Filicídio e matricídio : quando a relação entre mãe e filho se torna fatal

RESUMO: A morte de um filho às mãos da sua mãe ou de uma mãe às mãos do seu filho, é uma realidade rara que provoca uma reacção colectiva de choque e repulsa. Por seu turno, a comunidade cientifica procura explicações, classificações e formas de prever e evitar novas tragédias. No presente estudo foram objecto de análise cinco casos de filicídio e seis casos de matricídio, tendo-se procedido à avaliação de características de personalidade e enquadramento social e familiar, através da realização de uma entrevista e a aplicação de dois testes de personalidade, um teste de inteligência geral e um teste de impulsividade. Com excepção de 4 casos de matricidas, os restantes sujeitos não apresentaram problemas mentais graves nem marcada perturbação anti-social de personalidade, sendo os factores determinantes mais comuns de natureza social e familiar, que, associados às respectivas características de personalidade e nível de inteligência, conduziram os sujeitos ao acto, levando a concluir pela necessidade do reforço das políticas sociais e de saúde mental, bem como, da necessidade de um maior conhecimento do sujeito que pratica o crime por parte de quem tem a responsabilidade de o julgar e de quem tem o encargo de o reabilitar. ABSTRACT: The death of a child at the hands of its mother or of a mother at the hands of her child is a rare reality that causes a collective reaction of shock and disgust. In turn, the scientific community seeks explanations, classifications and ways of predicting and preventing further tragedies. The current study examined five cases of filicide and six cases of matricide, and personality characteristics and social and family frameworks were assessed, through the application of an interview, two personality tests, a general intelligence test and an impulsivity test. With the exception of 4 cases of matricide, the remaining subjects did not show any serious mental problems or severe anti-social personality disturbance, the most common factors being of social and family nature. These factors, combined with their personality characteristics and intelligence level, led the subjects to the act, thus showing the need to strengthen social and mental health policies, as well as the need for a greater knowledge on the subject who commits the offence, from the part of those who are responsible for judging him and of those who are in charge of rehabilitating him.

Researching and designing GREAT; the extremely condensed hybrid urban block

The fact that the hybrid building is an extremely condensed urban block which increases the city’s density and contributes to the public realm of the city – horizontally as well vertically - forms one of the key interests of this documentation, research and master studio work. The “ground scraper” is not only public because of the character of its plinth facing surrounding streets, but also in regard to its interior space that is partly accessible to public. As such the European hybrid building potentially extends the city’s public domain horizontally and vertically into the building’s interior and links the public domain inside and outside. Notwithstanding, the hybrid building due to its specific and unconventional character represents a truly urban architecture that was unfortunately often rejected in the name of ‘purity’ of form and function during the twentieth century. Or with other words, its rejection demonstrates the domination of the building’s plan opposed to the section. Today, new frameworks for the city, like the “compact city,” ask for innovative interpretations and designs of building types, worthy to be investigated and proposed. The architectural type of the hybrid building, (re)defines and expresses the relation between architecture and the city in a specific manner. To begin with, the city of Rotterdam forms the first test-case of the Hybrid’s project to document and discuss statements, such as “the hybrid building has a long- standing tradition within this ‘modern city”, “it is a machine for urbanity,” “it enlarges the city,” “it innovates because of its ambitiousness but also because of necessity,” “it combines to activate,” “it asks for extraordinary design intelligence and craftsmanship.” A special way of drawing is developed to document, analyse and compare historical and contemporary representatives of the species. The method includes panoply of scales ranging from the morphological arrangement on the scale of the city, the typologies of stacking diverse programs to the architectural features that establish the mutual relationship between the public space of the city and the interior of the building. Basically the features analysed within the series of drawings are also constitutional for (the success of) every future hybrid building.