Training for museums and the National Charter for museum professions in Italy: a new prospective for development

Traditionally Italian universities have trained researchers and professionals in conservation: archaeologists, art historians and architects. It is only with the reform of the universities, from 1999, that the teaching of museology and museography have also been expanded.Italian museums are for the most part public museums, depending on local bodies or the national ministry; they lack autonomy and do not possess specific professional figures. The task of conservation has predominated over the other roles of museums, but with the reform of the conservation law in 2004 the definition of „museum‟ has been introduced in Italy as well, and regulations regarding the development of heritage have been issued; in addition the Regions have also taken on a more active role for museums belonging to local bodies and for the development of their territory.Museum professions are not officially recognised, but the museum community, through the various associations and ICOM Italia, has put together a document to act as a general reference, the National Charter of Museum Professions, which has been followed by the Manual of Museum Professions in Europe. Now there is a need to plan the content and outlines ofvocational training courses for museum professionals, together withthe universities, the regions and the museums themselves, alongwith the associations and ICOM – ICTOP, utilising the mostinnovative Master‟s courses which offer an interdisciplinaryapproach, a methodology which combines theory and practice, andan element of hands-on experimentation in museums, or withmuseums.

A Agenda XXI Local - Conceitos, Objectivos e Prática Nacional Europeia

Revista Lusófona de Arquitectura e Educação

Educação ambiental: agenda 21 nas escolas públicas estaduais do tocantins – Brasil

A crise ambiental, econômica e social vigente, decorreu da transição de paradigmas da relação entre o homem e a natureza, perpassando pela visão natural, racional e históricosocial. Gerou impactos sem precedentes na história, ocasionou a busca de um novo paradigma para solucioná-la. A Educação Ambiental pretende formar cidadãos que garantam o desenvolvimento centrado na sustentabilidade da Terra. As políticas públicas devem buscar atender à nova ordem. A Agenda 21 Global visa garantir a sustentabilidade planetária, prevendo a formação da Agenda 21 Nacional e Local. No Brasil, o MMA e o MEC lançaram o Programa Vamos Cuidar do Brasil com as Escolas que prevê a elaboração da Agenda 21 Escolar. Objetivamos analisar e descrever o processo de construção e implementação da Agenda 21 Escolar no Tocantins. Utilizamos: análise documental, pesquisa qualiquantitativa e posterior triangulação dos dados. Concluímos que a Agenda 21 Escolar não é uma realidade em todas as escolas públicas tocantinenses. Percebemos que a política pública federal de educação ambiental consegue sensivelmente mobilizar as escolas tocantinenses para a construção de suas Agendas 21, porém não viabiliza sua implementação. Sugerimos a implantação de programas estaduais para preencher esta lacuna e consolidá-la e prepararmos o Tocantins para um futuro melhor.