving. In fact, this reflects the slow pace of investment in new infrastructure for pollution control and growing population pressures. Water laws or regulations and public involvement in enforcement can play a constructive and indispensable role in environmental protection. In the near future, in order to protect water from further contamination, rapid action is highly needed to control the various kinds of effluents in one region. Environmental remediation and treatment of industrial effluent and municipal wastewaters is essential. It is also important to prevent the direct input of agricultural and mine site runoff. Finally, stricter environmental regulation for water quality is required to support protection and management strategies. It would have been possible to get further information based in the 57 sample of papers. For instance, it would have been interesting to compare the level of concentrations of some pollutants in the diferente Asian countries. However the limit of three months duration for this study prevented further work to take place. In spite of this, the study objectives were achieved: the work provided an overview of the most relevant water quality problems in rivers, lakes and reservoirs in Asian countries, and also listed and analyzed the most common methodologies.

Lubrificação de compressores que aspiram fluido frigorigéneo a temperaturas inferiores a -30° C

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Simulação, em software adequado, da sintomatologia vibracional de avarias mecânicas de máquinas rotativas

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica na Área de Manutenção e Produção

Quality assurance and quality control in mammography: a review of available guidance worldwide

Objectives - Review available guidance for quality assurance (QA) in mammography and discuss its contribution to harmonise practices worldwide. Methods - Literature search was performed on different sources to identify guidance documents for QA in mammography available worldwide in international bodies, healthcare providers, professional/scientific associations. The guidance documents identified were reviewed and a selection was compared for type of guidance (clinical/technical), technology and proposed QA methodologies focusing on dose and image quality (IQ) performance assessment. Results - Fourteen protocols (targeted at conventional and digital mammography) were reviewed. All included recommendations for testing acquisition, processing and display systems associated with mammographic equipment. All guidance reviewed highlighted the importance of dose assessment and testing the Automatic Exposure Control (AEC) system. Recommended tests for assessment of IQ showed variations in the proposed methodologies. Recommended testing focused on assessment of low-contrast detection, spatial resolution and noise. QC of image display is recommended following the American Association of Physicists in Medicine guidelines. Conclusions - The existing QA guidance for mammography is derived from key documents (American College of Radiology and European Union guidelines) and proposes similar tests despite the variations in detail and methodologies. Studies reported on QA data should provide detail on experimental technique to allow robust data comparison. Countries aiming to implement a mammography/QA program may select/prioritise the tests depending on available technology and resources.

Divulgação de informação sobre instrumentos derivados: evidência empírica nas empresas do PSI 20

Mestrado em Contabilidade

Referencial para a auditoria interna nas instituições particulares de solidariedade social

Mestrado em Auditoria

Vertex component analysis: a fast algorithm to extract endmembers spectra from hyperspectral data

Chapter in Book Proceedings with Peer Review First Iberian Conference, IbPRIA 2003, Puerto de Andratx, Mallorca, Spain, JUne 4-6, 2003. Proceedings

A Técnica de Dança Clássica na Performance Contemporânea : desenvolvimento de competências técnicas e artísticas, nos alunos dos últimos anos da Academia de Dança Contemporânea de Setúbal, visando a sua entrada no meio artístico profissional

Relatório Final de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Dança com vista à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ensino de Dança.

A influência da cultura e do julgamento profissional sobre a contabilidade : uma análise sob o ponto de vista dos preparadores da informação em Portugal

Mestrado em Auditoria

Amarração de plataformas offshore flutuantes com cabos de poliéster

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização de Estruturas

Implementação em hardware reconfigurável de método de separação de dados hiperespetrais

Relatório do Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia de Electrónica e Telecomunicações

Sistema de reconhecimento de impressões digitais baseado em FPGA

Trabalho de Projeto para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia de Eletrónica e Telecomunicações