Comporta de vigas: dimensionamento e análise estrutural

As comportas de vigas de fundo, objecto de estudo no presente trabalho, são essenciais devido à sua capacidade de controlo do fluxo de água em casos de emergência. Assim este trabalho visou o dimensionamento e análise estrutural de uma comporta dessa natureza. Para o seu dimensionamento foi essencial a norma DIN19704-1:1998, que define todos os padrões que devem ser levados em conta numa construção hidráulica em aço. Deste modo, após uma breve descrição do enquadramento e do estado da arte relativamente a este assunto, foram apresentados ao longo do trabalho, os cálculos dos principais componentes mecânicos que fazem parte dum projecto de uma comporta de vigas. Para comprovar a validade do dimensionamento da comporta realizado através da norma, recorreu-se a um software de análise e simulação por elementos finitos, COSMOSWorks, no sentido de assim prever o comportamento mecânico em análise estática linear, que as solicitações mecânicas em presença têm sobre a comporta. Os resultados da comparação entre o dimensionamento teórico e a análise de tensões através do COSMOSWorks nos elementos mais críticos da estrutura, permitem concluir globalmente que a comporta está bem dimensionada tendo em conta os esforços que tem de suportar.

Projecto de fundações e estrutura de um edifício de 4 pisos em Lisboa, destinado a habitação

O objectivo deste trabalho consiste na elaboração de um projecto de estruturas de um edifício, desde a fase de concepção estrutural até à fase de pormenorização, passando obviamente pelo dimensionamento. O trabalho foi motivo para aplicação dos conhecimentos adquiridos durante o curso, na prática de projecto de estruturas, nomeadamente na utilização da regulamentação europeia de estruturas que está para entrar em vigor. O projecto foi elaborado a partir do projecto base de arquitectura e diz respeito a um conjunto de 4 edifícios de habitação separados por junta de dilatação, a construir em Lisboa. A estrutura em betão armado constituída por lajes fungiformes maciças apoiadas em pilares, paredes de betão e vigas, foi analisada com recurso a um programa de cálculo automático de elementos finitos SAP 200 V14.2.4. Para a execução deste trabalho recorreu-se à regulamentação europeia, nomeadamente o Eurocódigo 0, o Eurocódigo 1, o Eurocódigo 2 e o Eurocódigo 8, na sua versão final de Norma Portuguesa. Os critérios de dimensionamento bem como as disposições construtivas relativas a armaduras de betão são detalhadamente referidos ao longo do trabalho. Embora a análise estrutural tenha sido efectuada para quatro edifícios, os desenhos de pormenorização de betão armado são apresentados relativamente apenas ao edifício Nº1. Optou-se por esta solução em virtude de os edifícios serem semelhantes.

Topological Complexity and Predictability in the Dynamics of a Tumor Growth Model with Shilnikov's Chaos

Dynamical systems modeling tumor growth have been investigated to determine the dynamics between tumor and healthy cells. Recent theoretical investigations indicate that these interactions may lead to different dynamical outcomes, in particular to homoclinic chaos. In the present study, we analyze both topological and dynamical properties of a recently characterized chaotic attractor governing the dynamics of tumor cells interacting with healthy tissue cells and effector cells of the immune system. By using the theory of symbolic dynamics, we first characterize the topological entropy and the parameter space ordering of kneading sequences from one-dimensional iterated maps identified in the dynamics, focusing on the effects of inactivation interactions between both effector and tumor cells. The previous analyses are complemented with the computation of the spectrum of Lyapunov exponents, the fractal dimension and the predictability of the chaotic attractors. Our results show that the inactivation rate of effector cells by the tumor cells has an important effect on the dynamics of the system. The increase of effector cells inactivation involves an inverse Feigenbaum (i.e. period-halving bifurcation) scenario, which results in the stabilization of the dynamics and in an increase of dynamics predictability. Our analyses also reveal that, at low inactivation rates of effector cells, tumor cells undergo strong, chaotic fluctuations, with the dynamics being highly unpredictable. Our findings are discussed in the context of tumor cells potential viability.

Determinação de propriedades mecânicas através de ensaios de provetes miniatura, "Small Punch"

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Colloidal dipolar interactions in 2D smectic-C films

We use a two-dimensional (2D) elastic free energy to calculate the effective interaction between two circular disks immersed in smectic-C films. For strong homeotropic anchoring, the distortion of the director field caused by the disks generates topological defects that induce an effective interaction between the disks. We use finite elements, with adaptive meshing, to minimize the 2D elastic free energy. The method is shown to be accurate and efficient for inhomogeneities on the length scales set by the disks and the defects, that differ by up to 3 orders of magnitude. We compute the effective interaction between two disk-defect pairs in a simple (linear) configuration. For large disk separations, D, the elastic free energy scales as similar to D-2, confirming the dipolar character of the long-range effective interaction. For small D the energy exhibits a pronounced minimum. The lowest energy corresponds to a symmetrical configuration of the disk-defect pairs, with the inner defect at the mid-point between the disks. The disks are separated by a distance that, is twice the distance of the outer defect from the nearest disk. The latter is identical to the equilibrium distance of a defect nucleated by an isolated disk.

