Spiranthera atlantica (Rutaceae, Galipeae), a New Species and the First Record of the Genus for the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

A new species of Spiranthera A. St.-Hil. (Rutaceae, Galipeinae) is illustrated and described from Espirito Santo, Brazil. Spiranthera atlantica Pi rani represents the first species record for the genus in the Atlantic Forest of eastern Brazil. The new (axon resembles the Amazonian S. guianensis Sandwith but differs by its smaller, few-flowered inflorescences and by the fruit and leaflet morphology.

Paepalanthus bonsai, a New Species of Eriocaulaceae from Minas Gerais, Brazil

We describe and illustrate the new species Paepalanthus bonsai Trovo & Sano (Eriocaulaceae, Pacpalanthoideae) from the Espinhaco Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil. This species is placed in Paepalanthus Martius subsect. Dichocladus Ruhland due to its dicholoniously branched stem with rigid linear leaves. The new species is compared with the sympairic and morphologically similar species P. glaziovii Ruhland.

A New Species of Riama from Ecuador Previously Referred to as Riama hyposticta (Boulenger, 1902) (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae)

We describe Riama crypta, new species, from the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental, Ecuador. This taxon was formerly referred to as Riama hyposticta, a rare species described on the basis of an adult male from northern Ecuador and here recorded from southwestern Colombia. The new species differs principally from Riama hyposticta by an incomplete superciliary series, formed just by the anteriormost superciliary scale (superciliary series complete in R. hyposticta, formed by five or six scales), no nasoloreal suture [= loreal absent] (complete (= loreal present] in R. hyposticta), distinct dorsolateral stripes at least anteriorly (scattered brown spots dorsally without dorsolateral stripes in R. hyposticta), and ventral coloration composed of small cream or brown spots or longitudinal stripes (dark brown with conspicuous transverse white bars and spots). Additionally, we document the presence of distal filiform appendages on the hemipenial lobes of both species.

Matelea quindecimlobata (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae), a New Species from Amazonas, Brazil

Matelea quindecimlobata Farinaccio & W. D. Stevens, a new species of Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae, from Amazonas, Brazil, is described and illustrated. The most diagnostic aspect of this new species of Matelea. Aublet s. str. is the lobed, then fimbriate outer margin of the outer corona.

Actinocephalus koernickeanus, a New Species of Eriocaulaceae from Minas Gerais, Brazil

We describe and illustrate the new species Actinocephalus koernickeanus Trovo & F. N. Costa (Eriocaulaceae, Paepalanthoideae) from the Espinhaco Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil, and compare it with the morphologically similar species, Paepalanthus actinocephaloides Silveira and P. barbiger Silveira, both from Espinhaco Range.

Croton rufolepidotus (Euphorbiaceae s. str.), a New Species from Antioquia, Colombia

Crown rufolepidotus Caruzo & Riina (Euphorbiaceae s. str.), a new species from Colombia, is here described and illustrated. The new species is endemic to an area of lowland secondary forests in Antioquia. Morphological characters indicate that this species belongs to Croton sect. Cleodora (Klotzsch) Baill. due to its arborescent habit, petiolar glands, 15 to 25 stamens, as well as the pistillate flowers with imbricate sepals and multifid styles.

Systematic Revision of the granulatus Group of Urophonius Pocock, 1893 (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae), with Description of a New Species from Central Chile

A systematic revision of the granulatus group of the bothriurid scorpion genus Urophonius Pocock, 1893 is presented. Urophonius pizarroi, n. sp., a new species from central Chile, is described. Urophonius granulatus Pocock, 1898, Urophonius somuncura Acosta, 2003, and Urophonius tregualemuensis Cekalovic, 1981, are redescribed using modern standards. The adult males of U. somuncura and U. tregualemuensis are described for the first time. A distribution map and key to the species of the granulatus group are provided, along with a discussion of their phenology.

