Two new species of Pamphobeteus Pocock 1901 (Araneae : Mygalomorphae : Theraphosidae) from Brazil, with a new type of stridulatory organ

Two new species of Pamphobeteus Pocock 1901 are described from Brazil: Pamphobeteus crassifemur sp. nov. and Pamphobeteus grandis sp. nov.; Pamphobeteus nigricolor, formerly described from Colombia, Ecuador and Bolivia, is recorded from Brazil and its distribution in Ecuador and Bolivia is questioned. A new type of stridulatory organ is described from legs III and IV of P. crassifemur sp. nov. The structure consists of spiniform setae. Stridulation occurs when the spider moves the legs III and IV, sometimes while shedding urticating hairs.

Understanding Wax Printing: A Simple Micropatterning Process for Paper-Based Microfluidics

This technical note describes a detailed study on wax printing, a simple and inexpensive method for fabricating microfluidic devices in paper using a commercially available printer and hot plate. The printer prints patterns of solid wax on the surface of the paper, and the hot plate melts the wax so that it penetrates the full thickness of the paper. This process creates complete hydrophobic barriers in paper that define hydrophilic channels, fluid reservoirs, and reaction zones. The design of each device was based on a simple equation that accounts for the spreading of molten wax in paper.