Hard tissue formation adjacent to implants of various size and configuration immediately placed into extraction sockets: an experimental study in dogs

Objectives To evaluate the influence of implant size and configuration on osseointegration in implants immediately placed into extraction sockets. Material and methods Implants were installed immediately into extraction sockets in the mandibles of six Labrador dogs. In the control sites, cylindrical transmucosal implants (3.3 mm diameter) were installed, while in the test sites, larger and conical (root formed, 5 mm diameter) implants were installed. After 4 months of healing, the resorptive patterns of the alveolar crest were evaluated histomorphometrically. Results With one exception, all implants were integrated in mineralized bone, mainly composed of mature lamellar bone. The alveolar crest underwent resorption at the control as well as at the test implants. This resorption was more pronounced at the buccal aspects and significantly greater at the test (2.7 +/- 0.4 mm) than at the control implants (1.5 +/- 0.6 mm). However, the control implants were associated with residual defects that were deeper at the lingual than at the buccal aspects, while these defects were virtually absent at test implants. Conclusions The installment of root formed wide implants immediately into extraction sockets will not prevent the resorption of the alveolar crest. In contrast, this resorption is more marked both at the buccal and lingual aspects of root formed wide than at standard cylindrical implants. To cite this article:Caneva M, Salata LA, de Souza SS, Bressan E, Botticelli D, Lang NP. Hard tissue formation adjacent to implants of various size and configuration immediately placed into extraction sockets: an experimental study in dogs.Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 885-895.doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.01931.x.

In Vivo Comparison of Hard Tissue Regeneration with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Processed with Either the FICOLL Method or the BMAC Method

Objective: To compare new bone formation in maxillary sinus augmentation procedures using biomaterial associated with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) separated by two different isolation methods. Background: In regenerative medicine open cell concentration systems are only allowed for clinical application under good manufacturing practice conditions. Methods: Mononuclear cells, including MSCs, were concentrated with either the synthetic poylsaccharid (FICOLL) method (classic open system-control group, n = 6 sinus) or the bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) method (closed system-test group, n = 12 sinus) and transplanted in combination with biomaterial. A sample of the cells was characterized by their ability to differentiate. After 4.1 months (SD +/- 1.0) bone biopsies were obtained and analyzed. Results: The new bone formation in the BMAC group was 19.9% (90% confidence interval [CI], 10.9-29), and in the FICOLL group was 15.5% (90% CI, 8.6-22.4). The 4.4% difference was not significant (90% CI, -4.6-13.5; p = 0.39). MSCs could be differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. Conclusion: MSCs harvested from bone marrow aspirate in combination with bovine bone matrix particles can form lamellar bone and provide a reliable base for dental implants. The closed BMAC system is suited to substitute the open FICOLL system in bone regeneration procedures.

The long wavelength limit of hard thermal loop effective actions

We derive a closed form expression for the long wavelength limit of the effective action for hard thermal loops in an external gravitational field. It is a function of the metric, independent of time derivatives. It is compared and contrasted with the static limit, and with the corresponding limits in an external Yang-Mills field. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Femtosecond laser ablation on dental hard tissues-Analysis of ablated profile near an interface using local effective intensity

This study evaluated the process of ablation produced by a Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser under different average powers taking place at the enamel/dentin interface. Based on the geometry of ablated microcavities the effective intensity for ablation was obtained. This study shows the validity for the local effective intensity analysis and allows a quantification of the variation in the ablation geometry taking place at the interface of two naturally different materials. It shows that the variation of the diameter of the ablated region as a function of the cavity depth comes essentially from a mechanism of effective intensity attenuation, as a result of a series of complex effects. Additionally, our data are sufficient to predict that a discontinuity on the ablation profile will occur on the interface between two biological media: enamel-dentin, showing a suddenly jump on the ablated cavity dimensions.

Determination of epinephrine in urine using multi-walled carbon nanotube modified with cobalt phthalocyanine in a paraffin composite electrode

This paper describes the development, electrochemical characterization and utilization of a cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc), modified multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), and paraffin composite electrode for the quantitative determination of epinephrine (EP) in human urine samples. The electrochemical profile of the proposed composite electrode was analyzed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) that showed a shift of the oxidation peak potential of EP at 175 mV to less positive value, compared with a paraffin/graphite composite electrode without CoPc. DPV experiments in PBS at pH 6.0 were performed to determine EP without any previous step of extraction, clean-up, and derivatization, in the range from 1.33 to 5.50 mu mol L(-1), with a detection limit of 15.6 nmol L(-1) (2.86) of EP in electrolyte prepared with purified water. The lifetime of the proposed sensors was at least over 1000 determinations with 1.7 and 3.1 repeatability and reproducibility relative standard deviations, respectively. Human urine samples without any purification step were successfully analyzed under the standard addition method using paraffin/MWCNT/CoPc composite electrode. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.