A new species and new distribution records of Pickeliana (Opiliones: Laniatores: Stygnidae)

A new species of Pickeliana Mello-Leitao,1932, P. albimaculata sp. nov, is described from Jussari, Bahia, Brazil. It can be easily distinguished from the already described species by the presence of white spots on mesotergal area I and anal opercle. It is similar to P. pickeli Mello-Leitao,1932 by the presence of a large, ventro-apical pointed tubercle on femora III-IV A cladistic analysis was performed adding a new character to the available character matrix, the presence of a large and ventro-apical pointed tubercle on male femur IV According to this analysis, P. albimaculata sp. nov is sister species of P.pickeli.Additionally,we present an identification key and an update on the geographical distribution of species of this genus in northeastern Brazil.

A new species of Brazilian troglobitic harvestman of the genus Iandumoema (Opiliones : Gonyleptidae)

Iandumoema setimapocu sp.n. is described from the cave Lapa do Zu, Coraao de Jesus, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The new species is closely related to Iandumoema uai Pinto-da-Rocha, 1996 in the subfamily Pachylinae, from which it differs by the following features: Male femur IV straight; the male apophysis on coxa IV directed obliquely backward; eyes depigmented; tubercles on femur IV close to each other, separated by about one diameter; male pedipalpal tibia with ectal setae IiiIi; lack of median setae on ventral plate of penis. Iandumoema is the first exclusively troglobitic genus of Opiliones in Brazil that contains two species.

A new species of land planarian of Gigantea Ogren and Kawakatsu, 1990 (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from Colombia, with taxonomic remarks on the genus

A new species of land planarian from Colombia, Gigantea maupoi sp. nov., is described herein. The penis papilla of the new species is provided with numerous accessory genital organs, or mgo. These mgo are of a unique morphology, consisting of a very strong barrel-shaped circular muscle coat and an underlying longitudinal one, both derived from the subepithelial musculature of the penis papilla. The central mass of each mgo contains secretions and 8-15 canalicula that open to the male atrium on the central region of the organ. Differences in structures constituting the mgo and details of the muscular systems and of the reproductive organs among the 11 Gigantea species from literature and from type material of G. bistriata (Hyman, 1962), G. chiriquii (Hyman, 1962), and G. sandersoni (Prudhoe, 1949) reexamined here show that the genus is heterogeneous.

Two species of Neocypholaelaps from Sri Lanka (Acari: Ameroseiidae), with description of a new species

Two species of Neocypholaelaps Vitzthum are reported from Sri Lanka. One of them, Neocypholaelaps ceylonicus Narita & Moraes, n. sp., is described based on adult females. The other, Neocypholaelaps ampullula (Berlese), originally described from Indonesia, is reported for the first time in Sri Lanka. Complementary morphological information about this species is provided based on the specimens collected in this study. A discussion is presented about the spermathecal apparatus of Neocypholaelaps species.

Description of a new species of Neocypholaelaps (Acari: Ameroseiidae) from Brazil, with a key to the world species

A new species, Neocypholaelaps geonomae n. sp., is described based on the morphology of adult females and males collected on Geonoma spp. (Arecaceae) in southeastern Brazil. This is the first species of this genus identified from the American continent. A key to the world species of Neocypholaelaps is provided.

New species of Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera, Tephritidae) from remnant area of the Atlantic Rain Forest and surroundings in the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil

Four new species of Anastrepha Schiner were collected in McPhail-type traps hung in trees in a natural reserve and in commercial papaya orchards in Linhares, Espirito Santo state, Brazil. They are described and named herein as follows: Anastrepha atlantica n. sp., Anastrepha glochin n. sp., Anastrepha linharensis n. sp. and Anastrepha martinsi n. sp. Only the latter was collected in traps hung in papaya orchards. The classification of these species in species groups of Anastrepha is also discussed.

A new species of Gamasiphis (Acari: Ologamasidae) from Brazil, with a key to species from the Neotropical Region

Gamasiphis paulista n. sp. is described based on specimens representing all postembryonic stages, collected from litter and soil in Piracicaba, State of Sao Paulo. This is the first species of Gamasiphis described from Brazil. A key is provided for the separation of species of this genus known from the Neotropical Region.

DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF ARRENOSEIUS WAINSTEIN (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE) FROM BRAZIL AND A REDESCRIPTION OF A SIMILAR SPECIES FROM ARGENTINA

Arrenoseius gaucho n. sp. is described from the State of Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil, based on specimens collected on four plant species. A redescription of Arrenoseius tucumanensis (Sheals), the species most similar to A. gaucho n. sp., is provided based on the holotype.