Design factors affecting the success of settlement upgrading projects. Favela Bairro Program, Rio de Janeiro

One of the main stated objectives of the Favela Bairro program was to allow squatter settlements to become part of the formal city. The focus of the study is to assess how different project solutions in the Favela Bairro program have used urban design tools to achieve this objective. A subsequent question concerns the extent to which urban design factors helped to improve the social integration of the settlements, and specifically to overcome poverty and exclusion conditions.This bring us to a another group of problems related to indicators to measure the attainment of these objectives from four perspectives: Spatial, Social, Economical and Political (citizenship and participation)This analysis highlights the major difficulties confronted by the design teams, and allows pinpointing the positive and negative impacts of the interventions on the communities and the city

A segurança estrutural na reabilitação de património habitacional composto por elementos pré-fabricados

Pretende-se no presente artigo analisar a segurança estrutural do tipo de edificações referido, durante o seu processo de reabilitação. Considerando a existência de três momentos diferentes – o período antecedente ao início dos trabalhos, o intervalo de tempo correspondente ao decurso dos trabalhos de reabilitação e o período posterior, correspondente à futura utilização do património, é sobre o segundo que incidirá a nossa análise, por ser aquele em que a estrutura se encontra mais fragilizada, implicando uma menor segurança estrutural, que tende a ser desvalorizada, por ter uma natureza temporária. Numa primeira fase descreve-se o existente, assim como as alterações arquitetónicas propostas. Posteriormente indicam-se os potenciais danos estruturais resultantes das alterações pretendidas e as principais medidas a considerar para os evitar. Numa fase posterior propõe-se a sequenciação dos trabalhos de modo a evitar um colapso parcial ou global e, por último, apresentam-se conclusões e sugerem-se desenvolvimentos futuros. / The present work seeks to present an analysis related to the structural safety of prefabricated buildings, referred above, associated it’s rehabilitation process. Considering the existence of three different moments – a first period before the beginning of the works, a second one correspondent to the rehabilitation procedures and a last one related with the future utilization of the patrimony, this article will focus on the second period, because during that gap of time, the structure is usually weakened, which implies a lower structural safety that tends to be ignored, due to its temporary nature. In a first moment, the existing construction is described, as well as the architectonical proposals. Afterwards, are referred the potential structural damages resultant of the architectonical proposals and the measures to implemented to prevent them. In the posterior phase we propose the work sequence, in order to avoid a partial or global collapse and, finally, we reach some conclusions and suggest other works to be developed in the future.