2 resultados para 1514-1564. -- De humani corporis fabrica
em Repositório da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Brazil
Resumo:
Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de desenvolver um modelo computacional para simular a secagem de frutos café em um secador intermitente de fluxos contracorrente, empregando a linguagem de simulação EXTEND™ e o Modelo de Thompson (THOMPSON; PEART; FOSTER, 1968). Para validação do modelo desenvolvido foram utilizados dados experimentais obtidos por Silva (1991), em que foram empregados três níveis de temperatura do ar de secagem de 60, 80 e 100 °C. O modelo desenvolvido foi validado, sendo constatados desvios absolutos de 1,8% b.u e 1,1 kg e erros relativos de 11% e 1,6% na previsão dos parâmetros teor de água final e consumo de lenha, respectivamente. O modelo validado foi empregado na condução de experimentos tipo comparação de cenários. O primeiro experimento refere a alterações do ciclo operacional em que foram alterados os tempos de movimentação e de parada do fluxo da massa de grãos. E o segundo refere à alteração da configuração do secador quanto às alturas das câmaras de secagem e descanso. O ciclo operacional com os tempos de movimentação de um minuto e de parada de dezesseis minutos, para a temperatura do ar de secagem de 100 °C, proporcionou o melhor desempenho, sendo constatado tempo secagem de 12,3 h, consumo de lenha de 109,5 kg, consumo específico de energia de 7660 kJ.kg-1 de água evaporada, e capacidade de secagem de 87,86 kg.h-1. Quanto à configuração do secador, o melhor desempenho ocorreu para altura da câmara de secagem de 2,3 m usando a temperatura do ar de secagem de 100 °C, em que foram simulados tempo de secagem de 12,0 h, consumo de lenha de 106,5 kg, consumo específico de energia, de 7433 kJ.kg-1 de água evaporada, e capacidade de secagem de 90 kg.h-1. Desse modo, na condução da secagem de frutos de café em um secador intermitente de fluxos contracorrentes é recomendado o ciclo operacional com tempos de movimentação de um minuto e o de parada de dezesseis minutos, e não empregar a câmara de descanso. Essa conclusão está fundamentada em índices de desempenho do secador. Ressalta-se que não foram simulados os impactos nos parâmetros de qualidade.
Resumo:
The edification of the landscape in the scientific and social field, in speech as in the method, is taken in this study as a complex process, from which were developed relationships of dominance on the perception of space, which persist strongly consolidated, since the genesis of the conceptual practice till its actual praxis. Historically, the landscape studies took place slowly, immersed in many questions, in face of the multiplicity of meanings that the concept offers. In the psyche, the notion of landscape is present since a long time ago, as an unconscious human being practice, even before any ideological hypothesis formulation. However its materialization in the social conscious will come only from painting, and specially with the perspective, through the technicity of the view, at first wandering the infinity, now ordained in a frame‟. Since then, the landscape is perceived according to the order of the view, as the equivalent of nature and beauty, assuming at the same time, an important symbolic value, since it is linked to mnemonic and subjective processes that the being build with the territory. The domain on this space-cognitive experience, characteristic of the contemporary, consolidates in the social imaginary, building consensus on the landscape, whose aesthetic references make a cultural appeal, very pertinent to the actual capitalist dynamics of production the space worldwide, mainly of the spectacle and commodification of cities promoted by the city marketing. In Brazil, this consensual ideology of the landscape surpass the social imaginary and also dominates the political imaginary, whereas the main instrument for preserving the landscape, Decree-law 25, from November 30, 1937, and its limit to those of exceptional value or remarkable feature. The analysis of the processes for putting under governmental trust for inscription of goods by the landscape value, reveals the dominant, if not exclusive, adoption of selection criteria related to aesthetic aspects. Abstain, therefore, from what the nation considers patrimony , other landscapes that, besides not having, at first, remarkable aesthetic value, play a crucial role as an inheritance from ancestor relations between man and space and pre- existing condition for the same present and future relations. From this historical background, the research seeks to transfer into contemporaneity, the ideological analysis of the concept and its relation with the building of the landscape in the collective imaginary, in order to recognize, in current practices to landscape preservation, as much this genesis, rooted in aesthetics, remains strongly consolidated, feeding the current dynamics of consumption and commodification of the city. Therefore, as preliminary conclusion, one can state that the identification of landscapes of different value, especially aesthetic, maintains and intensify the treatment of the city as an object, a standard‟ commodity to be sold / traded on the world market, in detriment of its recognition as a dynamic process that, even though inserted in the global context, develops specificifities and peculiarities, inherent to the production of space, as Lefebvre preconizes, that is, to the production of life, social product , as characteristic, dissent generator