A disciplina de biónica no curso de design na Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias

Desde a Antiguidade, o Homem ficou fascinado pelos inventos da Natureza. Na mitologia surgiram criaturas, tais como os centauros, que uniram o tronco e a cabeça do Homem com o corpo do cavalo. Segundo a lenda, Dédalo e Ícaro fugiram da ilha de Creta a voar utilizando asas compostas por penas e cera. Nos últimos séculos, várias tentativas foram feitas para aproveitar estruturas e formas oriundas da Natureza para engenhos técnicos. Nomeadamente o voo dos pássaros levantou muita curiosidade. Na época renascentista, Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), além de outros inventos, tentou entender o mecanismo do vôo dos pássaros e construir um aparelho voador. Durante o século XIX, Otto von Lilienthal aprofundou os estudos do vôo dos pássaros e obteve os conhecimentos básicos que permitiram a construção das primeiras máquinas voadoras com asas.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in hemodialysis patients in southern Brazil

Introduction: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the most common hereditary renal disease in humans. Objective: To examine the prevalence, clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with polycystic kidneys and relate disease manifestations by gender. Methods: This was an observational and retrospective study. All the medical records of patients with polycystic kidneys who initiated hemodialysis between 1995 and 2012, in four centers that treat patients of the coverage area of the 15th regional health Paraná (Brazil), were analyzed. Results: The study included 48 patients with polycystic kidneys, the primary cause of stage 5 CKD. Disease prevalence was one in 10,912 people. The average age of dialysis initiation was 50.7 years and the follow-up time on dialysis until transplantation (36.5 months) was lower among men. Hypertension was the most frequent diagnosis in 73% of patients, predominantly in women (51.4%). The liver cyst was the most frequent extrarenal manifestations in men (60.0%). The death occurred in 10.4% of patients using hemodialysis, and 60% of men. The class of antihypertensive drug used was that acts on the renin-angiotensin system with higher frequency of use among women (53.3%). The post-dialysis urea was significantly higher in men. Conclusion: The prevalence of the disease is low among hemodialysis patients in southern Brazil. The differences observed between genders, with the exception of the post-dialysis urea, were not significant. The findings are different from those reported in North America and Europe.