O banco mundial e a política educacional no Estado da Bahia a partir de 1996, o programa Educar para vencer : fortalecimento da gestão educacional

RESUMO: A gestão do sistema educacional brasileiro foi significativamente descentralizada pela Constituição Federal de 1988 (CF/88) ao reconhecer a autonomia entre os três níveis federativos e ao introduzir o princípio da gestão democrática da Educação. Assim motivado, o sistema educacional baiano iniciou sua reforma em 1999, através do Programa Educar para Vencer, tendo como referencial oferecer maiores níveis de autonomia e capacidade local de gestão para as unidades escolares públicas no Estado da Bahia. Para fortalecer a gestão educacional, o Governo, através do Projeto Fortalecimento da Gestão e Autonomia Educacional (PFGAE), introduziu o planejamento estratégico para melhorar a qualidade de ensino como ferramenta de gestão das escolas públicas estaduais baianas, apoiado em um amplo programa de financiamento para a sua implementação. ABSTRACT: The administration of Brazil’s educational system was significantly decentralized by the Federal Constitution of 1988 (CF/88) when it recognized the autonomy between the three federative levels and introduced the education’s democratic management principle. Motivated by that, Bahia’s educational system started its reform in 1999, through the “Educar para Vencer” (Educate to Win) program, having as its aim to offer bigger levels of autonomy and administrative local capacity for public schools in the State of Bahia. To strengthen the educational administration, the government, via the Administration Strengthening and Educational Autonomy Project (PFGAE), introduced the strategic planning to improve the quality of education as a management tool of the state schools of Bahia, supported by a wide financing program for its implementation.

Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical features of patients with adult polycystic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis

Aims:To analyze the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with adult polycystic kidney disease admitted to hemodialysis services in Northwestern Paraná state,Brazil. Methods: This was an observational, descriptive and retrospective longitudinal study. Medical records of patients with polycystic kidneys who initiated hemodialysis between 1995 and 2012, in four centers that treat patients of the coverage area of the 15th Regional Health Region of Paraná state where analyzed. Results:We found that 10.3% of hemodialysis patients had polycystic kidney disease as a leading cause of stage 5 of chronic kidney disease. The mean age of patients was 54.9±9.4 years (ranging between 27 and 74 years), with equal gender distribution and Caucasian predominance (72.9%). The average age of dialysis initiation was 50±10.2 years. The most common comorbidity was systemic hypertension (66.7%). Liver cyst was the main extra-renal manifestation (10.4%). Twenty-five percent of the patients required renal transplantation, and (22.9%) undergone nephrectomy. The most widely used classes of antihypertensive drugs were β-blockers (41.7%) and drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system (31.3%), while 56.3% of patients were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin. Conclusions:This is a pioneering epidemiological study in Northwestern Paraná state. We found in this population a sociodemographic and clinical profile of adult polycystic kidney disease similar to that of North America and Europe, probably because the ethnic constitution of the sample was predominantly of Euro-descendants.