Controlo preditivo distribuído para conforto térmico em edifícios

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica Ramo de Automação e Electrónica Industrial

Análise estática não linear de um edifício em betão armado

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Dimensionamento de um pavilhão industrial metálico com fundações indirectas

Trabalho de projecto para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização em Estruturas

Dynamic behaviour of soft core sandwich beam structures using kriging-based layerwise models

Sandwich structures with soft cores are widely used in applications where a high bending stiffness is required without compromising the global weight of the structure, as well as in situations where good thermal and damping properties are important parameters to observe. As equivalent single layer approaches are not the more adequate to describe realistically the kinematics and the stresses distributions as well as the dynamic behaviour of this type of sandwiches, where shear deformations and the extensibility of the core can be very significant, layerwise models may provide better solutions. Additionally and in connection with this multilayer approach, the selection of different shear deformation theories according to the nature of the material that constitutes the core and the outer skins can predict more accurately the sandwich behaviour. In the present work the authors consider the use of different shear deformation theories to formulate different layerwise models, implemented through kriging-based finite elements. The viscoelastic material behaviour, associated to the sandwich core, is modelled using the complex approach and the dynamic problem is solved in the frequency domain. The outer elastic layers considered in this work may also be made from different nanocomposites. The performance of the models developed is illustrated through a set of test cases. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Remote operation of embedded controllers designed using IOPT Petri-nets

This paper presents a new communication architecture to enable the remote control, monitoring and debug of embedded-system controllers designed using IOPT Petri nets. IOPT Petri nets and the related tools (http://gres.uninova.pt) have been used as a rapid prototyping and development framework, including model-checking, simulation and automatic code generation tools. The new architecture adds remote operation capabilities to the controllers produced by the automatic code generators, enabling quasi-real-time remote debugging and monitoring using the IOPT simulator tool. Furthermore, it enables the creation of graphical user interfaces for remote operation and the development of distributed systems where a Petri net model running on a central system supervises the actions of multiple remote subsystems. © 2015 IEEE.

Projeto de estruturas de um edifício em betão armado com recurso ao programa de cálculo automático ETABS

Trabalho de Projeto para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Civil

Dimensionamento de um edifício misto de ensacagem a construir numa instalação industrial

Trabalho de Projeto para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil Estruturas

A study on the modeling of sandwich functionally graded particulate composites

Dual-phase functionally graded materials are a particular type of composite materials whose properties are tailored to vary continuously, depending on its two constituent's composition distribution, and which use is increasing on the most diverse application fields. These materials are known to provide superior thermal and mechanical performances when compared to the traditional laminated composites, exactly because of this continuous properties variation characteristic, which enables among other advantages smoother stresses distribution profile. In this paper we study the influence of different homogenization schemes, namely the schemes due to Voigt, Hashin-Shtrikman and Mod-Tanaka, which can be used to obtain bounds estimates for the material properties of particulate composite structures. To achieve this goal we also use a set of finite element models based on higher order shear deformation theories and also on first order theory. From the studies carried out, on linear static analyses and on free vibration analyses, it is shown that the bounds estimates are as important as the deformation kinematics basis assumed to analyse these types of multifunctional structures. Concerning to the homogenization schemes studied, it is shown that Mori-Tanaka and Hashin-Shtrikman estimates lead to less conservative results when compared to Voigt rule of mixtures.

Power converter topologies for wind energy conversion systems: Integrated modeling, control strategy and performance simulation

This paper presents new integrated model for variable-speed wind energy conversion systems, considering a more accurate dynamic of the wind turbine, rotor, generator, power converter and filter. Pulse width modulation by space vector modulation associated with sliding mode is used for controlling the power converters. Also, power factor control is introduced at the output of the power converters. Comprehensive performance simulation studies are carried out with matrix, two-level and multilevel power converter topologies in order to adequately assert the system performance. Conclusions are duly drawn.

Correlation modeling for a distributed scalable video codec based on the HEVC standard

The growing heterogeneity of networks, devices and consumption conditions asks for flexible and adaptive video coding solutions. The compression power of the HEVC standard and the benefits of the distributed video coding paradigm allow designing novel scalable coding solutions with improved error robustness and low encoding complexity while still achieving competitive compression efficiency. In this context, this paper proposes a novel scalable video coding scheme using a HEVC Intra compliant base layer and a distributed coding approach in the enhancement layers (EL). This design inherits the HEVC compression efficiency while providing low encoding complexity at the enhancement layers. The temporal correlation is exploited at the decoder to create the EL side information (SI) residue, an estimation of the original residue. The EL encoder sends only the data that cannot be inferred at the decoder, thus exploiting the correlation between the original and SI residues; however, this correlation must be characterized with an accurate correlation model to obtain coding efficiency improvements. Therefore, this paper proposes a correlation modeling solution to be used at both encoder and decoder, without requiring a feedback channel. Experiments results confirm that the proposed scalable coding scheme has lower encoding complexity and provides BD-Rate savings up to 3.43% in comparison with the HEVC Intra scalable extension under development. © 2014 IEEE.